-
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Apr 2021RNA molecules can fold into complex two- and three-dimensional shapes that are critical for their function. Chemical probes have long been utilized to interrogate RNA... (Review)
Review
RNA molecules can fold into complex two- and three-dimensional shapes that are critical for their function. Chemical probes have long been utilized to interrogate RNA structure and are now considered invaluable resources in the goal of relating structure to function. Recently, the power of deep sequencing and careful chemical probe design have merged, permitting researchers to obtain a holistic understanding of how RNA structure can be utilized to control RNA biology transcriptome-wide. Within this review, we outline the recent advancements in chemical probe design for interrogating RNA structures inside cells and discuss the recent advances in our understanding of RNA biology through the lens of chemical probing.
Topics: DNA Adducts; DNA, Complementary; Molecular Probes; Nucleic Acid Conformation; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Transcriptome
PubMed: 32737940
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000340 -
Nature Materials Nov 2023X-ray-induced afterglow and radiodynamic therapy tackle the tissue penetration issue of optical imaging and phototherapy. However, inorganic nanophosphors used in this...
X-ray-induced afterglow and radiodynamic therapy tackle the tissue penetration issue of optical imaging and phototherapy. However, inorganic nanophosphors used in this therapy have their radio afterglow dynamic function as always on, limiting the detection specificity and treatment efficacy. Here we report organic luminophores (IDPAs) with near-infrared afterglow and O production after X-ray irradiation for cancer theranostics. The in vivo radio afterglow of IDPAs is >25.0 times brighter than reported inorganic nanophosphors, whereas the radiodynamic production of O is >5.7 times higher than commercially available radio sensitizers. The modular structure of IDPAs permits the development of a smart molecular probe that only triggers its radio afterglow dynamic function in the presence of a cancer biomarker. Thus, the probe enables the ultrasensitive detection of a diminutive tumour (0.64 mm) with superb contrast (tumour-to-background ratio of 234) and tumour-specific radiotherapy for brain tumour with molecular precision at low dosage. Our work reveals the molecular guidelines towards organic radio afterglow agents and highlights new opportunities for cancer radio theranostics.
Topics: Humans; Molecular Probes; Precision Medicine; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Phototherapy
PubMed: 37667071
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01659-1 -
Chemical Reviews Mar 2022Photoacoustic (PA) imaging technology, a three-dimensional hybrid imaging modality that integrates the advantage of optical and acoustic imaging, has great application... (Review)
Review
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging technology, a three-dimensional hybrid imaging modality that integrates the advantage of optical and acoustic imaging, has great application prospects in molecular imaging due to its high imaging depth and resolution. To endow PA imaging with the ability for real-time molecular visualization and precise biomedical diagnosis, numerous activatable molecular PA probes which can specifically alter their PA intensities upon reacting with the targets or biological events of interest have been developed. This review highlights the recent developments of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications including molecular detection of the biotargets and imaging of the biological events. First, the generation mechanism of PA signals will be given, followed by a brief introduction to contrast agents used for PA probe design. Then we will particularly summarize the general design principles for the alteration of PA signals and activatable strategies for developing precise PA probes. Furthermore, we will give a detailed discussion of activatable PA probes in molecular detection and biomedical imaging applications in living systems. At last, the current challenges and outlooks of future PA probes will be discussed. We hope that this review will stimulate new ideas to explore the potentials of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications in the future.
Topics: Molecular Imaging; Molecular Probes; Photoacoustic Techniques; Spectrum Analysis
PubMed: 35234464
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00875 -
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England... Oct 2017The development of new methods to image the onset and progression of thrombosis is an unmet need. Non-invasive molecular imaging techniques targeting specific key... (Review)
Review
The development of new methods to image the onset and progression of thrombosis is an unmet need. Non-invasive molecular imaging techniques targeting specific key structures involved in the formation of thrombosis have demonstrated the ability to detect thrombus in different disease state models and in patients. Due to its high concentration in the thrombus and its essential role in thrombus formation, the detection of fibrin is an attractive strategy for identification of thrombosis. Herein we provide an overview of recent and selected fibrin-targeted probes for molecular imaging of thrombosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and optical techniques. Emphasis is placed on work that our lab has explored over the last 15 years that has resulted in the progression of the fibrin-binding PET probe [Cu]FBP8 from preclinical studies into human trials.
