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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Jun 2022Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.), an evergreen medium-sized, spiny tree which have vast nutritional values and widely used in ayurvedic medicines and home remedies. The...
BACKGROUND
Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.), an evergreen medium-sized, spiny tree which have vast nutritional values and widely used in ayurvedic medicines and home remedies. The plant has also been a rich source of biologically active compounds. The present study was designed to isolate pure compound from ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract of leaves and to know the efficacy as antioxidant as well as its anti-tumor activity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell (EAC). METHODS: The leaves were extracted with methanol and fractionated with different solvents. The isolation of the compound was carried out by column chromatography from ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and structure was revealed by H-NMR and C NMR. The antioxidant activity was investigated by the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals as well as the inhibition of oxidative damage of pUC19 plasmid DNA, hemolysis and lipid peroxidation induced by a water-soluble free radical initiator 2,2'-azo (2-asmidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) in human erythrocytes. In vivo anti-tumor activity of the compound was also evaluated by determining the viable tumor cell count, hematological profiles of experimental mice along with observing morphological changes of EAC cells by fluorescence microscope.
RESULTS
The isolated compound kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside effectively inhibited AAPH induced oxidation in DNA and human erythrocyte model and lipid per oxidation as well as a stronger DPPH radical scavenging activity. In anti-tumor assay, at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight exhibit about 70.89 ± 6.62% EAC cell growth inhibition, whereas standard anticancer drug vincristine showed 77.84 ± 6.69% growth inhibition.
CONCLUSION
The compound may have a great importance as a therapeutic agent in preventing oxidative damage of biomolecules and therapeutic use in chemotherapy.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Fabaceae; Mannosides; Methanol; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Proanthocyanidins
PubMed: 35733130
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03633-x -
Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Pergularia tomentosa L Growing Wild in KSA.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Feb 2021Pergularia tomentosa is a member of the Apocynaceae family found in a wide geographical region including the Gulf region, North Africa and the Middle East. It is known...
BACKGROUND
Pergularia tomentosa is a member of the Apocynaceae family found in a wide geographical region including the Gulf region, North Africa and the Middle East. It is known as Fattaka, Ghalqa or Am Lebina in Saudi Arabia, It is used as a remedy for the treatment of skin sores, asthma, and bronchitis.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic effects of methanolic extract and Latex (milky secretion) extract.
METHODS
The stem of Pergularia tomentosa was cut, air dried and soaked for 72 h with methanol repeatedly three times. The crude latex (milk extract) was collected from healthy stem parts of P. tomentosa L by cutting the petiole of leaves, and left to flow where a thick white liquid (Milky) were secreted, collected in amber glass tube and extracted with methanol. Further, the methanolic extract was fractionated by subsequent extraction with various solvents, viz. n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The cytotoxic effects of Pergularia tomentosa L were evaluated using three cancer cell lines of colon carcinoma (HCT-116), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast carcinoma (MCF-7). The cytotoxic effects of Pergularia tomentosa L extracts against HCT-116, HepG2, and MCF-7 were determined by crystal violet staining method.
RESULTS
The potency of plant extract to decrease the cell viability of human cancer cells was arranged in descending order as follows: Methanol extract (IC50 = 10.2 μg/ml, 13.6 μg/ml and 29.5μg/ml, respectively). > Milky secretion extract (IC50 = 52.6 μg/ml, 58.6 μg/ml and 120 µg/ml, respectively). Methanolic extract was strong cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and HepG2 (IC50= 10.2, 13.6 µg/ml, respectively) and moderately activity against MCF-7 (IC50= 29.5 µg/ml). The Milky extract exhibited moderate activity against HCT-116 and HepG2 (IC50= 52.6-58.6 µg/ml, respectively) and weak activity against MCF-7 (120.0 µg/ml).
CONCLUSION
The methanol extract of Pergularia tomentosa L showed higher cytotoxic effect as compared to the Latex (Milky secretion) extract. These extracts can be used as natural antitumor. In Future modern chromatographic separations are needed to get more quantity of metabolites. Further detailed investigation of the isolated metabolites is required to identify the phytoconstituents responsible for antioxidant and cytotoxic effects.
.Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apocynaceae; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Methanol; Neoplasms; Plant Extracts; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 33576214
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.S1.67 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2022The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl... (Review)
Review
The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction) were examined in this study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis detected or annotated a total of 50 compounds in extracts, including 18 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, 7 Hexaric acids, 7 Coumarins, 15 Flavonoids, and 3 hydroxycinnamic acid amides. The extracts had phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 14.25 to 24.87 mg GAE/g and 1.68 to 25.26 mg RE/g, respectively, in the analysis. Both DPPH and ABTS tests revealed radical scavenging capabilities (between 2.63 and 35.33 mg TE/g and between 13.46 and 76.27 mg TE/g, respectively). The extracts had reducing properties (CUPRAC: 40.38-78 TE/g and FRAP: 17.51-42.58 TE/g). The extracts showed metal chelating activity (18.28-46.71 mg EDTAE/g) as well as total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum test) (0.90-2.12 mmol TE/g). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating tests indicated the water extracts to be the best antioxidants, while the ethyl acetate extracts had the highest overall antioxidant capacity regardless of the extraction technique. Furthermore, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was identified in all extracts (0.17-2.80 mg GALAE/g). The water extracts and the ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract were inert against butyrylcholinesterase, but the other extracts showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (1.17-5.80 mg GALAE/g). Tyrosine inhibitory action was identified in all extracts (1.79-58.93 mg KAE/g), with the most effective methanolic extracts. Only the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts produced by maceration and homogenizer aided extraction showed glucosidase inhibition (0.11-1.11 mmol ACAE/g). These findings showed the overall bioactivity of the different extracts of and provided an overview of the combination of solvent type and extraction method that could yield bioactive profile and pharmacological properties of interest and hence, could be a useful reference for future studies on this species.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Solvents; Turkey; Water
PubMed: 35956963
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155011 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2022This research endeavored to boost the applicability of methanol in CI engines utilizing n-decanol as cosolvents. The work was split into binary phases. Firstly, the...
This research endeavored to boost the applicability of methanol in CI engines utilizing n-decanol as cosolvents. The work was split into binary phases. Firstly, the stabilities of pure methanol (M100) and hydrous-methanol (MH10), with diesel as a reference fuel, were examined applying various temperatures: 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C. The findings showed that the M100-diesel and MH10-diesel combinations were unstable. Thus, n-decanol was utilized as a cosolvent. Following by the engine combustion and emissions characteristics were evaluated by manipulating three proportions of M100-diesel mixtures with n-decanol. Three mixtures comprised of 5, 10, and 15% M100 with 20% n-decanol, which are denoted as M5, M10, and M15, correspondingly. These combinations were assessed via thermogravimetric assessment, and their physicochemical properties were assessed corresponding to the ASTM. The maximum in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and pressure rise rate diminished by 10, 11, and 10%, respectively, for the M100/diesel/n-decanol combinations compared with the diesel oil. The brake thermal efficiency lowered by 10%, whereas the brake specific fuel consumption enlarged by 10% for the combinations compared with the diesel. NO and smoke opacity levels diminished by about 30 and 50%, respectively, whereas the CO and UHC enlarged by about 50 and 60% for the blends compared with the diesel oil.
Topics: Vehicle Emissions; Methanol; Gasoline; Fatty Alcohols; Biofuels
PubMed: 36347886
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20326-0 -
Natural Product Research May 2023This study is the first to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts from the leaves of...
This study is the first to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts from the leaves of (Lam.) Warb. from Vietnam. According to gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, the major constituents of essential oil were β-elemene (25.48%), α-copaene (17.05%), β-caryophyllene (9.37%), and α-humulene (8.42%). The antioxidant activity of the samples was determined using DPPH and ABTS methods. In both assays, the polar subfraction of the methanolic extract showed better antioxidative capacity than the nonpolar subfraction and the essential oil. In addition, the amounts of total phenol value in the polar subfraction and the nonpolar subfraction were determined to be 113.84 μg/mg and 47.52 μg/mg, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the essential oil and methanol extracts of possess significant antioxidant activities and may be a new potential source of natural antioxidants.
