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Headache Jul 2017
Topics: Encephalocele; Female; Humans; Meningocele; Middle Aged; Sphenoid Sinus
PubMed: 28508543
DOI: 10.1111/head.13128 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Jul 2017The term meningocele manqué (MM) was coined in 1972 to describe a broad range of surgical findings characterized by intradural bands tethering neural structures to the... (Review)
Review
The term meningocele manqué (MM) was coined in 1972 to describe a broad range of surgical findings characterized by intradural bands tethering neural structures to the dorsal dura. Over the following decades, reports continued to lump intradural tethering bands associated with a variety of comorbidities under the umbrella term MM. In more recent years, disorders previously called MM have been identified as embryologically distinct and were reclassified. While this sectioning continues, there remains a set of intradural tethering disorders for which no better term than MM exists. Herein, we comprehensively review the literature surrounding MM, including embryological disorders, clinical, radiographic, and surgical presentation, as well as alternative classification methods and MM treatment.
Topics: Dura Mater; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Meningocele; Neural Tube Defects
PubMed: 28620735
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-017-3472-4 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Nov 2019The role of endonasal endoscopic approach for pathologies in the paediatric population is evolving and has still not been accepted as standard of care in neurosurgery....
OBJECTIVE
The role of endonasal endoscopic approach for pathologies in the paediatric population is evolving and has still not been accepted as standard of care in neurosurgery. It represents a challenge in terms of narrow access, instrument manipulation and adequate reconstruction of defects. We have described our experience in 49 cases from a single neurosurgical unit in paediatric skull base surgeries through this approach over the last 12 years.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A case series of 59 paediatric skull base surgeries in 49 children through endoscopic endonasal route over the last 12 years is presented. The age ranges from 4 months to 18 years. Out of 49 cases, 22 cases were of craniopharyngiomas, 8 cases of pituitary adenomas, 5 cases with CSF rhinorrhea, 5 cases with meningoencephalocele, 3 cases of Rathke's cleft cysts, 2 cases of odontoidectomy and 4 miscellaneous cases viz. mucocele, hypothalamic glioma, esthesioneuroblastoma and epidermoid. CSF leaks were repaired with free graft in the initial years and by vascularized flap more recently.
RESULTS
The goal of surgery was achieved in all but two cases in whom the tumour excision was unsatisfactory due to failure of the cyst wall to collapse after decompression. Extent of tumour excision was not compromised by the choice of this approach. Revision surgery for CSF leak was required in three patients. Local vascularized nasoseptal flap has been possible even in very young patients and has now become the standard for reconstruction.
CONCLUSION
In spite of the challenges posed by small nostrils and ill-developed sinuses in the paediatric age group, surgery from endoscopic endonasal corridor is possible to be carried out successfully in selected cases.
Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Central Nervous System Cysts; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea; Child; Child, Preschool; Craniopharyngioma; Encephalocele; Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory; Female; Glioma; Humans; Hypothalamic Neoplasms; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningocele; Mucocele; Nasal Cavity; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery; Neuroendoscopy; Odontoid Process; Pituitary Neoplasms; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skull Base; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 31079184
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04167-3 -
The spectrum of venous anomalies associated with atretic parietal cephaloceles: A literature review.Surgical Neurology International 2021Parietal atretic cephalocele (PAC) is a small, subscalp lesion with underlying extracranial meningeal, neural, and glial tissues. In this paper, we analyze the related... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Parietal atretic cephalocele (PAC) is a small, subscalp lesion with underlying extracranial meningeal, neural, and glial tissues. In this paper, we analyze the related literature on the continuum of PAC-associated venous anomalies and report an exemplary case.
METHODS
The PubMed Medline database was searched using the following search algorithm: (Atretic encephalocele) OR (Rudimentary meningocele,) OR (Atypical meningocele) OR (Meningocele manqué) OR (Meningeal heterotopia). Only papers detailing the venous anomalies associated with PACs have been included.
RESULTS
A total of 30 papers in our search documented PAC-associated venous abnormalities. The overall number of cases reported was 68 (including our exemplary case). The most frequently identified associated venous anomaly was the presence of a "fenestrated superior sagittal sinus" recorded in 48.5% of cases ( = 33), followed closely by "persistent falcine sinus" in 47% ( = 32) and vertical embryonic positioning of the straight sinus (SS) in 44% ( = 30). The complete absence of a SS was reported in 39.7% ( = 27) and various anomalies of the Galenic system were reported in 26.8% of cases ( = 12).
CONCLUSION
Although benign in nature, PACs are often a marker for the presence of complex and variable cerebral venous malformations, requiring extensive preoperative imaging workup for both the superficial and deep venous systems to obtain an accurate understanding of the anatomy of the venous system and guide surgical planning.
PubMed: 34345467
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_943_2020 -
Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No... Aug 2023Currarino syndrome is characterized by a triad of anorectal malformations, sacral defects, and presacral masses. Although it is not extremely rare, this report presents...
Currarino syndrome is characterized by a triad of anorectal malformations, sacral defects, and presacral masses. Although it is not extremely rare, this report presents a surgical case of Currarino syndrome with syringomyelia and discusses related literature. The patient is a girl, aged 2 years and 2 months, who presented with marked constipation, chronic cystitis, and lower limb weakness. After examining the patient through magnetic resonance imaging, we diagnosed her with rectal compression due to meningocele and syringomyelia. The base of the meningocele was detached, and the spinal cord was untethered. One week after surgery, her lower limb weakness and constipation improved. Following up on symptoms and performing imaging is essential to determine a treatment plan for Currarino syndrome. (Received 28 February, 2023; Accepted 22 March, 2023; Published 1 August, 2023).
Topics: Humans; Female; Syringomyelia; Meningocele; Rectum; Constipation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Muscle Weakness
PubMed: 37537744
DOI: 10.11477/mf.1416202452 -
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires Mar 2018Type 1 neurofibromatosis, also called "Recklinghausen's disease" is among the most frequent autosomal dominant genetic disorders, with an incidence of 1:3500 births. It...
INTRODUCTION
Type 1 neurofibromatosis, also called "Recklinghausen's disease" is among the most frequent autosomal dominant genetic disorders, with an incidence of 1:3500 births. It mainly affects the skin and peripheral nervous system. However, in its less frequent manifestations, are tumors such as meningocele and skeletal dysplasias leading to severe clinical presentation.
CASE REPORT
We report the case of a 55-year-old patient with type 1 neurofibromatosis and dyspnea due to a large left thoracic meningocele combined with a significant kyphoscoliosis, causing a severe restrictive ventilatory defect, complicated by chronic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension. Symptomatic treatment with non-invasive ventilation permitted an improvement of the clinical situation.
CONCLUSIONS
Our observation shows the complexity of the therapeutic support of the neurofibromatosis of type 1. The contribution of non-invasive ventilation was illustrated by the arterial blood gas and clinical improvements as well as improved quality of life, with an acceptable level of inconvenience to the patient.
Topics: Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Meningocele; Middle Aged; Neurofibromatosis 1; Radiography, Thoracic; Respiratory Insufficiency; Thoracic Diseases
PubMed: 29602482
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.10.662 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Jun 2016Lateral temporal encephalocele is an extremely rare clinical condition, with only 18 cases presented in the literature to date. No review articles have examined lateral... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Lateral temporal encephalocele is an extremely rare clinical condition, with only 18 cases presented in the literature to date. No review articles have examined lateral temporal encephalocele in depth. We therefore reviewed past cases of lateral encephalocele to clarify the clinical characteristics of this extremely rare deformity. We also present a case of lateral encephalocele with arachnoid cyst which has never been reported in past reports.
METHODS
We identified 8 reports describing 18 cases of lateral temporal encephalocele. We therefore reviewed 19 cases of lateral temporal encephalocele, including our own experience, and discussed the clinical characteristics of this pathology.
RESULTS
All the cases with lateral temporal encephalocele were detected at birth except for an occult case. The majority occurred at the pterion, and occurrence at the asterion appears much rarer. Due to the preference for the pterion, the ipsilateral orbital wall was also distorted in some cases. Lateral temporal encephalocele seems to have fewer associated malformations: only 3 cases of lateral temporal encephalocele had associated malformations, including our case which was associated with intracranial arachnoid cyst. The only case of lateral temporal encephalocele to have shown hydrocephalus was our own case. Patients with this deformity have relatively good prognoses: only 3 of the 19 cases showed delayed psychomotor development during follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Provision of adequate treatment is likely to achieve a good prognosis in patients with lateral temporal encephalocele, so we should keep in mind this deformity when encountering pediatric patients with mass lesions on the temporal cranium.
