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The American Journal of Medicine Aug 2022Medicine has separated the two cultures of biological science and social science in research, even though they are intimately connected in the lives of our patients. To... (Review)
Review
Medicine has separated the two cultures of biological science and social science in research, even though they are intimately connected in the lives of our patients. To understand the cause, progression, and treatment of long COVID , biology and biography, the patient's lived experience, must be studied together.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Medicine; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
PubMed: 35417745
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.020 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2023Paediatric urology is a subspeciality of urology, with close links to paediatric surgery. This review concludes that a holistic life-long approach to management in... (Review)
Review
Paediatric urology is a subspeciality of urology, with close links to paediatric surgery. This review concludes that a holistic life-long approach to management in highly specialised treatment centres is essential for many of the rare congenital conditions - in Denmark, paediatric urology is centralised to two institutions: Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen and Aarhus University Hospital in Aarhus. Other than performing basic urology in paediatric patients, both centres specialise in complex and rare urological conditions and thus have been accredited by the European Reference Network on rare diseases through the eUrogen collaboration. Patient populations have covered span from prenatal to childhood, transition and for some anomalies, even into adulthood.
Topics: Child; Humans; Urology; Specialization; Pediatrics
PubMed: 37057699
DOI: No ID Found -
Lakartidningen Feb 2018Substantial differences in valuation of lifestyle-related knowledge at Swedish medical schools Lifestyle factors are crucial for prevention and management of many...
Substantial differences in valuation of lifestyle-related knowledge at Swedish medical schools Lifestyle factors are crucial for prevention and management of many non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes, coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lifestyle medicine is included in national learning outcomes for undergraduate medical education in Sweden. Since assessment drives learning, we reviewed questions from 124 written examinations from all 7 medical schools in Sweden, conducted between 2012 and 2015. There is up to a 5-fold difference between different universities in the weight attached to lifestyle-related knowledge compared to knowledge related to pharmacological treatments.
Topics: Academic Performance; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Educational Measurement; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Life Style; Pharmacology; Preventive Medicine; Sweden
PubMed: 29437200
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2023
Topics: Humans; Anabolic Androgenic Steroids; Public Health
PubMed: 36896609
DOI: No ID Found -
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Oct 2020Internationally, there has been widespread medical use of cannabis medicines before rigorous evaluations in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Some advocates of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Internationally, there has been widespread medical use of cannabis medicines before rigorous evaluations in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Some advocates of medicinal use of cannabis argue that real-world evidence (RWE) can be a substitute for or at least supplement evidence from RCTs. We explore the utility, limitations and impact of RWE in the translation of cannabis medicines research into clinical practice using the established literature.
METHODS
A literature search was performed via Embase and Medline using a diverse range of cannabinoid and RWE search terms. The review provides a snapshot of cannabis medicine RWE initiatives from around the world.
RESULTS
Diverse and novel sources of real-world data and RWE include international cannabis registries, surveys, post-marketing data collection and use of electronic or digital health records. The strengths and limitations of using RWE in translational research are highlighted, along with the identification of barriers to RCTs involving cannabis medicines.
CONCLUSIONS
RWE promises to play a significant role in the evaluation of cannabis medicines around the world. When used appropriately RWE may complement RCT data by providing valuable insights into cannabis medicine safety and effectiveness.
TAKE HOME MESSAGES
It is important that real-world evidence (RWE) is used to complement rather than replace randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence on cannabis medicines. Technological advances have created the opportunity to explore diverse and novel sources of cannabis medicine RWE. Although RWE may be more reflective of real-world clinical practice, it cannot provide conclusive evidence of the safety and efficacy of cannabis medicines. While acknowledging its limitations, RWE may nonetheless provide some guidance on safety and adverse events of cannabis medicines. RWE has already had a significant impact on the regulation of cannabis medicines.
