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Gastroenterology Sep 2022
Topics: Child; Humans; Jaundice
PubMed: 35500617
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.04.040 -
Expert Review of Gastroenterology &... Dec 2023Endoscopic transpapillary approach by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the established technique for preoperative biliary drainage (PBD).... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Endoscopic transpapillary approach by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the established technique for preoperative biliary drainage (PBD). Recently, endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has been reported to be a useful alternative technique after ERCP fail. However, the optimal strategy remain controversial.
AREA COVERED
This review summarizes the literature on EUS-BD techniques for PBD with a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database between 2000 and 2023 using keywords for 'preoperative biliary drainage' and all types of EUS-BD techniques.
EXPERT OPINION
As there is no consensus on the optimal EUS-BD technique for PBD, selection of the EUS-BD approach depends on the patient's condition, the biliary obstruction site, the anastomosis after surgical intervention, and the preference of the endoscopist. However, we consider that EUS-HGS using a dedicated plastic stent may have some advantages in the adverse impact of surgical procedure because the location where the fistula is created by EUS-HGS is away from the site of the surgical procedure. Although there remain many issues that require further investigation, EUS-BD can be a feasible and safe alternative method of PBD for malignant biliary obstruction after ERCP fail.
Topics: Humans; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Cholestasis; Drainage; Endosonography; Jaundice, Obstructive; Stents; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 38124621
DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2293813 -
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Aug 2019Biliary atresia (BA) is a pathology that causes jaundice in children because of an obstruction of the obliterated biliary tract. Despite being considered a rare disease,...
Biliary atresia (BA) is a pathology that causes jaundice in children because of an obstruction of the obliterated biliary tract. Despite being considered a rare disease, the incidence can reach 1/2400 live births in the Pacific region. The etiology is unknown. If untreated, it will lead to cirrhosis and death. Early operation (within 60 days after birth) is the most important prognostic factor. The objective of this article is to present the technical description step by step of a hepatoportoenterostomy operation in a female 61 days of age with BA.
Topics: Biliary Atresia; Female; Humans; Infant; Jaundice; Portoenterostomy, Hepatic
PubMed: 30442462
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.041 -
Journal of the American College of... May 2019Jaundice is the end result of myriad causes, which makes the role of imaging in this setting particularly challenging. In the United States, the most common causes of...
Jaundice is the end result of myriad causes, which makes the role of imaging in this setting particularly challenging. In the United States, the most common causes of all types of jaundice fall into four categories including hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, blockage of the common bile duct by a gallstone or tumor, and toxic reaction to a drug or medicinal herb. Clinically, differentiating between the various potential etiologies of jaundice requires a detailed history, targeted physical examination, and pertinent laboratory studies, the results of which allow the physician to categorize the type of jaundice into mechanical or nonmechanical causes. Imaging modalities used to evaluate the jaundiced patient (all etiologies) include abdominal ultrasound (US), CT, MR cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic US. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journals and the application of well-established methodologies (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where evidence is lacking or equivocal, expert opinion may supplement the available evidence to recommend imaging or treatment.
Topics: Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Jaundice; Societies, Medical; United States
PubMed: 31054739
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2019.02.012 -
Annals of Hepatology 2019Jaundice is one of the most common medical condition affecting infants, children, and adults. Jaundice is not a disease but it is a visible sign and symptom of liver... (Review)
Review
Jaundice is one of the most common medical condition affecting infants, children, and adults. Jaundice is not a disease but it is a visible sign and symptom of liver disease which occurs when there is an increase in the amount of bilirubin circulating in the blood due to the abnormal metabolism and excretion in the urine. Medicinal plants are being used long ago by our ancestors for the treatment of jaundice. At the present era, consumption of these herbal medicines is increasing at a high speed, due to its less or no side effect and cost-effectiveness as compared to synthetic medicines. This review describes approximately 55 medicinal plants which are used by rural and tribal people of different area of Chhattisgarh for curing jaundice. The data was collected from different kinds of literature survey from the year 1993 to 2018. This review has been conferred in a systematic way which includes plant's vernacular name, botanical name along with its family, part used and ethnomedicinal uses in a tabulated form and also the description of scientific evidence behind the folklore uses of some medicinal plants along with their mechanism of action which have been reported in different kinds of literature. The current study may be useful for the development of new medicines for the treatment of jaundice.
