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Journal of Nursing Management Sep 2022To explore nurses' perceptions on caring for children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence, medical treatment of a victim of domestic violence and social...
AIM
To explore nurses' perceptions on caring for children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence, medical treatment of a victim of domestic violence and social aspects of recognizing this problem.
BACKGROUND
Nurses are often first to recognize family violence; thus, they must have appropriate knowledge, skills and experience. Caring for child victims of domestic violence can be very stressful and emotional and nurses must have support when caring for them.
METHODS
A qualitative study was conducted between June and August 2020. Interviews were conducted with paediatric nurses in a university hospital in Slovenia. Interviews were transcribed, coded and synthesized.
RESULTS
We identified four main categories: violence against children; nurses' perception of caring for a child victim of domestic violence; medical treatment of a child who is a victim of domestic violence; the social aspect of recognizing violence against a child.
CONCLUSIONS
Domestic violence is present regardless of country, language and nationality. Early interventions should be directed towards recognition of the signs of domestic violence and care for victims of violence and caregivers.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
It is the responsibility of healthcare systems, hospital managers and nurses themselves to provide nursing care for children and adolescent victims of domestic violence based on the newest and best evidence.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Domestic Violence; Family; Humans; Nursing Care; Qualitative Research; Slovenia
PubMed: 34786785
DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13512 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Apr 2015Domestic/Family Violence Death Reviews (D/FVDRs) have been established in a number of high-income countries since 1990 as a mechanism to inform prevention-focused... (Review)
Review
Domestic/Family Violence Death Reviews (D/FVDRs) have been established in a number of high-income countries since 1990 as a mechanism to inform prevention-focused interventions to reduce domestic/family violence. D/FVDRs differ in their structure, governance, case identification processes and inclusion criteria, review measures, and outputs. Outside of the United States, the extent of heterogeneity across and within countries has not been explored. This study comprised an international comparison of D/FVDRs and their core elements to inform the establishment of D/FVDRs in other developed countries, and potentially low- and middle-income countries where violence is a leading cause of death. Such a review is also a necessary foundation for any future evaluation D/FVDRs. The review identified 71 jurisdictions where a D/FVDRs had been established in the past two decades, 25 of which met the inclusion criteria. All D/FVDRs examined stated a reduction in deaths as a goal of the review process; however, none reported an actual reduction. The focus of the D/FVDRs examined was on intimate partner homicides; however, more recently established D/FVDRs include other familial relationships. Almost one third of the D/FVDRs examined reported changes to the domestic/family system that occurred as a result of recommendations made from the review process. While similar in many ways, D/FVDRs differ along a number of important dimensions that make it difficult to identify best practices for jurisdictions considering the establishment of such an initiative. To share knowledge, existing networks should be expanded nationally and internationally to include jurisdictions that may be considering this initiative.
Topics: Advisory Committees; Cause of Death; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Developed Countries; Domestic Violence; Homicide; Humans; International Cooperation; Suicide; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 24381134
DOI: 10.1177/1524838013517561 -
Revista Medica de Chile Aug 2014According to recent surveys, there is a high prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in Chile. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, and Lilacs with the MesH... (Review)
Review
According to recent surveys, there is a high prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in Chile. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, and Lilacs with the MesH terms "Chile", "Mental Health", "Health", "Domestic Violence", to explore the impact of DV on health in Chile. Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Two studies were prospective, exploring the influence of DV on maternal-infant health. Nine studies explored the influence of DV on mental health in adults. DV was associated with deranged mental health indicators specially anxiety and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Similar results were observed among mothers who were victims of violence and their children. It is concluded that DV is a complex phenomenon with serious effects on health. However the number of studies on the subject is low and new follow up studies are required. Predictive models for DV and effective preventive measures are urgently needed.
