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Cytopathology : Official Journal of the... Sep 2021
Topics: Humans; Pathology, Molecular; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 34390522
DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13000 -
Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine 2022The development of high-throughput technologies has sharply increased the opportunities to research the human body at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels in... (Review)
Review
The development of high-throughput technologies has sharply increased the opportunities to research the human body at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels in the last decade. Rapid progress in biotechnology has caused a paradigm shift in population-based studies. Advances in modern biomedical sciences, including genomic, genome-wide, post-genomic research and bioinformatics, have contributed to the emergence of molecular epidemiology focused on the study of the personalized molecular mechanism of disease development and its extrapolation to the population level. The work of research teams at the intersection of information technology and medicine has become the basis for highlighting digital epidemiology, the important tools of which are machine learning, the ability to work with real world data, and accumulated big data. The developed approaches accelerate the process of collecting and processing biomedical data, testing new scientific hypotheses. However, new methods are still in their infancy, they require testing of application under various conditions, as well as standardization. This review highlights the role of omics and digital technologies in population-based studies.
Topics: Humans; Computational Biology; Genomics; Molecular Epidemiology; Machine Learning; Research
PubMed: 37179982
DOI: 10.17691/stm2022.14.4.07 -
European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy :... Sep 2020
Topics: Clinical Competence; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Medical Oncology; Molecular Medicine; Neoplasms; Workforce
PubMed: 32839254
DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-002134 -
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi =... Aug 2016Molecular epidemiology, a branch of epidemiology, combines the theories and methods, both in epidemiology and molecular biology. Molecular epidemiology mainly focuses on...
Molecular epidemiology, a branch of epidemiology, combines the theories and methods, both in epidemiology and molecular biology. Molecular epidemiology mainly focuses on biological markers, describing the distribution, occurrence, development and prognosis of diseases at the molecular level. The completion of Human Genome Project and rapid development of Precision Medicine and Big Data not only offer the new development opportunities but also bring about a higher demand and new challenge for molecular epidemiology.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Molecular Biology; Molecular Epidemiology; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 27539332
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.08.001 -
Trends in Biotechnology Jan 2019In the past several years, single-molecule sequencing platforms, such as those by Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore Technologies, have become available to... (Review)
Review
In the past several years, single-molecule sequencing platforms, such as those by Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore Technologies, have become available to researchers and are currently being tested for clinical applications. They offer exceptionally long reads that permit direct sequencing through regions of the genome inaccessible or difficult to analyze by short-read platforms. This includes disease-causing long repetitive elements, extreme GC content regions, and complex gene loci. Similarly, these platforms enable structural variation characterization at previously unparalleled resolution and direct detection of epigenetic marks in native DNA. Here, we review how these technologies are opening up new clinical avenues that are being applied to pathogenic microorganisms and viruses, constitutional disorders, pharmacogenomics, cancer, and more.
Topics: High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Molecular Medicine; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 30115375
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.07.013 -
Trends in Molecular Medicine May 2022
Topics: Humans; Molecular Medicine
PubMed: 35410766
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.008 -
The Journal of Small Animal Practice Jul 2021Molecular pathology is a developing sub-microscopic discipline of pathology that studies the effects of molecular variations and mutations on disease processes. The... (Review)
Review
Molecular pathology is a developing sub-microscopic discipline of pathology that studies the effects of molecular variations and mutations on disease processes. The ultimate goal of molecular pathology in cancer is to predict risk, facilitate diagnosis and improve prognostication based on a complete understanding of the biological impact of specific molecular variations, mutations and dysregulations. This knowledge will provide the basis for customised cancer treatment, so-called precision medicine. Rapid developments in genomics have placed this field at the forefront of clinical molecular pathology and there are already a number of well-established genetic tests available for clinical use including PCR of antigen receptor rearrangement and KIT mutational analysis. Moving beyond tests assessing a single gene, there are significant research efforts utilising genomics to predict cancer risk, forecast aggressive behaviour and identify druggable mutations and therapeutic biomarkers. Researchers are also investigating the use of circulating cells and nucleic acid for clinically useful low morbidity genomic assessments. If we are to realise the full potential of molecular pathology and precision medicine there are a number of challenges to overcome. These include developing our understanding of the underlying biology (in particular intra-tumoural heterogeneity), methodological standardisation of assays, provision of adequate infrastructure and production of novel therapeutics backed by high-quality clinical data supporting the precision medicine approach. The era of molecular pathology holds the potential to revolutionise veterinary cancer care, but its impact on clinical practice will depend upon the extent to which the inherent challenges can be overcome.
Topics: Animals; Genomics; Mutation; Neoplasms; Pathology, Molecular; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 33974272
DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13330 -
Current Molecular Medicine 2020The market segment of new biological drugs (monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, antibody-drug conjugates, and new modality protein therapeutics) is rapidly growing,... (Review)
Review
The market segment of new biological drugs (monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, antibody-drug conjugates, and new modality protein therapeutics) is rapidly growing, especially after the patent expiration of the original biologics, initiating the emergence of biosimilars. N-glycosylation of therapeutic proteins has high importance on their stability, safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and serum half-life. Therefore, Nglycosylation is considered to be one of the critical quality attributes. Consequently, it should be rigorously monitored during the development, manufacturing, and release of glycoprotein biologicals. In this review, first, the regulatory considerations for biosimilars are shortly summarized, followed by conferring the analytical techniques needed for monitoring and characterization of the N-glycosylation of biological drugs. Particular respect is paid to liquid phase separation techniques with high sensitivity and highresolution detection methods, including laser-induced fluorescence and mass spectrometry.
Topics: Biological Therapy; Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals; Glycosylation; Humans; Molecular Medicine; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 33272172
DOI: 10.2174/1566524020999201203212352 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Molecular pathology, diagnostics and therapeutics are three closely related topics of critical importance in medical research and clinical practice [...].
Molecular pathology, diagnostics and therapeutics are three closely related topics of critical importance in medical research and clinical practice [...].
Topics: Pathology, Molecular
PubMed: 36902493
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055063 -
Clinics in Laboratory Medicine Jun 2018Molecular pathology techniques continue to evolve. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the cornerstone methodology for nucleic acid amplification,... (Review)
Review
Molecular pathology techniques continue to evolve. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the cornerstone methodology for nucleic acid amplification, improvements in nucleic acid detection methodologies (i.e. PCR) have increased the detection sensitivity by using fluorescent and bead based array technologies. Single base pair lesions can be detected via sequencing and related techniques to discern point mutations in disease pathogenesis. Novel technologies, such as high- resolution melting analysis, provide fast high throughput post PCR analysis of genetic mutations or variance in nucleic acid sequences. These and other technologies such as hybrid capture, fluorohore and chemiluminescence detections assays allow for rapid diagnosis and prognosis for expeditious and personalized patient management.
Topics: Communicable Diseases; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Pathology, Molecular
PubMed: 29776628
DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2018.03.004