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Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi [Chinese... Sep 2021Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in women worldwide, cervical cancer is also the only malignant tumor that is considered to be a known cause in...
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in women worldwide, cervical cancer is also the only malignant tumor that is considered to be a known cause in human tumors, however, there is no significant decline in cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that there were about 570, 000 new cases of cervical cancer in the world in 2018, accounting for 3.15% of all cancer cases; and there were about 310, 000 deaths of cervical cancer, accounting for 3.26% of all cancer deaths. The burden of cervical cancer worldwide is severe. The article summarizes the epidemiological trends of cervical cancer worldwide with the latest data, and provides etiological basis and theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Incidence; Morbidity; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 34530572
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190904-00573 -
European Journal of Preventive... Jan 2023
Topics: Humans; Comorbidity; Hypertension; Morbidity
PubMed: 36583952
DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac301 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2022Background: Environmentally related morbidity and mortality still remain high worldwide, although they have decreased significantly in recent decades. This study aims to...
Background: Environmentally related morbidity and mortality still remain high worldwide, although they have decreased significantly in recent decades. This study aims to forecast malaria epidemics taking into account climatic and spatio-temporal variations and therefore identify geo-climatic factors predictive of malaria prevalence from 2001 to 2019 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal ecological study. The database of the Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance including all malaria cases registered in the surveillance system based on positive blood test results, either by microscopy or by a rapid diagnostic test for malaria was used to estimate malaria morbidity and mortality by province of the DRC from 2001 to 2019. The impact of climatic factors on malaria morbidity was modeled using the Generalized Poisson Regression, a predictive model with the dependent variable Y the count of the number of occurrences of malaria cases during a period of time adjusting for risk factors. Results: Our results show that the average prevalence rate of malaria in the last 19 years is 13,246 (1,178,383−1,417,483) cases per 100,000 people at risk. This prevalence increases significantly during the whole study period (p < 0.0001). The year 2002 was the most morbid with 2,913,799 (120,9451−3,830,456) cases per 100,000 persons at risk. Adjusting for other factors, a one-day in rainfall resulted in a 7% statistically significant increase in malaria cases (p < 0.0001). Malaria morbidity was also significantly associated with geographic location (western, central and northeastern region of the country), total evaporation under shelter, maximum daily temperature at a two-meter altitude and malaria morbidity (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In this study, we have established the association between malaria morbidity and geo-climatic predictors such as geographical location, total evaporation under shelter and maximum daily temperature at a two-meter altitude. We show that the average number of malaria cases increased positively as a function of the average number of rainy days, the total quantity of rainfall and the average daily temperature. These findings are important building blocks to help the government of DRC to set up a warning system integrating the monitoring of rainfall and temperature trends and the early detection of anomalies in weather patterns in order to forecast potential large malaria morbidity events.
Topics: Democratic Republic of the Congo; Humans; Malaria; Morbidity; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35409494
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073811 -
Maturitas Oct 2022Iatrogenic early menopause (EM), that is, menopause before the age of 45 years due to surgery or chemotherapy or radiotherapy, is associated with negative health...
Increased mortality and non-cancer morbidity risk may be associated with early menopause and varies with aetiology: An exploratory population-based study using data-linkage.
OBJECTIVE
Iatrogenic early menopause (EM), that is, menopause before the age of 45 years due to surgery or chemotherapy or radiotherapy, is associated with negative health impacts. However, it is unclear how these vary according to the cause of EM. We investigated mortality and non-cancer morbidity in women with iatrogenic EM of different aetiologies.
STUDY DESIGN
Population-based retrospective cohort study with 36-year follow-up using data-linkage with the Western Australia hospital morbidity database, cancer, birth and death registries, the midwives notification system and the mental health information system. The sample comprised women aged 20-44 years at index date with iatrogenic EM associated with breast or gynaecological cancer (n = 607), or benign bilateral oophorectomy (n = 414), and age-matched female controls (n = 16,998). Index date (breast, ovarian or uterine cancer diagnosis or oophorectomy procedure) ranged from 1982 to 1997, with follow-up until 2018.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Mortality and hospitalisation for circulatory disorders, endocrine, psychological, respiratory, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal morbidities.