Topics: Chile; Domestic Violence; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Mental Health; Prevalence
PubMed: 25424674
DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872014000800009 -
Health & Social Care in the Community Nov 2022Within the United Kingdom, domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is the most commonly identified factor within child in need assessments, with rates increasing in recent... (Review)
Review
Within the United Kingdom, domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is the most commonly identified factor within child in need assessments, with rates increasing in recent years in addition to 'lockdown'-related spikes. This article examines the representation of DVA in local child safeguarding policies using Bacchi's (2009) 'What is the problem represented to be?' approach. Policies were collected from the websites of all the child safeguarding partnerships of England in July 2021. In total, we identified 59 policies. These policies are designed to guide local responses to DVA across services and thus have potential for substantial impact on practice across health and social care. Our results suggest that local DVA policy in England exists within a conceptual framework which spotlights the individual and lacks attention to their context. We argue that these policies focus on adults, neglecting attention to children within their own safeguarding policies. This is through children being peripheralized within the conceptualisation of 'victim' and the assessed adult risk being used as a proxy measure for the risk to child. Demographic discussions build an image of DVA as an issue that can affect anyone, but with little acknowledgement of the vulnerabilities facing proportions of the population and their complexities - when such vulnerabilities are discussed, they are individualised and viewed in absence of their societal causes, potentially eclipsing critical elements of a child's experience of DVA. The implications of our results are wide-ranging but suggest a need to refocus on children and their context within local DVA policy.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Domestic Violence; Child Abuse; United Kingdom; Social Support; Policy
PubMed: 36282145
DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14086 -
Current Psychiatry Reports Feb 2019We discuss recent evidence around the identification and response to domestic and sexual violence in primary care for perpetrators and victims, in the context of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We discuss recent evidence around the identification and response to domestic and sexual violence in primary care for perpetrators and victims, in the context of feminist social media movements such as #MeToo.
RECENT FINDINGS
There is no recent research on identification and response to perpetrators in health settings. There is some limited recent evidence for how health settings can address domestic and sexual violence for female victims and their children. Recent studies of mixed quality focus on advocacy and empowerment, integrated interventions (with alcohol and drug misuse) and couples counselling for domestic violence and cognitive behavioural or processing therapy for sexual violence. Further research on perpetrator interventions in primary care is urgent. Larger sample sizes and a focus on sexual violence are needed to develop the evidence base for female survivors. Clinicians need to ask about violence and provide a first-line response depending on the patient's needs.
Topics: Couples Therapy; Domestic Violence; Female; Humans; Primary Health Care; Sex Offenses
PubMed: 30734100
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-0991-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2023Smartphone applications or apps are increasingly being produced to help with protection against the risk of domestic violence. There is a need to formally evaluate their... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Smartphone applications or apps are increasingly being produced to help with protection against the risk of domestic violence. There is a need to formally evaluate their features.
OBJECTIVE
This study systematically reviewed app-based interventions for domestic violence prevention, which will be helpful for app developers.
METHODS
We overviewed all apps concerning domestic violence awareness and prevention without language restrictions, collating information about features and limitations. We conducted searches in Google, the Google Play Store, and the App Store (iOS) covering a 10-year time period (2012-2022). We collected data related to the apps from the developers' descriptions, peer reviewed research articles, critical reviews in blogs, news articles, and other online sources.
RESULTS
The search identified 621 potentially relevant apps of which 136 were selected for review. There were five app categories: emergency assistance ( = 61, 44.9%), avoidance ( = 29, 21.3%), informative ( = 29, 21.3%), legal information ( = 10, 7.4%), and self-assessment ( = 7, 5.1%). Over half the apps ( = 97, 71%) were released in 2020-22. Around a half were from north-east America ( = 63, 46.3%). Where emergency alerts existed, they required triggering by the potential victim. There was no automation. Content analysis showed 20 apps with unique features, including geo-fences, accelerometer-based alert, shake-based alert, functionality under low resources, alert auto-cancellation, anonymous communication, and data encryption. None of the apps deployed artificial intelligence to assist the potential victims.
CONCLUSIONS
Apps currently have many limitations. Future apps should focus on automation, making better use of artificial intelligence deploying multimedia (voice, video, image capture, text and sentiment analysis), speech recognition, and pitch detection to aid in live analysis of the situation and for accurately generating emergency alerts.
Topics: Mobile Applications; Artificial Intelligence; Domestic Violence; North America; Smartphone
PubMed: 37047862
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075246 -
Journal of Interpersonal Violence Sep 2022Domestic violence is a pernicious social problem in the United States and a cause of national concern. The South Asian culture disempowers individuals experiencing...