Topics: Antioxidants; Oils, Volatile; Methanol; Vietnam; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 35876169
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2103698 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Mar 2023Microbial cell factories provide a green and sustainable opportunity to produce value-added products from renewable feedstock. However, the leakage of toxic or volatile...
Microbial cell factories provide a green and sustainable opportunity to produce value-added products from renewable feedstock. However, the leakage of toxic or volatile intermediates decreases the efficiency of microbial cell factories. In this study, membraneless organelles (MLOs) were reconstructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the disordered protein sequence A-IDPs. A regulation system was designed to spatiotemporally regulate the size and rigidity of MLOs. Manipulating the MLO size of strain ZP03-FM, the amounts of assimilated methanol and malate were increased by 162 % and 61 %, respectively. Furthermore, manipulating the MLO rigidity in strain ZP04-RB made acetyl-coA synthesis from oxidative glycolysis change to non-oxidative glycolysis; consequently, CO release decreased by 35 % and the n-butanol yield increased by 20 %. This artificial MLO provides a strategy for the co-localization of enzymes to channel C starting materials into value-added chemicals.
Topics: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Biomolecular Condensates; Metabolic Engineering; Methanol; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 36762978
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215778 -
Food Chemistry Dec 2023In situ and on-site analysis of trace components, such as methanol and ethyl acetate, in distilled spirits poses significant challenges. In this study, we have proposed...
In situ and on-site analysis of trace components, such as methanol and ethyl acetate, in distilled spirits poses significant challenges. In this study, we have proposed a simple, yet effective and rapid approach that combines Raman spectroscopy with Raman integrating sphere technology to accurately detect trace constituents in distilled spirits. An external standard method to effectively separate overlapping Raman peaks from different substances are developed. Experimental results demonstrate that with an exposure time of 180 s under normal temperature and pressure, the detection limits for methanol, acetic acid, and ethyl acetate in proportioned distilled spirits are below 0.1 g/L. Importantly, the detection limit of methanol and acetic acid remains unaffected by the concentration of distilled spirits and the types of trace substances. Notably, the concentration of trace solute exhibits a highly linear relationship with its corresponding Raman intensity, offering a reliable probe for identifying unknown components in distilled spirits.
Topics: Methanol; Alcoholic Beverages; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Acetic Acid
PubMed: 37478606
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136851 -
Critical Care Medicine Feb 2015Methanol poisoning can induce death and disability. Treatment includes the administration of antidotes (ethanol or fomepizole and folic/folinic acid) and consideration... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Methanol poisoning can induce death and disability. Treatment includes the administration of antidotes (ethanol or fomepizole and folic/folinic acid) and consideration of extracorporeal treatment for correction of acidemia and/or enhanced elimination. The Extracorporeal Treatments in Poisoning workgroup aimed to develop evidence-based consensus recommendations for extracorporeal treatment in methanol poisoning.
DESIGN AND METHODS
Utilizing predetermined methods, we conducted a systematic review of the literature. Two hundred seventy-two relevant publications were identified but publication and selection biases were noted. Data on clinical outcomes and dialyzability were collated and a two-round modified Delphi process was used to reach a consensus.