Topics: Chronic Pain; Drug Approval; Electronic Health Records; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Registries; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32281186
DOI: 10.1002/pds.4999 -
Health Affairs (Project Hope) May 2018Every human being has twenty-three chromosomes and thousands of genes. Precision medicine aims to assess risk and customize treatment for specific genetic variants and...
Every human being has twenty-three chromosomes and thousands of genes. Precision medicine aims to assess risk and customize treatment for specific genetic variants and disease characteristics associated with these human building blocks. Large databases of genetic information are needed to locate the best targets for specific therapies. This month's DataGraphic focuses on precision medicine's rapid growth in the past two decades in genetic tests and therapies and its successes in prolonging life and cutting some costs. It also highlights challenges ahead due to the high cost of therapies, the limited representation of racial and ethnic minorities in genetic databases, and uncertainty among professionals about how to apply genetic findings.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Databases, Factual; Female; Forecasting; Genetic Testing; Genetic Therapy; Genomics; Humans; Male; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 29733721
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0293 -
American Journal of Men's Health Jul 2017Precision medicine can greatly benefit men's health by helping to prevent, diagnose, and treat prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, infertility, hypogonadism,... (Review)
Review
Precision medicine can greatly benefit men's health by helping to prevent, diagnose, and treat prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, infertility, hypogonadism, and erectile dysfunction. For example, precision medicine can facilitate the selection of men at high risk for prostate cancer for targeted prostate-specific antigen screening and chemoprevention administration, as well as assist in identifying men who are resistant to medical therapy for prostatic hyperplasia, who may instead require surgery. Precision medicine-trained clinicians can also let couples know whether their specific cause of infertility should be bypassed by sperm extraction and in vitro fertilization to prevent abnormalities in their offspring. Though precision medicine's role in the management of hypogonadism has yet to be defined, it could be used to identify biomarkers associated with individual patients' responses to treatment so that appropriate therapy can be prescribed. Last, precision medicine can improve erectile dysfunction treatment by identifying genetic polymorphisms that regulate response to medical therapies and by aiding in the selection of patients for further cardiovascular disease screening.
Topics: Humans; Male; Men's Health; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 26186950
DOI: 10.1177/1557988315595693 -
Infectious Disease Clinics of North... Mar 2019Tropical medicine deals with infectious and noninfectious diseases geographically located between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. It encompasses diseases that... (Review)
Review
Tropical medicine deals with infectious and noninfectious diseases geographically located between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. It encompasses diseases that result from poverty, poor sanitation, infrastructure, and inadequate health resources. Lack of availability of clean water and food made with unhygienic practices add to the morbidity of these diseases. The tropics are reeling under the onslaught of climate change, deforestation, and air, water, and soil pollution, which worsens an already fragile health system. This article provides an overview of the definition, classification, geophysical problems, syndromic approach to common tropical infections, diagnostic challenges in the tropics, and access to medicines.
Topics: Climate Change; Communicable Diseases; Geography; Humans; Noncommunicable Diseases; Public Health; Tropical Medicine
PubMed: 30712755
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2018.10.011 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Family Practice; Exercise Test
PubMed: 36376034
DOI: 10.46747/cfp.6811793 -
Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio) Dec 2021Organoids are powerful systems to facilitate the study of individuals' disorders and personalized treatments. This emerging technology has improved the chance of... (Review)
Review
Organoids are powerful systems to facilitate the study of individuals' disorders and personalized treatments. This emerging technology has improved the chance of translatability of drugs for preclinical therapies and mimicking of the complexity of organs, proposing numerous approaches for human disease modeling, tissue engineering, drug development, diagnosis, and regenerative medicine. In this review, we outline the history of organoid technology and summarize its faithful applications, and then we discuss the challenges and limitations encountered by three-dimensional organoids. Finally, we propose that human organoids offer a basic mechanistic infrastructure for "human modeling" systems to prescribe personalized medicines.
Topics: Humans; Models, Biological; Organoids; Precision Medicine; Regenerative Medicine; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 33786925
DOI: 10.1002/stem.3379