-
The Journal of Thoracic and... Aug 2018
Topics: Aortic Valve; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Mitral Valve; Tricuspid Valve
PubMed: 29666012
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.03.069 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Dec 2018
Topics: Aortic Valve; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Mitral Valve; Sutures; Tricuspid Valve
PubMed: 30107143
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.07.007 -
International Journal of Clinical... Oct 2014In industrially developed countries, moderate or severe mitral valve disease is relatively common and is usually caused by prolapse or is secondary to left ventricular...
In industrially developed countries, moderate or severe mitral valve disease is relatively common and is usually caused by prolapse or is secondary to left ventricular disease. Mitral stenosis (MS), however, is uncommon and usually a sequela of rheumatic fever. This article discusses the natural history of mitral regurgitation and MS and their medical and surgical management.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Mitral Valve; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Mitral Valve Prolapse; Mitral Valve Stenosis
PubMed: 24423132
DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12321 -
The American Journal of Cardiology Feb 2018With the advent of 3-dimensional echocardiography, visualization of the mitral valve has greatly improved. Recently, there has been an increase in reporting of a... (Review)
Review
With the advent of 3-dimensional echocardiography, visualization of the mitral valve has greatly improved. Recently, there has been an increase in reporting of a distinct entity called the "trileaflet mitral valve" using 3-dimensional echocardiography. It is controversial whether this is a new entity or an improved visualization of isolated mitral valve clefts or trifoliate left atrioventricular valve in the setting of an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with intact septum. We present a case of a trifoliate valve, interpreting our findings based on a systematic review of previous publication on trileaflet mitral valves, isolated clefts in the mural (posterior) leaflet of the mitral valve, and trifoliate left atrioventricular valves with AVSD and intact septal structures. We describe the latter entity as a left atrioventricular valve because it never achieves the features of a normal mitral valve. We compare the features of isolated clefts of the mural leaflet of the mitral valve with trifoliate left atrioventricular valve found in the setting of AVSDs with intact septal structures to illustrate the current controversy regarding these conditions. In conclusion, our review suggested the reported trileaflet left atrioventricular valves is likely a misnomer because of a lack of consideration of embryologic development and nomenclature, rather than a greater appreciation and identification of a new distinct disease entity.
Topics: Coronary Artery Bypass; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve; Obesity, Morbid
PubMed: 29304994
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.11.018 -
Indian Journal of Thoracic and... Sep 2021Yasui operation combines Norwood arch reconstruction with Rastelli operation for interrupted or hypoplastic aorta with aortic valvar atresia or hypoplasia with... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Yasui operation combines Norwood arch reconstruction with Rastelli operation for interrupted or hypoplastic aorta with aortic valvar atresia or hypoplasia with ventricular septal and two adequately sized ventricles, establishing biventricular repair. We present a case of aortic atresia, mitral hypoplasia, and ventricular septal defect (VSD) treated by Yasui procedure, and its long-term (108 months) follow-up and brief review of literature. Review of literature was done using keywords to search on "PubMed" and "Google Scholar."
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12055-021-01174-5.
PubMed: 34511760
DOI: 10.1007/s12055-021-01174-5 -
Cardiovascular Pathology : the Official... 2021Mitral valve is a complex cardiac structure composed of several components to work in synchrony to allow blood flow into left ventricle during diastole and not to allow... (Review)
Review
Mitral valve is a complex cardiac structure composed of several components to work in synchrony to allow blood flow into left ventricle during diastole and not to allow blood flow into left atrium during systole. Accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) was defined as existence of any additional part and parcel of valvular structure which has an attachment to normal mitral valve apparatus in left-sided cardiac chambers. AMVT may present itself in different clinical circumstances ranging from a silent clinical course to thromboembolic events, heart failure, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and severe arrhythmia. This article reviews the clinical perspectives of AMVT in terms of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment, providing a new anatomical classification regarding the location of AMVT. Briefly type I refers to AMVT having attachments on the supra leaflets level, type II refers to attachments on the mitral leaflets, and type III refers to attachment below the mitral leaflets. Increased awareness and widespread use of echocardiographic techniques would increase recognition of AMVT in patients with heart murmurs but otherwise healthy and in those with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or tissue which causes subaortic stenosis and with unexplained cerebrovascular events.
Topics: Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Mitral Valve; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Thromboembolism; Ventricular Outflow Obstruction
PubMed: 32882373
DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2020.107277 -
Georgian Medical News Jun 2016Structural heart anomalies (SHA) are congenital abnormalities of cardiovascular system, characterized by various anatomical departures of heart and great vessels from... (Review)
Review
Structural heart anomalies (SHA) are congenital abnormalities of cardiovascular system, characterized by various anatomical departures of heart and great vessels from normal conditions. SHA are a part of connective tissue dysplasia syndrome (CTDS), one of the most common congenital autosomal-dominant diseases in people of young and middle age. The most common SHA are a mitral valve prolapse, abnormal chords of left ventricle and their combinations. The clinical significance of these anomalies depends on a degree of severity and impact on intracardial hemodynamics, as described in the article. The most prognostically dangerous are multiple abnormal chords of left ventricle, which can be a sign of serious hereditary disease - a left ventricular non-compaction.