RESULTS
Recommended indications for extracorporeal treatment: Severe methanol poisoning including any of the following being attributed to methanol: coma, seizures, new vision deficits, metabolic acidosis with blood pH ≤ 7.15, persistent metabolic acidosis despite adequate supportive measures and antidotes, serum anion gap higher than 24 mmol/L; or, serum methanol concentration 1) greater than 700 mg/L (21.8 mmol/L) in the context of fomepizole therapy, 2) greater than 600 mg/L or 18.7 mmol/L in the context of ethanol treatment, 3) greater than 500 mg/L or 15.6 mmol/L in the absence of an alcohol dehydrogenase blocker; in the absence of a methanol concentration, the osmolal/osmolar gap may be informative; or, in the context of impaired kidney function. Intermittent hemodialysis is the modality of choice and continuous modalities are acceptable alternatives. Extracorporeal treatment can be terminated when the methanol concentration is <200 mg/L or 6.2 mmol/L and a clinical improvement is observed. Extracorporeal Treatments in Poisoning inhibitors and folic/folinic acid should be continued during extracorporeal treatment. General considerations: Antidotes and extracorporeal treatment should be initiated urgently in the context of severe poisoning. The duration of extracorporeal treatment extracorporeal treatment depends on the type of extracorporeal treatment used and the methanol exposure. Indications for extracorporeal treatment are based on risk factors for poor outcomes. The relative importance of individual indications for the triaging of patients for extracorporeal treatment, in the context of an epidemic when need exceeds resources, is unknown. In the absence of severe poisoning but if the methanol concentration is elevated and there is adequate alcohol dehydrogenase blockade, extracorporeal treatment is not immediately required. Systemic anticoagulation should be avoided during extracorporeal treatment because it may increase the development or severity of intracerebral hemorrhage.
CONCLUSION
Extracorporeal treatment has a valuable role in the treatment of patients with methanol poisoning. A range of clinical indications for extracorporeal treatment is provided and duration of therapy can be guided through the careful monitoring of biomarkers of exposure and toxicity. In the absence of severe poisoning, the decision to use extracorporeal treatment is determined by balancing the cost and complications of extracorporeal treatment to that of fomepizole or ethanol. Given regional differences in cost and availability of fomepizole and extracorporeal treatment, these decisions must be made at a local level.
Topics: Acidosis; Antidotes; Biomarkers; Humans; Methanol; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Renal Dialysis; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 25493973
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000708 -
Astrobiology May 2020Numerous laboratory studies of astrophysical ice analogues have shown that their exposure to ionizing radiation leads to the production of large numbers of new, more...
Numerous laboratory studies of astrophysical ice analogues have shown that their exposure to ionizing radiation leads to the production of large numbers of new, more complex compounds, many of which are of astrobiological interest. We show here that the irradiation of astrophysical ice analogues containing HO, CHOH, CO, and NH yields quantities of hexamethylenetetramine-methanol (hereafter HMT-methanol; CNHO) that are easily detectible in the resulting organic residues. This molecule differs from simple HMT, which is known to be abundant in similar ice photolysis residues, by the replacement of a peripheral H atom with a CHOH group. As with HMT, HMT-methanol is likely to be an amino acid precursor. HMT has tetrahedral () symmetry, whereas HMT-methanol has symmetry. We report the computed expected infrared spectra for HMT and HMT-methanol obtained using quantum chemistry methods and show that there is a good match between the observed and computed spectra for regular HMT. Since HMT-methanol lacks the high symmetry of HMT, it produces rotational transitions that could be observed at longer wavelengths, although establishing the exact positions of these transitions may be challenging. It is likely that HMT-methanol represents an abundant member of a larger family of functionalized HMT molecules that may be present in cold astrophysical environments.
Topics: Exobiology; Extraterrestrial Environment; Methanol; Methenamine; Vibration
PubMed: 32105506
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2019.2147 -
Trends in Biotechnology Apr 2021The toxic C1 compounds methanol and formaldehyde are generated during bioconversion of lignin into value-added chemicals. These toxins can be detoxified and assimilated...
The toxic C1 compounds methanol and formaldehyde are generated during bioconversion of lignin into value-added chemicals. These toxins can be detoxified and assimilated by methylotrophs to synthesize useful metabolites and cell biomass. We discuss the promising future of constructing integrated biosystems to use toxic C1 byproducts and promote lignin valorization.
Topics: Biomass; Formaldehyde; Lignin; Methanol
PubMed: 33008644
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.09.005