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European Journal of Histochemistry : EJH Feb 2022The spread technique proposed by Miller and Beatty in 1969 allowed for the first time the visualization at transmission electron microscopy of nucleic acids and...
The spread technique proposed by Miller and Beatty in 1969 allowed for the first time the visualization at transmission electron microscopy of nucleic acids and chromatin in an isolated and distended conformation. The final step of staining the spread chromatin is of critical importance because it can strongly influence the interpretation of the results. We evaluated different staining techniques and the most part of them provided a good result. Specifically, well contrasted micrographs were obtained when staining with H3PW12O40 (PTA), as originally proposed by Miller and Beatty, and with two alternatives proposed here: uranyl acetate or terbium citrate staining. Quite good contrast of the spread DNA could be achieved also by using Osmium Ammine; while no or few contrast of nucleic acids was observed by staining with KMnO₄ and H3PMo12O40 (PMA) respectively.
Topics: Chromatin; Coloring Agents; Microscopy, Electron; Nucleic Acids; Staining and Labeling
PubMed: 35212500
DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3364 -
BMC Proceedings 2019Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a life-threatening complication of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), that might occur preoperatively. We investigated the risk...
BACKGROUND
Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a life-threatening complication of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), that might occur preoperatively. We investigated the risk factors of preoperative HAEC.
METHOD
We retrospectively reviewed all medical records of HSCR patients admitted at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Indonesia from March 2012 until March 2015. Diagnosis of HAEC was determined using the Delphi scoring system.
RESULTS
Sixty-one HSCR patients were involved in this study, of whom 48 were males and 13 females. Eighteen percent (11/61) patients had a preoperative HAEC. The most common findings of the HAEC score found in our patients were distended abdomen (100%) and dilated loops of bowel (100%), followed by lethargy (72.7%), cut-off sign in rectosigmoid with absence of distal air (72.7%), leukocytosis (72.7%), and shift to left (63.6%). There was no association between gender, age of HSCR diagnosis, early/late diagnosis during neonatal period, aganglionosis type, albumin level nor body mass index with preoperative HAEC ( = 0.69, 0.76, 0.33, 1.0, 0.86, and 0.50, respectively). In addition, the maternal age, gestational age, and maternal education level also did not correlate with the development of preoperative HAEC ( = 0.71, 0.59, and 0.32, respectively).
CONCLUSION
The incidence of preoperative HAEC in our hospital is considered relatively moderate, with the most common findings of distended abdomen and dilated loops of bowel. None of the identified risk factors have an association with the development of HAEC in our patients.
PubMed: 31890011
DOI: 10.1186/s12919-019-0172-y -
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Jan 2022Congenital Pouch Colon (CPC) is a rare anorectal malformation (ARM) in which a part of or the entire colon is replaced by pouch-like dilatation. Males are more likely to...
Congenital Pouch Colon (CPC) is a rare anorectal malformation (ARM) in which a part of or the entire colon is replaced by pouch-like dilatation. Males are more likely to be diagnosed with the condition compared to females. The highest incidence of the disease is in South Asia, with a significant number of cases reported from India. Early diagnosis can be made when there are hypoechogenic lesions on antenatal ultrasound scans. We report a case of a neonate with routine antenatal scans who presented with a distended abdomen and inability to pass feces. The diagnosis was made in the early neonatal period, followed by surgical management.
PubMed: 35310792
DOI: 10.12669/pjms.38.ICON-2022.5771 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Jun 2023Colonic atresia (CA) is a rare disease with an incidence range between one of 20 000 and one of 66 000 live births. Most CA are located within the proximal colon;...
Colonic atresia (CA) is a rare disease with an incidence range between one of 20 000 and one of 66 000 live births. Most CA are located within the proximal colon; distal CA are even rarer. Because of its rarity, another case shall be described herewith. A 37th week of pregnancy born child was noticed occurring multiple vomiting, a distended abdomen and additional whitish-bloody stool shortly thereafter. In the first operation, a double-barrel stoma was created. After sufficient weight gain and alignment of the stoma ends, a secondary anastomosis was created in the child after 2 months. The diagnosis can be made reliably on the basis of an X-ray and leads to a good outcome with prompt surgical intervention. However, accompanying malformations should always be considered.
PubMed: 37313432
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad335 -
Arthroscopy : the Journal of... Jul 2019Since iatrogenic injury to surrounding structures is more likely in the elbow than in the other major joints, many studies have examined the relationship of elbow...
Since iatrogenic injury to surrounding structures is more likely in the elbow than in the other major joints, many studies have examined the relationship of elbow arthroscopy portals to the at-risk anatomy. In accessing the anterior compartment of the elbow from the medial side, the brachial artery and median, ulnar, and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves are at risk. Factors that improve the safety of this approach include the use of a proximal versus distal anteromedial portal, a distended versus and nondistended joint, and a flexed versus extended elbow position, all of which result in an approximate margin of safety of 2 cm from the deep at-risk structures.