Topics: Chordae Tendineae; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Mitral Valve Prolapse
PubMed: 27441539
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2014The concept of univentricular heart moved from hearts with only one ventricle connected with atria [double inlet ventricle or absent atrioventricular (AV) connection] to... (Review)
Review
The concept of univentricular heart moved from hearts with only one ventricle connected with atria [double inlet ventricle or absent atrioventricular (AV) connection] to hearts not amenable to biventricular repair, namely hearts with two ventricles unable to sustain separately pulmonary and systemic circulations in sequence. In the latter definition, even hearts with one hypoplastic ventricle are considered "functional" univentricular hearts. They include pulmonary/aortic atresia or severe stenosis with hypoplastic ventricle, and rare conditions like huge intramural cardiac tumors and Ebstein anomaly with extreme atrialization of right ventricular cavity. In this setting, the surgical repair is univentricular with "Fontan" operation, bypassing the ventricular mass. In other words, functionally univentricular heart is a condition in which, after surgery, only one ventricle sustain systemic circulation. Univentricular hearts (double inlet or absent AV connection) almost invariably show two ventricular chambers, one main and one accessory, which lacks an inlet portion. The latter is located posteriorly when morphologically left and anteriorly when morphologically right. As far as double inlet left ventricle, this is usually associated with discordant ventriculo-arterial (VA) connection (transposition of the great arteries) and all the blood flow to the aorta, which takes origin from the hypoplastic anterior right ventricle, is ventricular septal defect (bulbo-ventricular foramen) dependent. If restrictive, an aortic arch obstruction may be present. Double inlet left ventricle may be rarely associated with VA concordance (Holmes heart). As far as double inlet right ventricle with posterior hypoplastic left ventricular cavity, ventriculo-arterial connection is usually of double outlet type; thus the term double inlet-outlet right ventricle may be coined. Absent right or left AV connection may develop in the setting of both d- or l-loop, whatever the situs. In this condition, the contra-lateral patent AV valve may be either mitral or tricuspid in terms of morphology and the underlying ventricle (main chamber) either morphologically left or right. Establishing the loop, whatever right or left (also called right or left ventricular topology), is a fundamental step in the segmental-sequential analysis of congenital heart disease.
PubMed: 25072035
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00062 -
World Journal For Pediatric &... Sep 2022Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) without intrinsic valvar stenosis or atresia is synonymous with the term hypoplastic left heart complex (HLHC) and is defined as a...
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) without intrinsic valvar stenosis or atresia is synonymous with the term hypoplastic left heart complex (HLHC) and is defined as a cardiac malformation at the milder end of the spectrum of HLHS with normally aligned great arteries without a common atrioventricular junction, characterized by underdevelopment of the left heart with significant hypoplasia of the left ventricle and hypoplasia of the aortic or mitral valve, or both valves, in the absence of intrinsic valvar stenosis or atresia, and with hypoplasia of the ascending aorta and aortic arch. This article describes the definitions, nomenclature, and classification of HLHC; the indications and contraindications for biventricular repair of HLHC; the surgical treatment of HLHC; and the associated outcomes.
Topics: Constriction, Pathologic; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome; Mitral Valve
PubMed: 36053097
DOI: 10.1177/21501351221116016 -
American Journal of Medical Genetics.... Jan 2016Vici syndrome (OMIM 242840) is a rare syndrome and since its initial description by Vici et al. [1988], only 29 cases have been reported. We describe two brothers from... (Review)
Review
Vici syndrome (OMIM 242840) is a rare syndrome and since its initial description by Vici et al. [1988], only 29 cases have been reported. We describe two brothers from healthy consanguineous Turkish parents with psychomotor delay, congenital bilateral cataracts, high palate, long philtrum, micrognathia, fair hair, and skin. They both had general hypotonia and elevated muscle enzymes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain confirmed agenesis of corpus callosum in both patients. Secundum type atrial septal defect (in Patient 1) and mild mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary insufficiency (in Patient 2) were detected by echocardiographic examination. Immunological studies were normal, as were chromosome karyotype analyses (46, XY). Both children had bilateral cutaneous syndactyly between second and third toes and also bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Patient 1 had poor feeding and regurgitation necessitating a feeding tube; mild laryngomalacia was subsequently detected by bronchoscopy. Mutation analysis in patient 2 showed a homozygous p.R2483* (c.7447C > T) mutation in EPG5 gene. We report a summary of the clinical findings in our patients and 29 cases from the literature.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Agenesis of Corpus Callosum; Brain; Cataract; Consanguinity; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Family; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Muscular Atrophy; Parents; Siblings
PubMed: 26395118
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37398