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Cellular and Molecular Biology... Feb 2022This work was developed to explore the relationship between intestinal microflora composition and immune function changes in children with asthma and to provide...
This work was developed to explore the relationship between intestinal microflora composition and immune function changes in children with asthma and to provide theoretical references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Forty-eight children with asthma who received standardized treatment in the outpatient department of pediatric respiratory asthma in Children's Hospital were selected as the research objects, which were rolled into 24 cases of S0 group (complete control) and 24 cases of S1 group (incomplete control group). In addition, ten healthy children with general data matching the research objects were selected as a blank control (D0 group). The intestinal microbial composition and immune function indexes of each group were detected. The results showed that there were differences in the intestinal microbes of the three groups of children with Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, Oscillibacter, Bilophila, and f_Ruminococcaceae. Among them, the proportions of Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, and f_Ruminococcaceae in the intestinal microbes of the children in the S1 group were notably less than those in the S0 and D0 groups. The proportion of these three bacterial genera in the S0 group was also considerably smaller than that in the D0 group (P<0.05). In addition, the CD3+ levels of children in the S1 group were notably lower than those in the S0 and D0 groups, while the CD4+ and CD4+/CD3+ were higher than the S0 and D0 groups (P<0.05). The differences between CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD3+ in the S0 and D0 groups were not considerable (P<0.05). The proportions of Bifidobacterium, Megasphaera, f_Ruminococcaceae, and Parasutterella in children with intestinal microbes were significantly positively correlated with CD3+ levels (P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with CD4+ and CD4+/CD3+ levels (P<0.05). In short, children with different levels of asthma control had a certain degree of flora disorder and decreased immune function in the intestinal flora. The decrease in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, f_Ruminococcaceae of Firmicutes, and Parasutterella of Riken Bacteria, and the increase in the relative abundance of Oscillatoria meant the decline of the immune function of the children.
Topics: Asthma; Bacteria; Child; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Intestines
PubMed: 35869726
DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.2.11 -
PloS One 2022Premenstrual symptoms can negatively impact the quality of life of women through a range of mood, behavioral, and physical symptoms. The association between the...
PURPOSE
Premenstrual symptoms can negatively impact the quality of life of women through a range of mood, behavioral, and physical symptoms. The association between the microbiota and brain function has been extensively studied. Here, we examined the characteristics of the microbiota in women with premenstrual disorders (PMDs) and the association between premenstrual symptoms and the microbiota.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this single center cross-sectional pilot study, we recruited 27 women reporting premenstrual symptoms and 29 women with no serious premenstrual symptoms. Among them, we further selected 21 women experiencing premenstrual symptoms resulting in interference to their social life (PMDs group) and 22 women with no serious premenstrual symptoms and thereby no interference to their social life (control group). The severity of symptoms was evaluated by a premenstrual symptoms questionnaire (PSQ). Inflammatory markers were analyzed in blood samples, including C reactive protein, soluble CD14, and lipopolysaccharide binding protein. Sequencing of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes was performed on stool samples.
RESULTS
Inflammatory markers in blood samples did not differ significantly between the PMDs and control groups. A difference in beta, but not alpha diversity, was detected for the gut microbiotas of the PMDs and control groups. The relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum was lower in the PMDs group. At the genus level, the prevalence was decreased for Butyricicoccus, Extibacter, Megasphaera, and Parabacteroides and increased for Anaerotaenia in the PMDs group, but after false discovery rate correction, these differences were no longer significant. Linear discriminant effect size analysis revealed a decrease in Extibacter, Butyricicoccus, Megasphaera, and Parabacteroides and an increase in Anaerotaenia in the PMDs group. The PSQ total score correlated with Anaerotaenia, Extibacter, and Parabacteroides. Multiple regression analysis showed that Parabacteroides and Megasphaera negatively predicted the PSQ total score.
CONCLUSION
The properties of the gut microbiota are associated with premenstrual symptoms.
