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Virchows Archiv : An International... Jun 2017Primary bronchopulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (BPMEC) is a rare tumor. The fusion protein MECT1-MAML2 has been implicated as a causative genetic event in salivary... (Review)
Review
Clinicopathologic and genetic features of primary bronchopulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: the MD Anderson Cancer Center experience and comprehensive review of the literature.
Primary bronchopulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (BPMEC) is a rare tumor. The fusion protein MECT1-MAML2 has been implicated as a causative genetic event in salivary and BPMECs. Several studies have shown the impact of MECT1-MAML2 on the diagnosis and prognosis of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma; however, few studies have been published regarding MECT1-MAML2 in the context of primary BPMEC. We describe the clinicopathologic, genetic, and outcome data of 16 patients with BPMEC. Clinicopathologic features were recorded from the electronic medical records. All tumors were reviewed by two expert pulmonary pathologists and graded according to previously established criteria. The presence of MECT1-MAML2 was evaluated with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using RNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue. Patients included 9 women and 7 men with a median age of 50 years (range, 7 to 82 years). Tumors exhibited low (n = 14, 88%), and high (n = 2, 12%) grade histologic features. Eight of nine tested tumors (89%) were positive for MECT1-MAML2. The median follow-up time was 40.8 months (range, 1.8-120). Median overall survival for patients with high-grade tumors was 12 months, which was significantly (p = 0.002) shorter than that for patients with low-grade tumors (survival undefined). We also provide a comprehensive review of literature of cases of primary bronchopulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and summarize our findings in this context. MECT1-MAML2 fusion transcript is a driver genetic event in the pathogenesis of primary BPMEC. Histologic grade continues to play a pivotal role in the survival of patients with primary bronchopulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Child; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Young Adult
PubMed: 28343305
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2104-4 -
Thoracic Cancer Aug 2022Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) is uncommon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features, diagnostic criteria, treatment...
Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) is uncommon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features, diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and prognostic factors relating to primary PMEC. Clinical data on 45 patients with primary PMEC were collected and analyzed retrospectively at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and the First People' Hospital of Longquanyi District Chengdu from January 2008 to December 2020. The 45 patients (25 males and 20 females) ranged in age from 22 to 72 years, with a median age of 49 and an average age of 47.7. All the patients underwent surgery, with 32 receiving only surgery and 13 receiving both surgery and postoperative chemotherapy. A total of 34 instances of low-grade tumors and 11 cases of high-grade tumors were discovered during postoperative pathological diagnosis. Forty-five patients were followed for 13 to 78 months, and four died during this period. In all four instances, a lung infection unrelated to the tumor was determined to be the cause of death. The MAML2 gene translocation was detected in 40 of 45 patients, with 34 of them testing positive. Radical surgery with lymph node dissection is an efficient treatment for PMEC. The prognosis is poor for patients with advanced disease, a negative MAML2 gene translocation, lymph node metastases, and high-grade tumors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Transcription Factors; Translocation, Genetic; Young Adult
PubMed: 35747926
DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14536 -
Cells Jan 2020Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common tumor in the salivary glands, often presenting with recurrence and metastasis due to its high invasive capacity....
