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Current Opinion in Plant Biology Oct 2017As indispensable protein cofactors, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn are at the center of multifaceted acclimation mechanisms that have evolved to ensure extracellular supply meets... (Review)
Review
As indispensable protein cofactors, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn are at the center of multifaceted acclimation mechanisms that have evolved to ensure extracellular supply meets intracellular demand. Starting with selective transport at the plasma membrane and ending in protein metalation, metal homeostasis in algae involves regulated trafficking of metal ions across membranes, intracellular compartmentalization by proteins and organelles, and metal-sparing/recycling mechanisms to optimize metal-use efficiency. Overlaid on these processes are additional circuits that respond to the metabolic state as well as to the prior metal status of the cell. In this review, we focus on recent progress made toward understanding the pathways by which the single-celled, green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii controls its cellular trace metal economy. We also compare these mechanisms to characterized and putative processes in other algal lineages. Photosynthetic microbes continue to provide insight into cellular regulation and handling of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn as a function of the nutritional supply and cellular demand for metal cofactors. New experimental tools such as RNA-Seq and subcellular metal imaging are bringing us closer to a molecular understanding of acclimation to supply dynamics in algae and beyond.
Topics: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Metals, Heavy
PubMed: 28672168
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.06.005 -
Biosensors Nov 2020Biosensors are the core elements for obtaining significant physiological information from living organisms. To better sense life information, flexible biosensors and... (Review)
Review
Biosensors are the core elements for obtaining significant physiological information from living organisms. To better sense life information, flexible biosensors and implantable sensors that are highly compatible with organisms are favored by researchers. Moreover, materials for preparing a new generation of flexible sensors have also received attention. Liquid metal is a liquid-state metallic material with a low melting point at or around room temperature. Owing to its high electrical conductivity, low toxicity, and superior fluidity, liquid metal is emerging as a highly desirable candidate in biosensors. This paper is dedicated to reviewing state-of-the-art applications in biosensors that are expounded from seven aspects, including pressure sensor, strain sensor, gas sensor, temperature sensor, electrical sensor, optical sensor, and multifunctional sensor, respectively. The fundamental scientific and technological challenges lying behind these recommendations are outlined. Finally, the perspective of liquid metal-based biosensors is present, which stimulates the upcoming design of biosensors.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Equipment Design; Metals; Prostheses and Implants; Wearable Electronic Devices
PubMed: 33182535
DOI: 10.3390/bios10110170 -
Chemical Reviews Dec 2021The functions, purposes, and roles of metallothioneins have been the subject of speculations since the discovery of the protein over 60 years ago. This article guides...
The functions, purposes, and roles of metallothioneins have been the subject of speculations since the discovery of the protein over 60 years ago. This article guides through the history of investigations and resolves multiple contentions by providing new interpretations of the structure-stability-function relationship. It challenges the dogma that the biologically relevant structure of the mammalian proteins is only the one determined by X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. The terms metallothionein and thionein are ambiguous and insufficient to understand biological function. The proteins need to be seen in their biological context, which limits and defines the chemistry possible. They exist in multiple forms with different degrees of metalation and types of metal ions. The homoleptic thiolate coordination of mammalian metallothioneins is important for their molecular mechanism. It endows the proteins with redox activity and a specific pH dependence of their metal affinities. The proteins, therefore, also exist in different redox states of the sulfur donor ligands. Their coordination dynamics allows a vast conformational landscape for interactions with other proteins and ligands. Many fundamental signal transduction pathways regulate the expression of the dozen of human metallothionein genes. Recent advances in understanding the control of cellular zinc and copper homeostasis are the foundation for suggesting that mammalian metallothioneins provide a highly dynamic, regulated, and uniquely biological metal buffer to control the availability, fluctuations, and signaling transients of the most competitive Zn(II) and Cu(I) ions in cellular space and time.
Topics: Animals; Chemistry, Bioinorganic; Humans; Mammals; Metallothionein; Metals; Zinc
PubMed: 34652893
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00371 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Apr 2019Metal nanoarchitectures fabrication based on DNA assembly has attracted a good deal of attention. DNA nanotechnology enables precise organization of nanoscale objects... (Review)
Review
Metal nanoarchitectures fabrication based on DNA assembly has attracted a good deal of attention. DNA nanotechnology enables precise organization of nanoscale objects with extraordinary structural programmability. The spatial addressability of DNA nanostructures and sequence-dependent recognition allow functional elements to be precisely positioned; thus, novel functional materials that are difficult to produce using conventional methods could be fabricated. This review focuses on the recent development of the fabrication strategies toward manipulating the shape and morphology of metal nanoparticles and nanoassemblies based on the rational design of DNA structures. DNA-mediated metallization, including DNA-templated conductive nanowire fabrication and sequence-selective metal deposition, etc., is briefly introduced. The modifications of metal nanoparticles (NPs) with DNA and subsequent construction of heterogeneous metal nanoarchitectures are highlighted. Importantly, DNA-assembled dynamic metal nanostructures that are responsive to different stimuli are also discussed as they allow the design of smart and dynamic materials. Meanwhile, the prospects and challenges of these shape-and morphology-controlled strategies are summarized.