Topics: Bacteroidetes; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Pilot Projects; Premenstrual Syndrome; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35622782
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268466 -
ILAR Journal Dec 2020The microbiota is heavily involved in both health and disease pathogenesis, but defining a normal, healthy microbiota in the common marmoset has been challenging. The... (Review)
Review
The microbiota is heavily involved in both health and disease pathogenesis, but defining a normal, healthy microbiota in the common marmoset has been challenging. The aim of this review was to systematically review recent literature involving the gastrointestinal microbiome of common marmosets in health and disease. Twelve sources were included in this review. The gut microbiome composition was reviewed across institutions worldwide, and taxonomic shifts between healthy individuals were described. Unlike the human gut microbiome, which is dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, the marmoset gut microbiome shows great plasticity across institutions, with 5 different phyla described as dominant in different healthy cohorts. Genera shared across institutions include Anaerobiospirillum, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, Fusobacterium, Megamonas, Megasphaera, Phascolarctobacterium, and Prevotella. Shifts in the abundance of Prevotella or Bifidobacterium or invasion by pathogens like Clostridium perfringens may be associated with disease. Changes in microbial composition have been described in healthy and diseased marmosets, but factors influencing the severe changes in microbial composition have not been established. Multi-institutional, prospective, and longitudinal studies that utilize multiple testing methodologies are required to determine sources of variability in the reporting of marmoset microbiomes. Furthermore, methods of microbial manipulation, whether by diet, enrichment, fecal microbiome transplantation, etc, need to be established to modulate and maintain robust and resilient microbiome communities in marmoset colonies and reduce the incidence of idiopathic gastrointestinal disease.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Callithrix; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33620078
DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa025 -
Molecular Neurobiology Nov 2023Depression is one of the complications in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that leads to considerable mental health. Accumulating evidence suggests that...
Depression is one of the complications in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that leads to considerable mental health. Accumulating evidence suggests that human gut microbiomes are associated with the progression of PCOS and depression. However, whether microbiota influences depression development in PCOS patients is still uncharacterized. In this study, we employed metagenomic sequencing and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to profile the composition of the fecal microbiota and gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in depressed women with PCOS (PCOS-DP, n = 27) in comparison to mentally healthy women with PCOS (PCOS, n = 18) and compared with healthy control (HC, n = 27) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 29). Gut microbiota assessment revealed distinct patterns in the relative abundance in the PCOS-DP compared to HC, MDD, and PCOS groups. Several gut microbes exhibited uniquely and significantly higher abundance in the PCOS-DP compared to PCOS patients, inducing EC Ruminococcus torques, Coprococcus comes, Megasphaera elsdenii, Acidaminococcus intestini, and Barnesiella viscericola. Bacteroides eggerthii was a potential gut microbial biomarker for the PCOS-DP. RNA-seq profiling identified that 35 and 37 genes were significantly elevated and downregulated in the PCOS-DP, respectively. The enhanced differential expressed genes (DEGs) in the PCOS-DP were enriched in pathways involved in signal transduction and endocrine and metabolic diseases, whereas several lipid metabolism pathways were downregulated. Intriguingly, genes correlated with the gut microbiota were found to be significantly enriched in pathways of neurodegenerative diseases and the immune system, suggesting that changes in the microbiota may have a systemic impact on the expression of neurodegenerative diseases and immune genes. Gut microbe-related DEGs of CREB3L3 and CCDC173 were possible molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets of women with PCOS-DP. Our multi-omics data indicate shifts in the gut microbiome and host gene regulation in PCOS patients with depression, which is of possible etiological and diagnostic importance.
PubMed: 37995075
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03744-7 -
Medicine May 2023Probiotics are known to rebalance the gut microbiota in dysbiotic individuals, but their impact on the gut microbiome of healthy individuals is seldom studied. The... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Probiotics are known to rebalance the gut microbiota in dysbiotic individuals, but their impact on the gut microbiome of healthy individuals is seldom studied. The current study is designed to assess the impact and safety of Bacillus coagulans (Weizmannia coagulans) microbial type culture collection 5856 (LactoSpore®) supplementation on microbiota composition in healthy Indian adults.
METHODS
The study participants (N = 30) received either LactoSpore (2 billion colony-forming units/capsule) or placebo for 28 days. The general and digestive health were assessed through questionnaires and safety by monitoring adverse events. Taxonomic profiling of the fecal samples was carried out by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The bacterial persistence was enumerated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
Gut health, general health, and blood biochemical parameters remained normal in all the participants. No adverse events were reported during the study. Metataxonomic analysis revealed minimal changes to the gut microbiome of otherwise healthy subjects and balance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was maintained by LactoSpore. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria like Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Megasphaera, and Ruminococcus showed an increase in probiotic-supplemented individuals. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed highly variable numbers of B. coagulans in feces before and after the study.
CONCLUSION
The present study results suggest that LactoSpore is safe for consumption and does not alter the gut microbiome of healthy individuals. Minor changes in a few bacterial species may have a beneficial outcome in healthy individuals. The results reiterate the safety of B. coagulans microbial type culture collection 5856 as a dietary supplement and provide a rationale to explore its effect on gut microbiome composition in individuals with dysbiosis.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Bacillus coagulans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Healthy Volunteers; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Probiotics; Feces; Bacteria; Double-Blind Method
PubMed: 37335737
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033751 -
Experimental Dermatology Jan 2018Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting the face and eyes. An association between systemic comorbidities and rosacea has been reported, but the link to...
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting the face and eyes. An association between systemic comorbidities and rosacea has been reported, but the link to enteral microbiota is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the link between rosacea and enteral microbiota. A cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of Korean women who participated in a health check-up programme at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Health Screening Center between 23 June 2014 and 5 September 2014. The gut microbiome was evaluated by 16S rRNA gene and metagenome sequence analyses. A total of 12 rosacea patients and 251 controls were enrolled. We identified links between rosacea and several changes in gut microbiota: reduced abundance of Peptococcaceae family unknown genus, Methanobrevibacter (genus), Slackia (genus), Coprobacillus (genus), Citrobacter (genus), and Desulfovibrio (genus), and increased abundance of Acidaminococcus (genus), Megasphaera (genus), and Lactobacillales order unknown family unknown genus. A link between rosacea and enteral microbiota was observed in this metagenomic study. A large and elaborate study is needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
Topics: Acidaminococcus; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Citrobacter; Cross-Sectional Studies; Desulfovibrio; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inflammation; Megasphaera; Metagenome; Methanobrevibacter; Middle Aged; Peptococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Republic of Korea; Rosacea; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 28636759
DOI: 10.1111/exd.13398 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023Vaginal dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in the relative abundance of species in favor of other species. This condition facilitates infections by sexually...
Vaginal dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in the relative abundance of species in favor of other species. This condition facilitates infections by sexually transmitted pathogens including high risk (HR)-human papilloma viruses (HPVs) involved in the development of cervical cancer. Some vaginal dysbiosis bacteria contribute to the neoplastic progression by inducing chronic inflammation and directly activating molecular pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, SiHa cells, an HPV-16-transformed epithelial cell line, were exposed to different representative vaginal microbial communities. The expression of the HPV oncogenes and and the production of relative oncoproteins was evaluated. The results showed that and modulated the basal expression of the and genes of SiHa cells and the production of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Vaginal dysbiosis bacteria had contrasting effects on gene expression and protein production. The expression of the and genes and the production of the relative oncoproteins was increased by strains of and, to a lesser extent, by In contrast, decreased the expression of oncogenes and the production of the E7 protein. A decreased amount of p53 and pRb was found in the cultures of SiHa cells with , and accordingly, in the same cultures, a higher percentage of cells progressed to the S-phase of the cell cycle compared to the untreated or -stimulated cultures. These data confirm that represents the most protective component of the vaginal microbiota against neoplastic progression of HR-HPV infected cells, while and, to a lesser extent, may directly interfere in the oncogenic process, inducing or maintaining the production of viral oncoproteins.
Topics: Female; Humans; Human papillomavirus 16; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Papillomavirus Infections; Dysbiosis; Repressor Proteins; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; Oncogene Proteins, Viral; Bacteria; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 37108333
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087173 -
Scientific Reports May 2022This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Megasphaera elsdenii as direct fed microbials (DFM) in beef cattle finishing diets to alleviate...
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Megasphaera elsdenii as direct fed microbials (DFM) in beef cattle finishing diets to alleviate acute ruminal lactic acidosis in vitro. A dual-flow continuous culture system was used. Treatments were a Control, no DFM; YM1, S. cerevisiae and M. elsdenii strain 1; YM2, S. cerevisiae and M. elsdenii strain 2; and YMM, S. cerevisiae and half of the doses of M. elsdenii strain 1 and strain 2. Each DFM dose had a concentration of 1 × 10 CFU/mL. Four experimental periods lasted 11 days each. For the non-acidotic days (day 1-8), diet contained 50:50 forage to concentrate ratio. For the challenge days (day 9-11), diet contained 10:90 forage to concentrate ratio. Acute ruminal acidosis was successfully established. No differences in pH, D-, L-, or total lactate were observed among treatments. Propionic acid increased in treatments containing DFM. For N metabolism, the YMM treatment decreased protein degradation and microbial protein synthesis. No treatment effects were observed on NH-N concentration; however, efficiency of N utilization by ruminal bacteria was greater than 80% during the challenge period and NH-N concentration was reduced to approximately 2 mg/dL as the challenge progressed.