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common tumor in the salivary glands, often presenting with recurrence and metastasis due to its high invasive capacity. Metallothionein (MT), a zinc storage protein that supplies this element for protease activity, is probably related to mucoepidermoid carcinoma behavior. This prompted us to characterize a cell line derived from mucoepidermoid carcinoma and to correlate metallothionein expression with transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Transcriptomic analysis and cytogenetic assays were performed to detect the expression of genes of interest and cellular chromosomal alterations, respectively. MEC cells with a depleted metallothionein 2A () gene were subjected to Western blot to correlate metallothionein expression with growth factors and MMPs. Additionally, cells with depleted MT were subjected to migration and invasion assays. The transcriptomic study revealed reads mapped to cytokeratins 19 and AE1/AE3, α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and fibronectin. Cytogenetic evaluation demonstrated structural and numerical alterations, including the translocation t(11;19)(q21;p13), characteristic of MEC. Metallothionein depletion was correlated with the decreased expression of TGF-α and MMP-9, while TNF-α protein levels were augmented. Migration and invasion activity were diminished after metallothionein silencing. Our findings suggest an important role of MT in MEC invasion, through the regulation of proteins involved in this process.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Metallothionein; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 31936364
DOI: 10.3390/cells9010157 -
Cytopathology : Official Journal of the... Nov 2021
Topics: Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Cytodiagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 34086373
DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13018 -
Science Progress 2023Warthin tumor (WT)-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma resembles the histologic pattern of WT and pathologists unaware of this possibility may misdiagnose it as WT with... (Review)
Review
Warthin tumor (WT)-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma resembles the histologic pattern of WT and pathologists unaware of this possibility may misdiagnose it as WT with squamous and mucous epithelium metaplasia or WT malignant transfer into mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The present study reported a case of a 41-year-old Chinese female with a solitary mass in the left parotid gland. In this case, microscopic observation revealed prominent lymph node stroma and multiple cystic structures similar to those seen in WT. However, it lacked the two layers of oncocytic epithelial tissue characteristic of WT. Furthermore, fluorescence hybridization detected MAML2 rearrangement in the case. Considering the histological findings, this case was diagnosed as WT-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The present case report provides pathological and clinical features to differentiate it from WT malignant transition into mucoepidermoid carcinoma, WT with squamous and mucous epithelium metaplasia and non-sebaceous lymphadenoma-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In conclusion, WT-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma as a special subtype of mucoepidermoid carcinoma has special histological characteristics, which required further observations and more case reports to clearly define this variant.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Parotid Gland; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Adenolymphoma; Metaplasia; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
PubMed: 37335119
DOI: 10.1177/00368504231179816 -
Tumori Apr 2022To investigate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive bronchoscopic interventions for patients with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).
AIMS
To investigate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive bronchoscopic interventions for patients with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).
METHODS
Patients with tracheobronchial MEC were included in this retrospective study, and the clinical features, histologic grading, treatments, and cumulative survival rates were calculated. Patients were categorized into child (n = 16) and adult (n = 19) group according to their ages. Histologic grading, treatments, and survival status were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS
In pathology, high-grade MEC counts for 6.77% and 42.10% in the child and adult group, respectively. As tumor growth pattern was concerned, 93.33% and 21.05% tumors in the child and adult group present intratracheal type. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions were conducted, including rigid bronchoscopy, argon plasma coagulation (APC), dioxide carbon cryotherapy, and electric loop. Tumors could be removed by multiple bronchoscopic interventions. Bronchoscopy-associated complications were rare, including an oral mucosa injury and a glottis edema. In the child group, one patient underwent left upper lung lobectomy. In the adult group, lobectomy and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were conducted in seven patients. The 5-year survival rate was 100% and 68.90% in the child and the adult group, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Almost all children have low-grade and intratracheal MEC; 2/5 adults have invasive high-grade MEC. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions are effective in erasing low-grade intratracheal MEC without severe complications. For high-grade invasive MEC, aggressive and comprehensive therapy should be considered.
Topics: Adult; Argon Plasma Coagulation; Bronchoscopy; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Child; Humans; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33745406
DOI: 10.1177/0300891621995898 -
European Archives of... Aug 2023To analyze the risk factors for synchronous lung metastases (LM) in patients with major salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MaSG-MEC).
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the risk factors for synchronous lung metastases (LM) in patients with major salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MaSG-MEC).
METHODS
MaSG-MEC patients were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the baseline characteristics of the patients. We examined the association between risk factors and synchronous LM using Chi-squared tests. The primary study outcomes were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Hazard analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model.
RESULTS
A total of 701 patients were analyzed, which including 8 patients (1.1%) with synchronous LM, and 693 patients without synchronous LM (98.9%). Lower T or N classification, and highly differentiated disease were associated with a significantly lower risk of LM and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower T classification were associated with a significantly lower risk of LM (P < 0.05, respectively). Elderly Caucasian male patients with poorly differentiated disease, multiple sites of metastases and no surgical therapy to primary tumor were more likely to reduce life expectancy.
CONCLUSION
By analyzing data from a large cohort, lower T or N classification and highly differentiated disease were associated with a significantly lower risk of LM. Elderly Caucasian male patients with poorly differentiated disease, multiple sites of metastases and no surgical therapy to primary tumor were more likely to reduce life expectancy. More accurate assessments of LM will be imperative for early diagnosis and treatment in patients who harbored with higher T or N classification and poorly differentiated disease.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Prognosis; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 37100896
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07963-5 -
The Laryngoscope Jan 2023To evaluate clinical outcome of low (G1), intermediate (G2), and high-(G3) grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the parotid gland.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate clinical outcome of low (G1), intermediate (G2), and high-(G3) grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the parotid gland.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective chart review including 212 patients. Clinicopathological data was statistically analyzed regarding grading, overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).