Topics: DNA; Metal Nanoparticles; Metals; Nanostructures; Nanotechnology; Surface Plasmon Resonance
PubMed: 30480424
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16194 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jul 2015Allergic contact hypersensitivity to metal allergens is a common health concern worldwide, greatly impacting affected individuals with regard to both quality of life and... (Review)
Review
Allergic contact hypersensitivity to metal allergens is a common health concern worldwide, greatly impacting affected individuals with regard to both quality of life and their ability to work. With an estimated 15-20 % of the Western population hypersensitive to at least one metal allergen, sensitization rates for metallic haptens by far outnumber those reported for other common triggers of allergic contact dermatitis such as fragrances and rubber. Unfortunately, the prevalence of metal-induced hypersensitivity remains high despite extensive legislative efforts to ban/reduce the content of allergy-causing metals in recreational and occupational products. Recently, much progress has been made regarding the perception mechanisms underlying the inflammatory responses to this unique group of contact allergens. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of this enigmatic disease. Particular emphasis is put on the mechanisms of innate immune activation and T cell activation by common metal allergens such as nickel, cobalt, palladium, and chromate.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Metals; Models, Immunological; Skin
PubMed: 26053629
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.12673 -
Journal of the American Chemical Society Oct 2022This study provides atomistic insights into the interface between a single-site catalyst and a transition metal chalcogenide support and reveals that peak catalytic...
This study provides atomistic insights into the interface between a single-site catalyst and a transition metal chalcogenide support and reveals that peak catalytic activity occurs when edge/support redox cooperativity is maximized. A molecular platform MCoSe(PEt)(L) (-M, M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn) was designed in which the active site (M)/support (CoSe) interactions are interrogated by systematically probing the electronic and structural changes that occur as the identity of the metal varies. All 3d transition metal -M clusters display remarkable catalytic activity for coupling tosyl azide and -butyl isocyanide, with Mn and Co derivatives showing the fastest turnover in the series. Structural, electronic, and magnetic characterization of the clusters was performed using single crystal X-ray diffraction, H and P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and computational methods. Distinct metal/support redox regimes can be accessed in -M based on the energy of the edge metal's frontier orbitals with respect to those of the cluster support. As the degree of electronic interaction between the edge and the support increases, a cooperative regime is reached wherein the support can deliver electrons to the catalytic site, increasing the reactivity of key metal-nitrenoid intermediates.
Topics: Azides; Ligands; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metals; Models, Molecular; Transition Elements
PubMed: 36170652
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07033 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2021
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Coordination Complexes; DNA, Neoplasm; Homeostasis; Humans; Metals, Heavy; Neoplasms
PubMed: 33443001
DOI: 10.2174/156802662101201211094545 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Sep 2018Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis is a new detection technique developed in recent years, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, low background signal and... (Review)
Review
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis is a new detection technique developed in recent years, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, low background signal and desirable selectivity, obtaining the great progress in sensing applications. Semiconductor nanomaterials with excellent photoelectric activity have played a vital role in the construction of PEC sensing platform. Thus, this Review introduces the recent advances of semiconductor nanomaterials-based PEC analysis, and describes the typical PEC sensing strategies. Some representative nanomaterials, including metallic oxides, metallic sulfides, graphitic carbon nitride, transition-metal dichalcogenides and quantum dots, are summarized for advanced PEC devices, as well as their applications in nucleic acid analysis, immunoassays, cell detection, protein and enzyme sensing, and small biomolecule monitoring. Finally, some future opportunities and challenges of PEC biosensing are also discussed.
Topics: Biomarkers; Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemical Techniques; Graphite; Humans; Metals; Nanostructures; Nucleic Acids; Proteins; Semiconductors
PubMed: 29687506
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801358 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024The development of metallic joint prostheses has been ongoing for more than a century alongside advancements in hip and knee arthroplasty. Among the materials utilized,... (Review)
Review
The development of metallic joint prostheses has been ongoing for more than a century alongside advancements in hip and knee arthroplasty. Among the materials utilized, the Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) and Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium (Ti-Al-V) alloys are predominant in joint prosthesis construction, predominantly due to their commendable biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. Nonetheless, over time, the physical wear, electrochemical corrosion, and inflammation induced by these alloys that occur post-implantation can cause the release of various metallic components. The released metals can then flow and metabolize in vivo, subsequently causing potential local or systemic harm. This review first details joint prosthesis development and acknowledges the release of prosthetic metals. Second, we outline the metallic concentration, biodistribution, and elimination pathways of the released prosthetic metals. Lastly, we discuss the possible organ, cellular, critical biomolecules, and significant signaling pathway toxicities and adverse effects that arise from exposure to these metals.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Metals; Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Joint Prosthesis; Prosthesis Design; Alloys
PubMed: 38855732
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S459255 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Colorimetric sensors have been widely used to detect numerous analytes due to their cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity and specificity, and clear visibility, even with... (Review)
Review
Colorimetric sensors have been widely used to detect numerous analytes due to their cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity and specificity, and clear visibility, even with the naked eye. In recent years, the emergence of advanced nanomaterials has greatly improved the development of colorimetric sensors. This review focuses on the recent (from the years 2015 to 2022) advances in the design, fabrication, and applications of colorimetric sensors. First, the classification and sensing mechanisms of colorimetric sensors are briefly described, and the design of colorimetric sensors based on several typical nanomaterials, including graphene and its derivatives, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, DNA nanomaterials, quantum dots, and some other materials are discussed. Then the applications, especially for the detection of metallic and non-metallic ions, proteins, small molecules, gas, virus and bacteria, and DNA/RNA are summarized. Finally, the remaining challenges and future trends in the development of colorimetric sensors are also discussed.
Topics: Colorimetry; Metals; Nanostructures; Metal Nanoparticles; Oxides
PubMed: 36904948
DOI: 10.3390/s23052749