Topics: Arthroscopy; Cadaver; Elbow; Elbow Joint; Humans
PubMed: 31272639
DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2019.04.016 -
Gastroenterology Dec 2019
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Female; Gastric Dilatation; Gastroparesis; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A Virus, Human; Humans; Jaundice; Stomach; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31404535
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.08.014 -
Perfusion Sep 2017Unregulated intraoperative distension of human saphenous vein (SV) graft leads to supraphysiologic luminal pressures and causes acute physiologic and cellular injury to...
OBJECTIVES
Unregulated intraoperative distension of human saphenous vein (SV) graft leads to supraphysiologic luminal pressures and causes acute physiologic and cellular injury to the conduit. The effect of distension on tissue viscoelasticity, a biophysical property critical to a successful graft, is not well described. In this investigation, we quantify the loss of viscoelasticity in SV deformed by distension and compare the results to tissue distended in a pressure-controlled fashion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Unmanipulated porcine SV was used as a control or distended without regulation and distended with an in-line pressure release valve (PRV). Rings were cut from these tissues and suspended on a muscle bath. Force versus time tracings of tissue constricted with KCl (110 mM) and relaxed with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were fit to the Hill model of viscoelasticity, using mean absolute error (MAE) and r-goodness of fit as measures of conformity.
RESULTS
One-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated that, in tissue distended manually, the MAE was significantly greater and the r-goodness of fit was significantly lower than both undistended tissues and tissues distended with a PRV (p<0.05) in KCl-induced vasoconstriction and SNP-induced vasodilation.
CONCLUSIONS
Unregulated manual distension of SV graft causes loss of viscoelasticity and such loss may be mitigated with the use of an in-line PRV.
Topics: Animals; Coronary Artery Bypass; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Saphenous Vein; Swine; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 28820033
DOI: 10.1177/0267659117697814 -
Case Reports in Radiology 2020The incidence of a mature ovarian teratoma ranged from 20% to 30% of pediatric ovarian tumors (Sabaa et al., 2009), which is composed of well-differentiated tissues that...
The incidence of a mature ovarian teratoma ranged from 20% to 30% of pediatric ovarian tumors (Sabaa et al., 2009), which is composed of well-differentiated tissues that derive from all three germ cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm); it is one of the most common benign ovarian neoplasms. In this case report, we discuss a 9-year-old female patient who presented with abdominal pain and distended abdomen, for which she had an abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The histopathological exam, after a laparotomy, showed a mature ovarian teratoma.
PubMed: 32148993
DOI: 10.1155/2020/1352961 -
The American Journal of Emergency... Jul 2024Gallbladder distention has been described in radiology literature but its value on point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) performed by emergency physicians is unclear. We...
BACKGROUND
Gallbladder distention has been described in radiology literature but its value on point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) performed by emergency physicians is unclear. We sought to determine the test characteristics of gallbladder distention on PoCUS for cholecystitis (acute or chronic), and secondarily whether distention was associated with an obstructing stone-in-neck (SIN), acute cholecystitis on subsequent pathology report, and longer cholecystectomy operative times.
METHODS
This was a dual-site retrospective cohort study of all Emergency Department (ED) patients that underwent diagnostic biliary PoCUS and were subsequently admitted from 11/1/2020 to 10/31/2022. Patients with pregnancy, liver failure, ascites, hepatobiliary cancer, prior cholecystectomy, or known cholecystitis were excluded. Gallbladder distention was defined as a width ≥4 cm or a length ≥10 cm. Saved ultrasound images were reviewed by three independent reviewers who obtained measurements during the review. Test characteristics, Cohen's kappa (κ), and strength of association between distention and our variables (acute cholecystitis on pathology report and SIN on PoCUS) were calculated using a Chi Square analysis, where intervention (cholecystectomy, percutaneous cholecystostomy, or intravenous antibiotics) was used as the reference standard for AC. A one-tail two sample t-test was calculated for mean operative times.
RESULTS
Of 280 admitted patients who underwent ED biliary PoCUS, 53 were excluded, and 227 were analyzed. Of the 227 patients, 113 (49.8%) had cholecystitis according to our reference standard, and 68 (30.0%) had distention on PoCUS: 32 distended by both width and length, 16 distended by width alone, and 20 distended by length alone. Agreement between investigators was substantial for width (κ 0.630) and length (κ 0.676). Distention was 85.09% (95% CI 77.20-91.07%) specific and 45.1% (95% CI 35.8-54.8%) sensitive for cholecystitis. There was an association between distention and SIN; odds ratio (OR) 2.76 (95% CI 1.54-4.97). Distention of both length and width was associated with acute over chronic cholecystitis; OR 4.32 (95% CI 1.42-13.14). Among patients with acute cholecystitis, mean operative times were 114 min in patients with distention and 89 min in patients without distention (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
Gallbladder distention on PoCUS was specific for cholecystitis (acute or chronic), and associated with SIN, acute cholecystitis on subsequent pathology report, and longer cholecystectomy operative times. Measurement of gallbladder dimensions as part of the assessment of cholecystitis may be advantageous.
Topics: Humans; Cholecystitis, Acute; Female; Retrospective Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Ultrasonography; Aged; Gallbladder; Emergency Service, Hospital; Adult; Cholecystectomy; Point-of-Care Systems; Operative Time
PubMed: 38728935
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.04.056