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Archives of Women's Mental Health Feb 2017This article describes periodic monthly psychoses that develop during the early months of pregnancy. It is probable that these are a variety of menstrual psychosis.
This article describes periodic monthly psychoses that develop during the early months of pregnancy. It is probable that these are a variety of menstrual psychosis.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hysteria; Menstrual Cycle; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 27722950
DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0678-5 -
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology... Aug 2021While age-related changes in menstrual cycle length are well known, it is unclear whether anti-Müllerian (AMH) or other ovarian reserve biomarkers have a direct...
CONTEXT
While age-related changes in menstrual cycle length are well known, it is unclear whether anti-Müllerian (AMH) or other ovarian reserve biomarkers have a direct association with cycle length.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the association between biomarkers of ovarian reserve and menstrual cycle length.
METHODS
Secondary analysis using data from time to conceive (TTC), a prospective time to pregnancy cohort study. The age-independent association between cycle length and biomarkers of ovarian reserve was analyzed using linear mixed and marginal models. Study participants were TTC-enrolled women aged 30-44 years with no history of infertility who were attempting to conceive for <3 months were enrolled. Serum AMH, follicle-stimulating hormone, and inhibin B levels were measured on cycle day 2, 3, or 4. Participants recorded daily menstrual cycle data for ≤4 months. The primary outcome was menstrual cycle length; follicular and luteal phase lengths were secondary outcomes.
RESULTS
Multivariable analysis included 1880 cycles from 632 women. Compared with AMH levels of 1.6 to 3.4 ng/mL, women with AMH <1.6 ng/mL had cycles and follicular phases that were 0.98 (95% CI -1.46, -0.50) and 1.58 days shorter (95% CI -2.53, -0.63), respectively, while women with AMH >8 ng/mL had cycles that were 2.15 days longer (95% CI 1.46, 2.83), follicular phases that were 2 days longer (95% CI 0.77, 3.24), and luteal phases that were 1.80 days longer (95% CI 0.71, 2.88).
CONCLUSION
Increasing AMH levels are associated with longer menstrual cycles due to both a lengthening of the follicular and the luteal phase independent of age.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Mullerian Hormone; Biomarkers; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Inhibins; Menstrual Cycle; Ovarian Reserve; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33772306
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab204 -
Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare :... Jun 2024The research gap regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in people who were assigned female at birth has led to a lack of knowledge and adequate...
BACKGROUND
The research gap regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in people who were assigned female at birth has led to a lack of knowledge and adequate approaches in clinical practice, as well as diagnosis processes. Recent studies report potential associations between reproductive hormones and ADHD, but existing research remains scarce.
AIM
This study aims to explore the experiences of people who perceive an association between their menstrual cycle and their ADHD symptoms.
METHODOLOGY
Design and Method. A qualitative research design with an inductive approach was used. Ten participants were interviewed, using semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The data was transcribed, coded, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke.
RESULTS
Findings show participant's perceived associations between their ADHD and their menstrual cycle: participants reported experiencing ADHD symptom mor severe during the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Other results showed uncertainty around ADHD medication in relation to the cycle and varied experiences with health care encounters as well as heightened challenged around menstrual health management.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides insights to how perceived associations between ADHD and the menstrual cycle might be experienced. This report highlights the need for further research and theory about the potential associations between ADHD and reproductive hormones. The researchers strongly suggested that forthcoming ADHD studies consider times of key hormonal changes, such as puberty and menarche, menopause, hormonal birth control, pregnancy, hormone treatment, and more.
Topics: Humans; Female; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Qualitative Research; Adult; Menstrual Cycle; Young Adult; Interviews as Topic
PubMed: 38678676
DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2024.100975 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology... Oct 2014To provide a Canadian consensus document for health care providers with recommendations for menstrual suppression in patients with physical and/or cognitive challenges... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide a Canadian consensus document for health care providers with recommendations for menstrual suppression in patients with physical and/or cognitive challenges or those who are undergoing cancer treatment in whom menstruation may have a deleterious effect on their health.
OPTIONS
This document reviews the options available for menstrual suppression, its specific indications, contraindications, and side effects, both immediate and long-term, and the investigations and monitoring necessary throughout suppression.
OUTCOMES
Clinicians will be better informed about the options and indications for menstrual suppression in patients with cognitive and/or physical disabilities and patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, or other treatments for cancer.
EVIDENCE
Published literature was retrieved through searches of Medline, EMBASE, OVID, and the Cochrane Library using appropriate controlled vocabulary and key words (heavy menstrual bleeding, menstrual suppression, chemotherapy/radiation, cognitive disability, physical disability, learning disability). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, observation studies, and pilot studies. There were no language or date restrictions. Searches were updated on a regular basis and new material was incorporated into the guideline until September 2013. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies.
VALUES
The quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1).
BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS
There is a need for specific guidelines on menstrual suppression in at-risk populations for health care providers. Recommendations 1. Menstrual suppression and therapeutic amenorrhea should be considered safe and viable options for women who need or want to have fewer or no menses. (II-2A) 2. Menstrual suppression should not be initiated in young women with developmental disabilities until after the onset of menses. (II-2B) 3. Combined hormonal or progesterone-only products can be used in an extended or continuous manner to obtain menstrual suppression. (I-A) 4. Gynaecologic consultation should be considered prior to the initiation of treatment in all premenopausal women at risk for abnormal uterine bleeding from chemotherapy. (II-1A) 5. Leuprolide acetate or combined hormonal contraception should be considered highly effective in preventing abnormal uterine bleeding when initiated prior to cancer treatment in premenopausal women at risk for thrombocytopenia. (II-2A).
Topics: Canada; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 25375306
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30442-4 -
European Journal of Pain (London,... Nov 2015Reproductive hormones are implicated in moderating pain. Animal studies support both pronociceptive and antinociceptive actions of oestradiol and progesterone suggesting... (Review)
Review
Reproductive hormones are implicated in moderating pain. Animal studies support both pronociceptive and antinociceptive actions of oestradiol and progesterone suggesting that the net effect of these hormones on pain is complex and likely depends on the interaction between hormones and the extent of fluctuation rather than absolute hormone levels. Several clinical pain conditions show variation in symptom severity across the menstrual cycle. Though, there is still no consensus on whether the menstrual cycle influences experimental pain sensitivity in healthy individuals. Comprehensive literature searches on clinical and experimental pain across the menstrual cycle, as well as gonadal hormones and pain were performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. Full-text manuscripts were reviewed for relevancy and reference lists were cross-checked for additional relevant studies. Most of the more recent, well-controlled studies show that menstrual cycle phase has no effect on the perception of pain in healthy, pain-free women. Although recent studies investigating pain-related brain activation have shown differential activation patterns across the menstrual cycle in regions involved with cognitive and motor function, even in the absence of a behavioural pain response, suggesting that cognitive pain and bodily awareness systems are sensitive to menstrual cycle phase. The interaction between the gonadal hormones and pain perception is intricate and not entirely understood. We suggest further investigations on the association between female reproductive hormones and pain sensitivity by exploring the interaction between clinical and experimental pain and the hormone changes that characterize puberty, post-partum and the menopause transition.
Topics: Female; Gonadal Hormones; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Pain Perception
PubMed: 25899177
DOI: 10.1002/ejp.714 -
Archives of Women's Mental Health Aug 2021Research examining relations between menstrual cycle phase and female addictive behaviors is accumulating. Theories suggest addictive behaviors may increase during... (Review)
Review
Research examining relations between menstrual cycle phase and female addictive behaviors is accumulating. Theories suggest addictive behaviors may increase during specific phases of the menstrual cycle resulting from cyclical fluctuations in hormones and affect. In line with self-medication theory, we predicted that addictive behaviors would increase premenstrually and menstrually, phases marked by elevations in negative affect, relative to the follicular and luteal phases. We also hypothesized, coinciding with reward-sensitivity theory, that addictive behaviors may increase during ovulation, a phase characterized by increased positive affect, compared to the same phases. This systematic review summarizes extant literature examining the menstrual cycle phase-addictive behavior relationship and underlying motivations. Articles pertaining to menstrual cycle phase and addictive behaviors within the PsycINFO, CINAL, and PubMED databases were screened to determine eligibility following PRISMA guidelines (n = 1568). Thirty-four articles examining alcohol use, cannabis use, nicotine use, caffeine use, and gambling behavior across menstrual cycle phase met inclusion criteria. Consistent with self-medication theory, strong evidence indicated that nicotine use increased premenstrually and menstrually. Other factors increasing both nicotine and alcohol use premenstrually and menstrually include having a premenstrual dysphoric disorder diagnosis or having premenstrual syndrome. Motivations for using alcohol and nicotine may too vary by menstrual cycle phase. Results were less consistent or understudied for other addictive behaviors and thus conclusions cannot be drawn. Menstrual cycle phase appears to be a female-specific factor affecting some addictive behaviors, particularly nicotine use, and should be considered when conducting addictive behavior research or clinical interventions for reproductive-aged females with addictive disorders.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Behavior, Addictive; Female; Humans; Luteal Phase; Menstrual Cycle; Premenstrual Syndrome