RESULTS
Significant differences in mortality were observed (% dead by follow-up: cancer, 53.0; oophorectomy, 10.9; and controls, 3.5; p < 0.001). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were increased for circulatory (1.23, 95 % CI 1.07-1.42) and endocrine disorders (1.31, 95%CI 1.08-1.56) and hip fracture (3.90, 95 % CI 1.83-7.40) in cancer survivors, compared with controls. IRRs for circulatory (0.62, 95 % CI 0.53-0.72) and endocrine disorders (0.62, 95 % CI 0.38-0.97) were reduced in the oophorectomy group, but were increased for psychological (8.53, 95 % CI 7.29-9.94) and gastrointestinal morbidities (1.43, 95%CI 1.21-1.67) compared with controls.
CONCLUSION
Cancer-related or benign iatrogenic EM may be associated with increased mortality and morbidity, which vary with the cause of EM.
Topics: Female; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Incidence; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35803198
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.06.011 -
Journal of Orthodontics Dec 2020A wide variety of patients with medical co-morbidities may present to general orthodontic practice. It is important for the treating clinician to have a general... (Review)
Review
A wide variety of patients with medical co-morbidities may present to general orthodontic practice. It is important for the treating clinician to have a general understanding of key medical conditions that may impact upon the treatment and management options. This clinical supplement provides a treatment-focused summative update for the orthodontist regarding significant medical co-morbidities, their general prevalence and an exploration of potential impacts upon orthodontic treatment. This review also discusses the significance of key medications and provides suggestions for the safe provision of orthodontic treatment.
Topics: Humans; Morbidity; Orthodontics; Orthodontists
PubMed: 32985344
DOI: 10.1177/1465312520949881 -
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Nov 2022The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnoea overlap syndrome is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates than either disease... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnoea overlap syndrome is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates than either disease alone. There is evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the two conditions, with the overlap syndrome encompassing a spectrum of clinical phenotypes.
RECENT FINDINGS
This review examines the evidence for the various factors that determine the overlap syndrome, the impact overlap syndrome has on co-morbidities, and implications for diagnosis and treatment.
SUMMARY
The accurate diagnosis of the overlap syndrome is critical given its implications for treatment optimisation and reduction in healthcare utilisation and costs.
Topics: Comorbidity; Humans; Morbidity; Prevalence; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 36124997
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000922 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2023The aim: To analyze the prevalence of breast cancer from 2014 to 2022 and the incidence rate in the population of Ukraine.
OBJECTIVE
The aim: To analyze the prevalence of breast cancer from 2014 to 2022 and the incidence rate in the population of Ukraine.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and methods: The methods used in the research include historical-biographical analysis, content analysis, and a systemic approach.
RESULTS
Results: According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, from 2014 to 2020, there were stable figures of malignant neoplasms (MN) with a 1% increase in morbidity. The lowest rate was observed in 2014, with 135.307 new cases of MN, showing a slight increase until 2019 with 138.509 new cases. Starting from 2020, there has been a decrease in the registration of new MN cases, such as 113.368 new cases in 2020, in 2021-120.055, and 93.276 in 2022. The decrease in new MN cases is attributed to limited access to medical services for the population residing in annexed territories and areas affected by ongoing military actions.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: A relatively stable increase in breast cancer incidence is observed from 2014 to 2020, within a 1% range, followed by a sharp decrease from 2020 to 2022. This decrease could be attributed to limited access to medical services due to the pandemic and ongoing military actions.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Incidence; Ukraine; Prevalence; Morbidity
PubMed: 37948718
DOI: 10.36740/WLek202310114 -
Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology Nov 2021Little is known about the extent to which severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at delivery impacts early and late postpartum readmission.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the extent to which severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at delivery impacts early and late postpartum readmission.
