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Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Dec 2019Mucosal surfaces are a unique symbiotic environment between a host and a vast and diverse ecology of microbes. These microbes have great immunomodulatory potential with... (Review)
Review
Mucosal surfaces are a unique symbiotic environment between a host and a vast and diverse ecology of microbes. These microbes have great immunomodulatory potential with respect to the host organism. Indeed, the mucosal immune system strikes a delicate balance between tolerance of commensal organisms and overt inflammation to ward off pathogens. Disruptions of the microbial ecology at mucosal surfaces has been described in a vast number of different human disease processes including many forms of arthritis, and the resulting implications are still being understood to their fullest. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge in microbe-host interactions as it relates to the development of arthritis through bacterial translocation, bacterial metabolite production, education of the immune response, and molecular mimicry.
Topics: Arthritis; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunity, Mucosal; Inflammation; Microbiota
PubMed: 32151461
DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2020.101492 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023
Topics: Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination; HIV Infections
PubMed: 37325655
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1201650 -
Mediators of Inflammation 2015
Topics: Chemokines; Cytokines; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Inflammation; Intestinal Mucosa
PubMed: 25969627
DOI: 10.1155/2015/765303 -
European Journal of Immunology Jul 2021Neuroimmune interactions have been revealed to be at the centre stage of tissue defence, organ homeostasis, and organismal physiology. Neuronal and immune cell subsets... (Review)
Review
Neuroimmune interactions have been revealed to be at the centre stage of tissue defence, organ homeostasis, and organismal physiology. Neuronal and immune cell subsets have been shown to colocalize in discrete tissue environments, forming neuroimmune cell units that constitute the basis for bidirectional interactions. These multitissue units drive coordinated neuroimmune responses to local and systemic signals, which represents an important challenge to our current views of mucosal physiology and immune regulation. In this review, we focus on the impact of reciprocal neuroimmune interactions, focusing on the anatomy of neuronal innervation and on the neuronal regulation of immune cells in peripheral tissues. Finally, we shed light on recent studies that explore how neuroimmune interactions maximise sensing and integration of environmental aggressions, modulating immune function in health and disease.
Topics: Animals; Homeostasis; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Neuroimmunomodulation; Neurons
PubMed: 33895990
DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048812 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Sep 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal
PubMed: 36103421
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2212241 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022
Topics: Immunity, Mucosal; Mucous Membrane; Vaccination
PubMed: 35572599
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905150 -
Nanoscale Jan 2022Mucosal vaccination can elicit both systemic and mucosal immunity, and therefore has the potential to not only treat mucosal immune diseases, prevent the pathogen... (Review)
Review
Mucosal vaccination can elicit both systemic and mucosal immunity, and therefore has the potential to not only treat mucosal immune diseases, prevent the pathogen infection at the mucosal entry sites, but also treat distant or systemic immune disorders. However, only a few mucosal vaccines have been approved for human use in the clinic. Effective mucosal immunization requires the delivery of immunogenic agents to appropriate mucosal surfaces, which remains significantly challenging due to the essential biological barriers presenting at mucosal tissues. In the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in the development of pulmonary mucosal nanovaccines. The nanovaccines leverage advanced nanoparticle-based pulmonary delivery technologies on the characteristics of large surface area and rich antigen presentation cell environment of the lungs for triggering robust immune protection against various mucosal diseases. Herein, we review current methods and formulations of pulmonary delivery, discuss the design strategies of mucosal nanovaccines for potent and long-lasting immune responses, and highlight recent advances in the application of lipid-based pulmonary nanovaccines against mucosal diseases. These advances promise to accelerate the development of novel mucosal nanovaccines for the prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases, and cancer, as well as autoimmune disorders at mucosal tissues.
Topics: Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Lung; Mucous Membrane; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 34918733
DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06512b -
Therapeutic Delivery Jan 2017Most pathogens gain access to the human body and initiate systemic infections through mucosal sites. A large number of currently marketed licensed vaccines are... (Review)
Review
Most pathogens gain access to the human body and initiate systemic infections through mucosal sites. A large number of currently marketed licensed vaccines are parenterally administered; they generate strong systemic immunity but not mucosal immunity. Nasal vaccination is an appealing strategy for the induction of mucosal-specific immunity; however, its development is mostly challenged by several factors, such as inefficient antigen uptake, its rapid mucociliary clearance, size-restricted permeation across epithelial barriers and absence of safe human mucosal adjuvants. Therefore, a safer mucosal-adjuvanting strategy or efficient mucosal delivery platform is much warranted. This review summarizes challenges and the rationale for nasal vaccine development with a special focus on the use of nanoparticles based on polymers and lipids for mucosal vaccine delivery.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Intranasal; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Nanoparticles; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 28145824
DOI: 10.4155/tde-2016-0068 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Dec 2022
Topics: Animals; Humans; COVID-19 Vaccines; Immunity, Mucosal; COVID-19; Vaccines, Synthetic; mRNA Vaccines
PubMed: 36515481
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2022.18.808.2410 -
International Immunology Nov 2021The oral and nasal cavities are covered by the mucosal epithelium that starts at the beginning of the aero-digestive tract. These mucosal surfaces are continuously... (Review)
Review
The oral and nasal cavities are covered by the mucosal epithelium that starts at the beginning of the aero-digestive tract. These mucosal surfaces are continuously exposed to environmental antigens including pathogens and allergens and are thus equipped with a mucosal immune system that mediates initial recognition of pathogenicity and initiates pathogen-specific immune responses. At the dawn of our scientific effort to explore the mucosal immune system, dental science was one of the major driving forces as it provided insights into the importance of mucosal immunity and its application for the control of oral infectious diseases. The development of mucosal vaccines for the prevention of dental caries was thus part of a novel approach that contributed to building the scientific foundations of the mucosal immune system. Since then, mucosal immunology and vaccines have gone on a scientific journey to become one of the major entities within the discipline of immunology. Here, we introduce our past and current efforts and future directions for the development of mucosal vaccines, specifically a rice-based oral vaccine (MucoRice) and a nanogel-based nasal vaccine, with the aim of preventing and controlling gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious diseases using the interdisciplinary fusion of mucosal immunology with agricultural science and biomaterial engineering, respectively.
Topics: Communicable Diseases; Immunity, Mucosal; Vaccines
PubMed: 34436595
DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab056