-
Archives of Toxicology Sep 2016This paper reviews high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) approaches using time-of-flight or Orbitrap techniques for research and application in various toxicology... (Review)
Review
This paper reviews high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) approaches using time-of-flight or Orbitrap techniques for research and application in various toxicology fields, particularly in clinical toxicology and forensic toxicology published since 2013 and referenced in PubMed. In the introduction, an overview on applications of HRMS in various toxicology fields is given with reference to current review articles. Papers concerning HRMS in metabolism, screening, and quantification of pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse, and toxins in human body samples are critically reviewed. Finally, a discussion on advantages as well as limitations and future perspectives of these methods is included.
Topics: Animals; Diffusion of Innovation; Forecasting; Forensic Toxicology; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Reproducibility of Results; Substance Abuse Detection; Toxicology
PubMed: 27369376
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1764-1 -
European Journal of Endocrinology Aug 2015The recent onslaught of mass spectrometry (MS) to measurements of steroid hormones, including demands that they should be the only acceptable method, has confused... (Review)
Review
The recent onslaught of mass spectrometry (MS) to measurements of steroid hormones, including demands that they should be the only acceptable method, has confused clinicians and scientists who have relied for more than 40 years on a variety of immunoassay (IA) methods in steroid hormone measurements. There is little doubt that MS methods with their superior specificity will be the future method of choice in many clinical and research applications of steroid hormone measurement. However, the majority of steroid measurements are currently, and will continue to be, carried out using various types of IAs for several reasons, including their technical ease, cost and availability of commercial reagents. Speedy replacement of all IAs with MS is an unrealistic and unnecessary goal, because the availability of MS measurements is limited by cost, need of expensive equipment, technical demands and lack of commercial applications. Furthermore, IAs have multiple well-known advantages that vindicate their continuing use. The purpose of this article is to elucidate the advantages and limitations of the MS and IA techniques from two angles, i.e. promotion of MS and defence of IA. The purpose of the text is to give the reader an unbiased view about the current state and future trends of steroid analysis and to help him/her choose the correct assay method to serve his/her diagnostic and research needs.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Hormones; Humans; Immunoassay; Mass Spectrometry; Steroids; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 25877990
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-15-0338 -
Journal of Separation Science Jul 2022The liquid extraction surface analysis technique is a new high-throughput instrument for ambient mass spectrometry. The benefits of the liquid extraction surface... (Review)
Review
The liquid extraction surface analysis technique is a new high-throughput instrument for ambient mass spectrometry. The benefits of the liquid extraction surface analysis-mass spectrometry approach are the high throughput screening of samples and the absence of sample preparation. liquid extraction surface analysis-mass spectrometry also consumes less solvent for extraction, making it more environmentally friendly and there is no substrate restriction. It utilizes advanced instrumentation like the use of robotic pipettes, nanoelectrospray systems, electronspray ionization chips which makes it highly efficient. In recent years, liquid extraction surface analysis-mass spectrometry has seen widespread use in a variety of analytical fields including drug metabolite analysis, mapping drug distribution in tissues, protein and lipid characterization, etc. In this review, we have summarized the basic working principles of the liquid extraction surface analysis-mass spectrometry approach in detail along with a detailed description of the recently reported applications in the analysis of proteins, lipids, drugs and foods. The investigated analytes along with detection methodologies and significant outcomes of various research reports have been presented with the help of tables. This tool has also been utilized in clinical investigations of biological fluids, fingerprint analysis and authentication of agarwood.
Topics: Mass Spectrometry; Proteins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
PubMed: 35579471
DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100996 -
Mass Spectrometry Reviews 2015Oxidative stress plays important roles in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Tyrosine nitration in a... (Review)
Review
Oxidative stress plays important roles in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Tyrosine nitration in a protein is a chemically stable oxidative modification, and a marker of oxidative injuries. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a key technique to identify nitrotyrosine-containing proteins and nitrotyrosine sites in endogenous and synthetic nitroproteins and nitropeptides. However, in vivo nitrotyrosine-containing proteins occur with extreme low-abundance to severely challenge the use of MS to identify in vivo nitroproteins and nitrotyrosine sites. A preferential enrichment of nitroproteins and/or nitropeptides is necessary before MS analysis. Current enrichment methods include immuno-affinity techniques, chemical derivation of the nitro group plus target isolations, followed with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. This article reviews the MS techniques and pertinent before-MS enrichment techniques for the identification of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins. This article reviews future trends in the field of nitroproteomics, including quantitative nitroproteomics, systems biological networks of nitroproteins, and structural biology study of tyrosine nitration to completely clarify the biological functions of tyrosine nitration.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Oxidative Stress; Proteins; Proteomics; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Systems Biology; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tyrosine
PubMed: 24318073
DOI: 10.1002/mas.21413 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2023Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient technique that allows chemical information to be obtained directly from a wide range of surfaces, without...
Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient technique that allows chemical information to be obtained directly from a wide range of surfaces, without pretreatment. Here we describe the improvements that have been developed to be able to achieve low tens of microns pixel size MSI experiments with high sensitivity for metabolites and lipids from biological tissue sections.In the last decade, DESI mass spectrometry has undergone developmental improvements, with regard to the method of desorption and ionization as well as the mass spectrometer to which the DESI source has been coupled to. DESI is becoming a mass spectrometry imaging technique, which can match and complement the currently most widely adopted ionization technique, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI).
Topics: Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Diagnostic Imaging
PubMed: 37410282
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3319-9_4 -
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews.... Sep 2017Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows the study of the spatial distribution of small molecules in biological samples. IMS is able to identify and quantify chemicals in... (Review)
Review
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows the study of the spatial distribution of small molecules in biological samples. IMS is able to identify and quantify chemicals in situ from whole tissue sections to single cells. Both vacuum mass spectrometry (MS) and ambient MS systems have advanced considerably over the last decade; however, some limitations are still hard to surmount. Sample pretreatment, matrix or solvent choices, and instrument improvement are the key factors that determine the successful application of IMS to different samples and analytes. IMS with innovative MS analyzers, powerful MS spectrum databases, and analysis tools can efficiently dereplicate, identify, and quantify natural products. Moreover, multimodal imaging systems and multiple MS-based systems provide additional structural, chemical, and morphological information and are applied as complementary tools to explore new fields. IMS has been applied to reveal interactions between living organisms at molecular level. Recently, IMS has helped solve many previously unidentifiable relations between bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and insects. Other significant interactions on the chemical level can also be resolved using expanding IMS techniques. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1387. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1387 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 28488813
DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1387 -
Clinica Chimica Acta; International... Oct 2015Mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (LC-MS and LC-MS/MS) is an analytical technique that has rapidly grown in popularity in clinical practice. In contrast... (Review)
Review
Mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (LC-MS and LC-MS/MS) is an analytical technique that has rapidly grown in popularity in clinical practice. In contrast to traditional technology, mass spectrometry is superior in many respects including resolution, specificity, multiplex capability and has the ability to measure analytes in various matrices. Despite these advantages, LC-MS/MS remains high cost, labor intensive and has limited throughput. This specialized technology requires highly trained personnel and therefore has largely been limited to large institutions, academic organizations and reference laboratories. Advances in automation will be paramount to break through this bottleneck and increase its appeal for routine use. This article reviews these challenges, shares perspectives on essential features for LC-MS/MS total automation and proposes a step-wise and incremental approach to achieve total automation through reducing human intervention, increasing throughput and eventually integrating the LC-MS/MS system into the automated clinical laboratory operations.
Topics: Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; Automation; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Reference Standards
PubMed: 26341893
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.08.027 -
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Dec 2021When studying viruses, the most prevalent aspects that come to mind are their structural and functional features, but this leaves in the shadows a quite universal... (Review)
Review
When studying viruses, the most prevalent aspects that come to mind are their structural and functional features, but this leaves in the shadows a quite universal characteristic: their mass. Even if approximations can be derived from size and density measurements, the multi MDa to GDa mass range, featuring a majority of viruses, has so far remained largely unexplored. Recently, nano-electromechanical resonator-based mass spectrometry (NEMS-MS) has demonstrated the ability to measure the mass of intact DNA filled viral capsids in excess of 100 MDa. However, multiple factors have to be taken in consideration when performing NEMS-MS measurements. In this article, phenomena influencing NEMS-MS mass estimates are listed and discussed, including some particle's extraneous physical properties (size, aspect ratio, stiffness), and the influence of frequency noise and device fabrication defects. These factors being accounted for, we could begin to notice subtler effects linked with (e.g.) particle desolvation as a function of operating parameters. Graphical abstract.
Topics: Calibration; Capsid; Equipment Design; Mass Spectrometry; Nanostructures; T-Phages; Virion
PubMed: 34235570
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03511-4 -
Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry... 2015We discuss the evolution of Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) from its birth in the late 1990s to its current role as one of the most prominent techniques for MS. The... (Review)
Review
We discuss the evolution of Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) from its birth in the late 1990s to its current role as one of the most prominent techniques for MS. The Orbitrap mass analyzer is the first high-performance mass analyzer that employs trapping of ions in electrostatic fields. Tight integration with the ion injection process enables the high-resolution, mass accuracy, and sensitivity that have become essential for addressing analytical needs in numerous areas of research, as well as in routine analysis. We examine three major families of instruments (related to the LTQ Orbitrap, Q Exactive, and Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometers) in the context of their historical development over the past ten eventful years. We discuss as well future trends and perspectives of Orbitrap MS. We illustrate the compelling potential of Orbitrap-based mass spectrometers as (ultra) high-resolution platforms, not only for high-end proteomic applications, but also for routine targeted analysis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Proteomics
PubMed: 26161972
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071114-040325 -
Annals of Clinical Biochemistry Jan 2016
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Clinical Laboratory Services; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 28075149
DOI: 10.1177/0004563215617892