PubMed: 33404701
DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01094-0 -
Missouri Medicine 2015Sleep in women differs in many respects from that of men. In general, women appear to report a greater need for sleep and more subjective complaints of non-refreshing... (Review)
Review
Sleep in women differs in many respects from that of men. In general, women appear to report a greater need for sleep and more subjective complaints of non-refreshing sleep than men. Sleep in women is affected at least partially by hormonal factors, with women typically suffering from sleep disturbance in connection with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause Menstrual cycles are associated with prominent changes in reproductive hormones that may influence sleep. Sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome may be aggravated by pregnancy. Women may also develop insomnia during pregnancy, childbirth and menopause.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Menopause; Menstrual Cycle; Pregnancy; Puberty; Sleep; Women's Health
PubMed: 26821442
DOI: No ID Found -
American Family Physician Aug 2021
Topics: Disease Management; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances
PubMed: 34383457
DOI: No ID Found -
Annual International Conference of the... Jul 2022Menstruation is a finely-controlled cycle that responds to the prevailing endocrine and paracrine environment. However, social stigma has led to inadequate menstrual...
Menstruation is a finely-controlled cycle that responds to the prevailing endocrine and paracrine environment. However, social stigma has led to inadequate menstrual literacy, both among academics and the larger public. The poorly understood mechanisms of menstruation ultimately lead to suboptimal healthcare treatment and services for biological females, culminating in a physical, financial, and emotional burden. Various hormones signal the beginning and end of each stage of menstruation. In particular, luteinizing hormone (LH) is a major player in ovulation, corpus luteum function, and the stimulation of other key hormones. A LH model could be used to understand the larger control system of menstruation if analyzed in conjunction with models for other major hormones (e.g., FSH, progesterone, and GnRH). Thus, exploring a smaller subsection of LH dynamics within the larger control system of menstruation can lead to a greater understanding of menstruation, contributing towards therapeutics and research for women's health. Using parameters and kinetic equations in the existing body of literature, a transfer function was derived to model LH dynamics. Analysis of system stability reveals overdamped dynamics in LH sensitization at baseline, and underdamped mildly resonant dynamics at the peak of the menstrual cycle, the strength of which depends on the values of the rate constants of LH receptor formation, binding, and desensitization.
Topics: Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation
PubMed: 36086664
DOI: 10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871940 -
Sleep Medicine Apr 2015This study aimed to assess the temporal relationship of subjective sleep quality to menstrual cycle phase in a community (non help-seeking) sample of adult women over...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the temporal relationship of subjective sleep quality to menstrual cycle phase in a community (non help-seeking) sample of adult women over six months. Previous work has produced contradictory results and often used student samples.
PATIENTS/METHODS
This was a cohort study, using daily electronic data collection in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada; 76 women aged 18-42 years recruited by random digit telephone dialing, recorded mood, sleep quality, and other health variables on a daily basis for 24 weeks.
RESULTS
Using linear mixed models, we assessed the relationship between subjective sleep quality and three menstrual cycle phases (menses, premenstrual and midcycle) over 395 cycles. Premenstrual sleep quality was poorer than during the rest of the cycle, with a mean difference of 1.32 between premenstrual and midcycle reference phase, on a 1-100 quality scale (higher score denotes poorer quality). This difference held when the independent variables of daily exercise and physical health were added to the model; it became non-significant when perceived stress and later, social support were also added to the model.
CONCLUSIONS
Sleep quality in adult non-help seeking women is statistically poorer in the premenstruum but the size of the difference is of little clinical significance and was no longer statistically significant with inclusion of the potentially confounding variables, perceived stress and social support.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation; Sleep; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 25747332
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.12.001