Topics: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; India; Jaundice; Morbidity; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 31178344
DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.05.003 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jan 2015The well established, gold standard method for treatment of obstructive jaundice involves biliary drainage under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)... (Review)
Review
The well established, gold standard method for treatment of obstructive jaundice involves biliary drainage under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed by pancreatobiliary endoscopists. Recently, interventions using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have been developed not only for obtaining cytological and histological diagnosis, but also for biliary drainage as alternative method. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) was first reported by Giovannini et al. EUS-BD broadly includes EUS-guided rendezvous technique, EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy, and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy. More recently, EUS-guided antegrade stenting and EUS-guided gallbladder drainage have also been reported. many case reports, series, and retrospective studies on EUS-BD have been reported. However, because prospective studies and comparisons between the different biliary drainage methods have not been reported, the technical success, functional success, adverse events, and stent patency with long-term follow up of EUS-BD are still unclear. Therefore, prospective, randomized controlled studies addressing these issues are needed. Despite this, EUS-BD undoubtedly is clinically useful as an alternative biliary drainage method. EUS-BD has the potential to be a first-line biliary drainage method instead of ERCP if results of clinical trials are favorable and the technique is simplified.
Topics: Drainage; Endosonography; Humans; Jaundice, Obstructive; Stents; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 25632176
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i4.1049 -
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Jun 2015Jaundice results from the systemic accumulation of bilirubin, the final product of the catabolism of haem. Inherited liver disorders of bilirubin metabolism and... (Review)
Review
Jaundice results from the systemic accumulation of bilirubin, the final product of the catabolism of haem. Inherited liver disorders of bilirubin metabolism and transport can result in reduced hepatic uptake, conjugation or biliary secretion of bilirubin. In patients with Rotor syndrome, bilirubin (re)uptake is impaired due to the deficiency of two basolateral/sinusoidal hepatocellular membrane proteins, organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and OATP1B3. Dubin-Johnson syndrome is caused by a defect in the ATP-dependent canalicular transporter, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), which mediates the export of conjugated bilirubin into bile. Both disorders are benign and not progressive and are characterised by elevated serum levels of mainly conjugated bilirubin. Uridine diphospho-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is responsible for the glucuronidation of bilirubin; deficiency of this enzyme results in unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. Gilbert syndrome is the mild and benign form of inherited unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and is mostly caused by reduced promoter activity of the UGT1A1 gene. Crigler-Najjar syndrome is the severe inherited form of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia due to mutations in the UGT1A1 gene, which can cause kernicterus early in life and can be even lethal when left untreated. Due to major disadvantages of the current standard treatments for Crigler-Najjar syndrome, phototherapy and liver transplantation, new effective therapeutic strategies are under development. Here, we review the clinical features, pathophysiology and genetic background of these inherited disorders of bilirubin metabolism and transport. We also discuss the upcoming treatment option of viral gene therapy for genetic disorders such as Crigler-Najjar syndrome and the possible immunological consequences of this therapy.
Topics: Animals; Crigler-Najjar Syndrome; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Gilbert Disease; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary; Jaundice; Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic; Liver
PubMed: 25315738
DOI: 10.1007/s12016-014-8454-7 -
NeoReviews Dec 2022
Topics: Infant; Humans; Jaundice
PubMed: 36450645
DOI: 10.1542/neo.23-12-e845 -
Pediatrics in Review Nov 2017
Review
Topics: Bilirubin; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice; Jaundice, Neonatal; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29093118
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2015-0132 -
Transfusion Nov 2014
Topics: Bilirubin; Blood Donors; Erythrocyte Transfusion; Female; Humans; Jaundice; Male
PubMed: 25385403
DOI: 10.1111/trf.12837