Domestic violence is a pernicious social problem in the United States and a cause of national concern. The South Asian culture disempowers individuals experiencing domestic violence from recognizing and reporting victimization. Structural inequities may also discourage reporting victimization. These issues have led to inconsistent findings of domestic violence prevalence rates. Additionally, domestic violence studies with South Asians in the United States have predominantly focused on women, omitting men from this purview of research. The purpose of this study was to examine domestic violence victimization rates as well as their correlates among South Asian immigrant men and women. The sample for this cross-sectional study included 468 South Asians across the 50 U.S. states. Descriptive statistics were used to establish rates of domestic violence victimization. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the correlates of domestic violence victimization. All of the sociodemographic information was added in step 1, and acculturation and gender-role attitudes were added as covariates in step 2.The most prevalent type of domestic violence victimization was physical violence (48%), followed by emotional (38%), economic (35%), verbal (27%), immigration-related (26%), in-laws related (19%), and ultimately sexual abuse (11%). Prevalence rates were higher for women than for men in each type of violence. According to the logistic regression results, education, generational position, family type, and employment were significant correlates of domestic violence victimization. Prior to development of prevention programs by community agencies, it is essential to understand the nature and prevalence of domestic violence experiences among South Asians. The victimization of men in addition to women adds to the novelty of this research study and paves the way for practitioners and scholars to engage in conversations about providing both male and female victims of domestic violence with the needed resources and support. The article will discuss implications for research, practice, and policy.
Topics: Asian People; Crime Victims; Cross-Sectional Studies; Domestic Violence; Emigrants and Immigrants; Female; Humans; Male; United States
PubMed: 34020564
DOI: 10.1177/08862605211015262 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Apr 2023China has made remarkable progress in preventing and intervening in domestic violence against women. Scholars have reported on this development. Methodologically, this... (Review)
Review
China has made remarkable progress in preventing and intervening in domestic violence against women. Scholars have reported on this development. Methodologically, this paper, which draws on 3362 references selected from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, uses the bibliometric method to summarize the characteristics, evolution, and frontiers of key topics into research on abused women in China between 1993 and 2020. The paper has three key findings. (1) The volume of literature has grown continuously, but in three stages: initial, rapid growth, and peak fluctuation; (2) the topic has five research hotspots: fundamental issues in domestic violence against women; new legislation, notably the 2015 ; social support for abused women; matrimonial disputes involving abused women; and conviction and sentencing of abused women who kill their husbands; and (3) the current research frontiers lie within the defects of the and challenges in the implementation of the law. In addition, the paper examines characteristics and limitations of the study on abused women in China and suggests changes in practice, policy, and directions for future research.
Topics: Female; Humans; Battered Women; Bibliometrics; China; Domestic Violence
PubMed: 34674586
DOI: 10.1177/15248380211050562 -
Medicine, Science, and the Law Jan 2021Violence perpetrated on male victims is a phenomenon that is currently underestimated by both national and international scientific communities, since males are...
Violence perpetrated on male victims is a phenomenon that is currently underestimated by both national and international scientific communities, since males are historically (and stereotypically) considered the perpetrators rather than the victims of violence. As a consequence, the available literature lacks data which would allow a better understanding of this issue and its presenting features. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 231 medical files of male victims of violence over a five-year-period (2014-2018) at the Soccorso Violenza Sessuale e Domestica Centre in Milan, Italy. The sample included 112 victims of sexual violence and 119 victims of domestic violence, most of whom were younger than 18 years of age. The main aim of this study was to describe the presentations of male victims of violence in order to understand the phenomenon better, increase awareness of the issue and enable improved health-care management. The need to pay more attention to this vulnerable part of the population is mandatory in health-care services, and it includes: the provision of management guidelines, training to attending physicians and a supportive service to male survivors. Understanding which risk factors are related to male abuse can help with the development of programmes that identify, prevent and minimise violence - this being especially useful for primary-care clinicians. This is the first Italian study to deal with domestic and sexual violence involving male victims.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Crime Victims; Domestic Violence; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Italy; Male; Men; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sex Offenses; Young Adult
PubMed: 33591863
DOI: 10.1177/0025802420947003 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Jul 2015Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major social and public health problem affecting people in various cultures and societies. Though the issue of IPV in Pakistan has... (Review)
Review
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major social and public health problem affecting people in various cultures and societies. Though the issue of IPV in Pakistan has been researched since the 1990 s, no attempt has been made systematically to review the available evidence on IPV in Pakistan. This article presents findings of a systematic review of available empirical literature related to IPV in Pakistan. Using various key words, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched to identify relevant studies. This resulted in the identification of 55 potential studies for inclusion. After application of exclusion criteria 23 studies were identified, 20 of which used quantitative research designs, two used qualitative designs and one adopted a mixed method case study approach. All studies reported men as the perpetrators of IPV and women as its victims. Findings are presented and discussed for IPV for its forms, predictors, effects and victims' responses. Pakistani peoples' perceived reasons for and their attitudes towards IPV are also presented and discussed.
Topics: Battered Women; Crime Victims; Domestic Violence; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Intimate Partner Violence; Male; Pakistan; Risk Factors
PubMed: 24626459
DOI: 10.1177/1524838014526065