Topics: Animals; Fibrin; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Molecular Probes; Peptides; Thrombosis
PubMed: 29051933
DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02634j -
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Feb 2021Neuroendocrine tumors are a type of heterogeneous tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells derived from the neural crest,which can secrete a variety of amines and... (Review)
Review
Neuroendocrine tumors are a type of heterogeneous tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells derived from the neural crest,which can secrete a variety of amines and peptide hormones.Based on different molecular biomarkers,histologic types and differentiation degrees,individualized nuclear imaging can provide information for the early diagnosis,clinical staging,treatment guidance,and detection of the recurrence and metastasis of neuroendocrine tumor. In this paper,we review the development and application of nuclear medicine molecular imaging probes such as glucose analogs,somatostatin analogues,amine precursors,hormone analogs and enzyme inhibitors in the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Molecular Probes; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 34117850
DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0031 -
Methods in Enzymology 2018
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Central Nervous System; Computational Biology; Consciousness; Electrophysiology; Molecular Probe Techniques; Molecular Probes; Xenon
PubMed: 29588044
DOI: 10.1016/S0076-6879(18)30118-6 -
Future Medicinal Chemistry 2015Photoaffinity labeling (PAL) using a chemical probe to covalently bind its target in response to activation by light has become a frequently used tool in drug discovery... (Review)
Review
Photoaffinity labeling (PAL) using a chemical probe to covalently bind its target in response to activation by light has become a frequently used tool in drug discovery for identifying new drug targets and molecular interactions, and for probing the location and structure of binding sites. Methods to identify the specific target proteins of hit molecules from phenotypic screens are highly valuable in early drug discovery. In this review, we summarize the principles of PAL including probe design and experimental techniques for in vitro and live cell investigations. We emphasize the need to optimize and validate probes and highlight examples of the successful application of PAL across multiple disease areas.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Drug Discovery; Humans; Molecular Probes; Photoaffinity Labels; Proteins
PubMed: 25686004
DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.152 -
Biomaterials Oct 2022Diseases are often accompanied by abnormal expression of gaseous signaling molecules including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (HS).... (Review)
Review
Diseases are often accompanied by abnormal expression of gaseous signaling molecules including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (HS). Sensing these gaseous markers is thus important for identification and investigation of pathological processes. In contrast to conventional approaches, such as electrochemical, chromatographical methods, etc., optical imaging shows merits including high sensitivity, good spatiotemporal resolution, and ideal selectivity. Especially, optical molecular probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties have good potential for bio-detection since they show maintained optical signals in the aggregated state. Recently, many AIE molecular probes have been developed for imaging disease-related gaseous signaling molecules. Generally, these probes recognize the analytes through turn-on or ratiometric approaches. This review summarizes the recent progress in organic probes with AIE properties for sensing gaseous markers and relative disease diagnosis applications. Based on the types of analytes, the probes are divided into three groups: NO, CO and HS sensors. Molecular designs and sensing mechanisms of these AIE probes are highlighted. Their gaseous signaling molecules detection applications at cellular and animal levels are presented. Finally, some existing problems and future promising development directions are discussed with the hope to inspire further developments of AIE probes for precise disease diagnosis.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Fluorescent Dyes; Gases; Hydrogen Sulfide; Molecular Probes; Nitric Oxide
PubMed: 36057232
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121753 -
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling Aug 2018Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a powerful effector of redox signaling. It is able to oxidize cysteine residues, metal ion centers, and lipids. Understanding HO-mediated... (Review)
Review
SIGNIFICANCE
Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a powerful effector of redox signaling. It is able to oxidize cysteine residues, metal ion centers, and lipids. Understanding HO-mediated signaling requires, to some extent, measurement of HO level. Recent Advances: Chemically and genetically encoded fluorescent probes for the detection of HO are currently the most sensitive and popular. Novel probes are constantly being developed, with the latest progress particular with boronates and genetically encoded probes.
CRITICAL ISSUES
All currently available probes display limitations in terms of sensitivity, local and temporal resolution, and specificity in the detection of low HO concentrations. In this review, we discuss the power of fluorescent probes and the systems in which they have been successfully employed. Moreover, we recommend approaches for overcoming probe limitations and for the avoidance of artifacts.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Constant improvements will lead to the generation of probes that are not only more sensitive but also specifically tailored to individual cellular compartments. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 585-602.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Cellular Microenvironment; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Luminescent Proteins; Molecular Probes; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 29054131
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7401 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Cancer immunotherapy, especially immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has paved a new way for the treatment of many types of malignancies, particularly advanced-stage... (Review)
Review
Cancer immunotherapy, especially immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has paved a new way for the treatment of many types of malignancies, particularly advanced-stage cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that as a molecular imaging modality, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can play a vital role in the management of ICIs therapy by using different molecular probes and metabolic parameters. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical data to support the importance of F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT (F-FDG PET/CT) imaging in the treatment of ICIs, including the evaluation of the tumor microenvironment, discovery of immune-related adverse events, evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, and prediction of therapeutic prognosis. We also discuss perspectives on the development direction of F-FDG PET/CT imaging, with a particular emphasis on possible challenges in the future. In addition, we summarize the researches on novel PET molecular probes that are expected to potentially promote the precise application of ICIs.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Neoplasms; Molecular Imaging; Molecular Probes; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 36341331
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049043