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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2018
Topics: Humans; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Transplant Recipients
PubMed: 29279350
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00562-17 -
The Journal of Dermatology Oct 2015Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium that is rarely known to cause human skin infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients....
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium that is rarely known to cause human skin infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients. We recently experienced a 69-year-old Japanese woman with this infection who had been under immunosuppressive treatment for recalcitrant rheumatoid arthritis. The patient showed disseminated erythematous plaques and subcutaneous nodules on the face and extremities, and interestingly, the face manifested with a striking "facies leontina" appearance. Biopsy revealed abscess and granulomatous dermatitis with the involvement of peripheral nerve bundles and the presence of innumerable acid-fast bacilli, thus necessitating differentiation from lepromatous leprosy. M. haemophilum was identified by molecular characterization as well as by successful culture with iron supplements. Although drug susceptibility testing indicated responsiveness to multiple antibiotics administrated simultaneously for the treatment, it took over 6 months to achieve significant improvement, and we also employed concurrent oral potassium iodide administration and repeated surgical excision. This case highlights the importance of continuous combination therapy for successful outcome in this rare infection. Furthermore, application of potassium iodide for mycobacterial infection warrants further evaluation by accumulating more cases.
Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Face; Female; Humans; Leprosy; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum
PubMed: 26017241
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12948 -
Neurology Aug 2014
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Encephalitis; Humans; Hypothalamic Diseases; Hypothalamus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Optic Chiasm; Optic Nerve Diseases; T-Lymphocytes; Visual Pathways
PubMed: 25008390
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000702 -
Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie Mar 2023Mycobacterium haemophilum is a rare pathogen belonging to the group of slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that can cause infections, especially in...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a rare pathogen belonging to the group of slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that can cause infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Detection by culturing is difficult because M. haemophilum only grows under special cultivation conditions. Therefore, it is believed that the pathogen is too rarely identified as a cause of disease overall. In addition to patients with severe immunodeficiency, e.g. due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), chemotherapy or immunosuppression after transplantation, patients with underlying rheumatic diseases are increasingly described in the literature, who are at risk due to the immunosuppressive treatment regimen. Clinically, ulcerative skin alterations, lymphadenopathy and arthropathy are in the foreground. In immunosuppressed patients with unclear skin lesions, infections due to M. haemophilum should be considered and specific microbiological diagnostics should be initiated.
Topics: Humans; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Skin Ulcer; Immunocompromised Host
PubMed: 34825949
DOI: 10.1007/s00393-021-01131-y -
Journal of Clinical Rheumatology :... Aug 2021
Topics: Cellulitis; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mycobacterium haemophilum
PubMed: 32251044
DOI: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001365 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Aug 2020Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment and a well-known cause of lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infections. The aim of this study was...
BACKGROUND
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment and a well-known cause of lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of extrapulmonary pediatric NTM infections occurring from 2000 to 2017 in Queensland, Australia.
METHODS
All cases of NTM and TB are notifiable under the Queensland Public Health Act (2005) and associated regulations (2005). Data from 2000 to 2017 inclusive was collected from the Notifiable Conditions Database, a laboratory based notification system that covers private and public laboratory systems. Pediatric population demographic data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics by researching the number of children 0-14 years of age in Queensland from 2000 to 2017; both annual and averaged population was determined. The statistical software SPSS and Tableau was used for analysis.
RESULTS
The mean age of diagnosis was 2.5 years with a majority of the cohort being women. Mycobacterium avium was the most commonly diagnosed pathogen. Geographic regions with the highest numbers of cases were predominantly tropical and coastal areas. M. haemophilum emerged as a more common pathogen from 2011 following a period of major flooding.
CONCLUSION
Characteristics of the cohort of children susceptible to NTM disease appears consistent with previous reports. However, changes in the epidemiology of NTM infection (such as incidence, species, and geographic distribution) in children may be linked to environmental and weather factors.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Climate; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Public Health; Queensland; Soft Tissue Infections
PubMed: 32235244
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002658 -
Surgical Infections Sep 2019The incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections of the skin, soft tissue, and musculoskeletal system (SSTI) has increased over the past two decades,...
The incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections of the skin, soft tissue, and musculoskeletal system (SSTI) has increased over the past two decades, however, relatively few studies have documented the reasons for the reported increase. Specifically, no standardized treatment protocols have been adopted, therefore, clinical prognosis of the patients with NTM SSTI has thus far remained uncertain. In our study, we sought to identify risk factors for treatment failure in southern Taiwan. Patients with NTM SSTI, who received treatment between 2012 and 2015 were included in this retrospective study; detailed medical records, images, tissue specimens for culture, and pathology reports were collected for further analysis. Risk factors for treatment failure were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Forty-two patients (16 females, 26 males; aged 58 ± 14 years) with NTM SSTI were included in the study. Isolated mycobacterial species included complex, , , complex (MAC), , , , , and . The incidence of NTM SSTI was 23.6 per 100,000 inpatients. The sites of infection included the hand/wrist areas, spine, feet, lower legs, femur, knees, shoulders, and elbows, in 15, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 patients, respectively. The time interval between culturing the specimens and diagnosis averaged 21.2 ± 11.4 days. The main risk factors for treatment failure included treatment delays exceeding two months and infection with complex. Improved clinical outcome of NTM with STI may be achieved by identifying the causative NTM species, and by initializing appropriate pharmacotherapy and surgical intervention. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of SSTI and it is recommended that patients with an increased risk of treatment failure should receive prolonged antibiotic treatment and prompt surgical intervention upon diagnosis or indication of NTM infections.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Osteomyelitis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Soft Tissue Infections; Taiwan; Treatment Failure; Young Adult
PubMed: 31066636
DOI: 10.1089/sur.2018.314 -
Pediatrics International : Official... Dec 2017
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Osteomyelitis; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 29205702
DOI: 10.1111/ped.13426 -
Journal of Primary Care & Community... 2021A woman in her late fifties was admitted to the Family Medicine Inpatient Service directly from Rheumatology clinic for polyarticular pain and erythema with concern for...
A woman in her late fifties was admitted to the Family Medicine Inpatient Service directly from Rheumatology clinic for polyarticular pain and erythema with concern for infection. She was taking immunosuppressant medications for a history of multiple autoimmune diseases. Examination showed increasing erythema and tenderness on the upper and lower extremity joints. Histologic evaluation, surgical evaluation, and cultures were consistent with infection. is an uncommon opportunistic infection that usually affects immunocompromised patients. The patient was treated with a multi-drug antibiotic regimen for several months due to drug resistance. Although this opportunistic infection is not common it should be considered in the differential of immunocompromised patients with skin and articular symptoms. Treatment outcomes are usually favorable if it caught earlier in the course.
Topics: Arthralgia; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunomodulation; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum
PubMed: 33764183
DOI: 10.1177/21501327211005894 -
Clinical Imaging 2014We report a case of chiasmitis caused by a rare nontuberculous mycobacterium in an immunocompromised patient. A 44-year-old man with a history of AIDS presented with...
We report a case of chiasmitis caused by a rare nontuberculous mycobacterium in an immunocompromised patient. A 44-year-old man with a history of AIDS presented with recurrent vision loss and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an enhancing mass involving the optic chiasm. Histopathologic and microbiological evaluation revealed infection with Mycobacterium haemophilum. While combination antimicrobial and steroid therapy contributed to improvement in his vision, the patient's symptoms recurred. Follow-up MRI showed extension of infection to the hypothalamus and leptomeninges, indicative of basilar meningitis. MRI is a valuable tool for early diagnosis of chiasmitis as well as for monitoring infection progression and treatment response.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Optic Chiasm; Optic Nerve Diseases; Recurrence
PubMed: 24908366
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2014.02.012