OBJECTIVES
We examined readmission rates for women with and without SMM (and their 18 subtypes) at delivery and characterised the most common medical reasons for readmissions.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilising the 2016-2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database among women giving births in the United States. Deliveries were classified according to the presence or absence of 18 SMM indicators defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) diagnosis and procedure codes. The primary outcome of this study was all-cause early (≤7 day) and late (8 to 42 day) postpartum readmission. Survey-weighted Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to generate adjusted risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to investigate the association between SMM and early and late postpartum readmission. Additionally, we compared principal diagnoses codes during readmission hospitalisations among women with and without SMM at delivery.
RESULTS
Of the 6 193 852 women examined, 4.9% (n = 4928) with any SMM and 1.4% (n = 83 995) with no SMM were readmitted within 42 days after delivery. After adjusting for obstetric co-morbidities and sociodemographic factors, women with any SMM were 57% (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.47, 1.67) more likely to have an early readmission and 69% (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.57, 1.82) more likely to have a late readmission compared to women with no SMM at delivery. However, the risk was attenuated when excluding women with blood transfusion only. Women with and without SMM were readmitted predominantly for obstetric complications and infections.
CONCLUSIONS
Women with SMM at delivery were more likely to experience both early and late postpartum readmission, independent of their obstetrical co-morbidity burden and sociodemographic factors.
Topics: Blood Transfusion; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Morbidity; Patient Readmission; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 33738822
DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12762 -
Indian Journal of Public Health 2023Horticulture or working in plant nursery is one of the main occupations in few areas of the southern part of West Bengal. It is considered as a hazardous health sector... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Horticulture or working in plant nursery is one of the main occupations in few areas of the southern part of West Bengal. It is considered as a hazardous health sector worldwide as it possesses several physical, chemical, and biological risks.
OBJECTIVES
The present study aimed to estimate the occupational health hazards and morbidity profile among the nurserymen living in a rural area of West Bengal and to determine the factors associated with occupational health hazards and morbidity of the participants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An observational descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to November 2021among 132 nurserymen in a subcenter of South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal through interview using a predesigned, pretested, and structured schedule. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 25.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with health hazards and morbidity.
RESULTS
Different types of occupational hazards experienced by the participants were physical (100%), biological (91.6%), ergonomical (91%), chemical (85.6%), and psychological (31.8%). Most common occupation-related morbidity reported was skin rash (82.6%) followed by headache (78%), neck pain (78%), and low back pain (59.8%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age ≥60 years, daily working hours of ≥7 h and presence of chronic disease were statistically significant covariates of hazards. Female gender and working span of >10 years were significant covariates of "high morbidity" (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
One or more types of occupational hazards were experienced by the respondents. Future interventions to address hazards and morbidities of the workers along with the development of preventive measures are the need of the hour.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Occupational Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; India; Morbidity; Logistic Models
PubMed: 37459013
DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_711_23 -
International Urology and Nephrology Aug 2018Depression in dialysis populations is affected by co-morbid diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and immune dysfunction, and it also includes high suicide... (Review)
Review
Depression in dialysis populations is affected by co-morbid diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and immune dysfunction, and it also includes high suicide risk and frequent hospitalizations. Depressive disorders have a close association with malnutrition and chronic inflammation, as well as with cognitive impairment. Impaired cognitive function may be manifested as low adherence to dialysis treatment, leading to malnutrition. Additionally, chronic pain and low quality of sleep lead to high rates of depressive symptoms in haemodialysis patients, while an untreated depression can cause sleep disturbances and increased mortality risk. Depression can also lead to sexual dysfunction and non-adherence, while unemployment can cause depressive disorders, due to patients' feelings of being a financial burden on their family. The present review provides a holistic approach to the factors affecting depression in haemodialysis, offering significant knowledge to renal professionals.
Topics: Depression; Global Health; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Morbidity; Quality of Life; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 29779116
DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1891-0