RESULTS
105 (49.5%) G1, 73 (34.5%) G2, and 34 (16%) G3 MEC were included and 56 (26.4%) patients presented with neck node metastases. The risk of occult nodal metastases was significantly associated with grading and increased from 9.2% in G1 to 26.7% and 27.8% in G2 and G3 tumors, respectively (p = 0.008). Elective periparotid and cervical lymph node dissection was performed in 170 (80.2%) and 70 (33%) patients, respectively. All patients with positive periparotid nodes when subjected to an additional neck dissection had associated cervical neck node involvement (p < 0.001). Grading was an independent significant prognostic factor for OS (HR 4.05; 95%CI: 1.15-14.35; p = 0.030) and DSS (HR 17.35; 95%CI: 1.10-273.53; p = 0.043). In a subgroup analysis, elective neck dissection (END) was also significantly associated with a better DFS (p = 0.041) in neck node-negative G1 MECs.
CONCLUSION
The risk of occult nodal metastasis in intermediate-grade MEC is as high as in high-grade MEC and that END in G1 tumors is associated with a prolonged DFS. Additionally, periparotid node involvement seems to be a predictor for positive neck node involvement. This study presents some preliminary data to consider END in clinically neck node negative patients with parotid MEC; however, larger series are needed.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
3 Laryngoscope, 133:124-132, 2023.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Parotid Gland; Lymphatic Metastasis; Retrospective Studies; Neck Dissection; Parotid Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 35475580
DOI: 10.1002/lary.30135 -
The Laryngoscope Mar 2021To identify survival outcomes for patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the oral cavity and the effects of different prognostic factors on survival.
OBJECTIVES
To identify survival outcomes for patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the oral cavity and the effects of different prognostic factors on survival.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study using a national database.
METHODS
Retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database who were diagnosed with MEC of the oral cavity from 1973 to 2016. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated.
RESULTS
A total of 1693 patients with MEC of the oral cavity were included. Of those, there are 696 males and 997 females, the average age at diagnosis being 52.4 years. The vast majority of cases (86.4%) presented with stage I and stage II disease. A total of 206 patients had received both surgical and radiation therapy (RT), while 1338 patients just had undergone only surgery and 149 with no treatment. On multivariate analysis, advanced age, stage, and histologic grade were associated with worse OS and DSS. Surgical therapy was an independent favorable predictor of OS and DSS. For radiotherapy, multivariate analysis showed that it was associated with worse DSS, whereas there was no significant difference in OS.
CONCLUSION
MEC of the oral cavity is associated with a generally favorable prognosis. Advanced age, stage, and histologic grade were independent negative prognostic factors for survival, and surgery was the main treatment to improve survival.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
4 Laryngoscope, 131:E857-E863, 2021.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; SEER Program; Survival Rate; United States
PubMed: 32692861
DOI: 10.1002/lary.28905 -
Oral Oncology Dec 2021Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic impact of primary tumor site in patients...
UNLABELLED
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic impact of primary tumor site in patients with MEC.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This cohort identified 308 patients with MEC who underwent primary surgery between 1985 and 2015. Survival outcomes were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios for primary site were determined using the Cox proportional-hazards model.
RESULTS
One hundred eighty (58%) patients were diagnosed with minor and 128 (42%) with major salivary gland cancer. Primary site in the minor salivary gland group included 137 (44%) oral cavity, 38 (12%) pharynx, 3 (0.9%) nasal cavity, and 2 (0.6%) trachea and larynx. The major salivary gland group included 118 (38%) parotid, 8 (3%) submandibular, and 2 (0.6%) sublingual. With a median follow-up of 73 months, 5-year overall survival and disease-specific survival were 84% and 91%, respectively. Patients with tumors located in the hard palate and retromolar trigone had the best survival, while patients with tumors located in the paranasal sinuses and submandibular gland had the poorest survival. After controlling for tumor grade and stage, MEC primary site was not predictive of survival or recurrence. On multivariate analysis, worse DSS was associated with stage III-IV tumors (HR: 7,11; 95% CI: 1.19-26.43; p = 0.0034) and high-grade tumors (HR: 19.12; 95% CI: 2.26-162.77; p = 0.0068).
CONCLUSIONS
While high grade and advanced overall stage were found to be independent predictors of worse survival, primary tumor site was not predictive of poor outcome.
Topics: Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Humans; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Survival Rate
PubMed: 34768210
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105602