Topics: Acidosis; Animal Feed; Animals; Cattle; Diet; Fermentation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Megasphaera elsdenii; Rumen; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PubMed: 35562415
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11959-2 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023Over the past decade, the role of the gut microbiota in many disease states has gained a great deal of attention. Mounting evidence from case-control and observational... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Over the past decade, the role of the gut microbiota in many disease states has gained a great deal of attention. Mounting evidence from case-control and observational studies has linked changes in the gut microbiota to the pathophysiology of osteoporosis (OP). Nonetheless, the results of these studies contain discrepancies, leaving the literature without a consensus on osteoporosis-associated microbial signatures. Here, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis combining and reexamining five publicly available 16S rRNA partial sequence data sets to identify gut bacteria consistently associated with osteoporosis across different cohorts. After adjusting for the batch effect associated with technical variation and heterogeneity of studies, we observed a significant shift in the microbiota composition in the osteoporosis group. An increase in the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens , , and was observed in the OP group. Moreover, short-chain-fatty-acid (SCFA) producers, including members of the genera , , , , XIV, and , were depleted in the OP group relative to the healthy control (HC) group. Lactic acid-producing bacteria, including , were significantly increased in the OP group. The random forest algorithm further confirmed that these bacteria differentiate the two groups. Furthermore, functional prediction revealed depletion of the SCFA biosynthesis pathway (glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid [TCA] cycle, and Wood-Ljungdahl pathway) and amino acid biosynthesis pathway (methionine, histidine, and arginine) in the OP group relative to the HC group. This study uncovered OP-associated compositional and functional microbial alterations, providing robust insight into OP pathogenesis and aiding the possible development of a therapeutic intervention to manage the disease. Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease associated with aging. Mounting evidence has linked changes in the gut microbiota to the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. However, which microbes are associated with dysbiosis and their impact on bone density and inflammation remain largely unknown due to inconsistent results in the literature. Here, we present a meta-analysis with a standard workflow, robust statistical approaches, and machine learning algorithms to identify notable microbial compositional changes influencing osteoporosis.
Topics: Humans; Feces; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lactobacillales; Osteoporosis
PubMed: 37042756
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00322-23 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jan 2021Laminitis is a common and serve disease which caused by inflammation and pathological changes of the laminar junction. However, the pathologic mechanism remains unclear....
BACKGROUND
Laminitis is a common and serve disease which caused by inflammation and pathological changes of the laminar junction. However, the pathologic mechanism remains unclear. In this study we aimed to investigate changes of the gut microbiota and metabolomics in oligofructose-induced laminitis of horses.
RESULTS
Animals submitted to treatment with oligofructose had lower fecal pH but higher lactic acid, histamine, and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum. Meanwhile, oligofructose altered composition of the hindgut bacterial community, demonstrated by increasing relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Megasphaera. In addition, the metabolome analysis revealed that treatment with oligofructose decreased 84 metabolites while 53 metabolites increased, such as dihydrothymine, N3,N4-Dimethyl-L-arginine, 10E,12Z-Octadecadienoic acid, and asparagine. Pathway analysis revealed that aldosterone synthesis and secretion, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, steroid hormone biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and galactose metabolism were significantly different between healthy and laminitis horses. Furthermore, correlation analysis between gut microbiota and metabolites indicated that Lactobacillus and/or Megasphaera were positively associated with the dihydrothymine, N3,N4-Dimethyl-L-arginine, 10E,12Z-Octadecadienoic acid, and asparagine.
CONCLUSIONS
These results revealed that disturbance of gut microbiota and changes of metabolites were occurred during the development of equine laminitis, and these results may provide novel insights to detect biomarkers for a better understanding of the potential mechanism and prevention strategies for laminitis in horses.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Female; Foot Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Histamine; Hoof and Claw; Horse Diseases; Horses; Inflammation; Lactic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Metabolome; Oligosaccharides; Ultrasonography, Doppler
PubMed: 33407409
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02686-9