Topics: Adult; Encephalocele; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningocele; Pregnancy; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 27041373
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-016-3076-4 -
Current Medical Imaging 2023The present study aimed to improve the diagnosis and treatment outcome of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea caused by patent meningoencephalocele of Sternberg's canal... (Review)
Review
Analysis of the Causes and Experience in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Meningocele Caused by Sternberg's Canal of the Sphenoid Sinus: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.
OBJECTIVE
The present study aimed to improve the diagnosis and treatment outcome of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea caused by patent meningoencephalocele of Sternberg's canal of the sphenoid sinus by analyzing the clinical data and imaging features of two rare cases of this disease and by reviewing the relevant literature for possible etiology, diagnoses, and treatments.
METHODS
Together with the relevant literature, we retrospectively studied the clinical and imaging data of two patients (mother and child) with CSF rhinorrhea caused by patent meningoencephalocele of Sternberg's canal of the sphenoid sinus, analyzed their diagnostic and treatment procedures, and proposed a potential, feasible treatment method.
RESULTS
On the 2 day after surgery, the expansive sponge and iodoform gauze in the nasal cavity were removed in both patients, and the lumbar subarachnoid drainage was removed 3 days after the operation, as no nasal discharge was observed. One week after the operation, head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the abnormal tissue in the sphenoid sinus had disappeared, and no accumulation of the CSF was observed. Both patients were discharged after 2 weeks. At the time of discharge, both patients were without nasal drip, fever, headache, and other discomforts, and they had grade 5 muscle strength in their extremities, with normal muscle tension.
CONCLUSION
CSF rhinorrhea is usually caused by secondary factors. Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea caused by encephalocele of the skull base due to congenital dysplasia of the skull base is very rare and easily misdiagnosed. The presence of brain tissue or CSF signal in the sphenoid sinus on preoperative MR images is an important imaging feature of the disease. Conditional cisternography can be used to further detect CSF leaks. Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal repair of CSF leaks combined with short-term postoperative lumbar subarachnoid drainage is an effective treatment method. According to previous literature, the possible causes of meningoencephalocele with patent Sternberg's canal of the sphenoid sinus include abnormal development of the sphenoid sinus or the craniopharyngeal canal and bone defects of the skull base. There are no related reports on patent meningoencephalocele caused by Sternberg's canal in direct blood relatives, such as mother-son; therefore, the possibility of this disease having a genetic origin should be considered in future studies on its pathophysiological mechanisms.
Topics: Child; Humans; Meningocele; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea; Sphenoid Sinus; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Encephalocele
PubMed: 36748216
DOI: 10.2174/1573405619666230206103036 -
Surgical Neurology International 2020Orbital meningocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by herniation of the meninges into the orbit through a congenital defect in the orbital bones. Much...
BACKGROUND
Orbital meningocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by herniation of the meninges into the orbit through a congenital defect in the orbital bones. Much less commonly, it occurs at the site of natural openings (e.g., optic foramen and sphenoidal fissure) or can be attributed to trauma.
CASES DESCRIPTION
We report two patients with progressive proptosis found to have orbital meningoceles, respectively, attributed to congenital and traumatic lesions. The computed tomography scan in one case documented a traumatic orbital bony defect, but in the other case, led the mistaken diagnosis of an arachnoid cyst.
CONCLUSION
Both patients underwent two operations each to ultimately achieve successful surgical correction of their respective traumatic and congenital orbital meningoceles.
PubMed: 32494394
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_148_2020 -
Maedica Sep 2021Cephaloceles are the neural tube defects occurring at a rate of one per 5 000 live births worldwide. It indicates herniation of meninges or meninges with brain tissue...
Cephaloceles are the neural tube defects occurring at a rate of one per 5 000 live births worldwide. It indicates herniation of meninges or meninges with brain tissue through defect in the cranium. We describe an interesting case report of a one-day old male neonate with giant occipital meningocele with aplasia of occipital bone. This is the first case with a history of consanguinity reported in the literature so far. The size of the meningocele sac was greater than the that of the head. A plain computed tomography of the brain showed a 136 mm x 129 mm well defined cerebrospinal fluid attenuated hypodense lesion herniating through calvaria defect on occipital region, with no neural elements, suggestive of giant occipital meningocele. All efforts should be made to diagnose cranial or spinal dysraphism during antenatal screening meticulously following a careful history taking, clinical examination and ultrasonography scan in the first trimester, followed by folic acid supplementation, mandatory through legislation.
PubMed: 34925615
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2020.16.3.534