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Progress in Brain Research 2020To study short and long-term effects of acute ocular hypertension (AOHT) on inner and outer retinal layers, in adult Sprague-Dawley rats AOHT (87mmHg) was induced for...
To study short and long-term effects of acute ocular hypertension (AOHT) on inner and outer retinal layers, in adult Sprague-Dawley rats AOHT (87mmHg) was induced for 90min and the retinas were examined longitudinally in vivo with electroretinogram (ERG) recordings and optical coherent tomography (OCT) from 1 to 90 days (d). Ex vivo, the retinas were analyzed for rod (RBC) and cone (CBC) bipolar cells, with antibodies against protein kinase Cα and recoverin, respectively in cross sections, and for cones, horizontal (HZ) and ganglion (RGC) cells with antibodies against arrestin, calbindin and Brn3a, respectively in wholemounts. The inner retina thinned progressively up to 7d with no further changes, while the external retina had a normal thickness until 30d, with a 20% thinning between 30 and 90d. Functionally, the a-wave showed an initial reduction by 24h and a further reduction from 30 to 90d. All other main ERG waves were significantly reduced by 1d without significant recovery by 90d. Radial sections showed a normal population of RBCs but their terminals were reduced. The CBCs showed a progressive decrease with a loss of 56% by 30d. In wholemount retinas, RGCs diminished to 40% by 3d and to 16% by 30d without further loss. Cones diminished to 58% and 35% by 3 and 7d, respectively and further decreased between 30 and 90d. HZs showed normal values throughout the study. In conclusion, AOHT affects both the inner and outer retina, with a more pronounced degeneration of the cone than the rod pathway.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Glaucoma; Ocular Hypertension; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Retinal Horizontal Cells; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 32958209
DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.07.003 -
BMC Endocrine Disorders Sep 2022Ocular hypertension (OHT) is an important clinical feature of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).While the prevalence and outcome of OHT in TAO remains unclear. This...
PURPOSE
Ocular hypertension (OHT) is an important clinical feature of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).While the prevalence and outcome of OHT in TAO remains unclear. This study investigates this in moderate-severe active TAO.
METHODS
Sixty-eight patients with active moderate-severe TAO were recruited, 49 of whom were treated with 12-week GC therapy.The clinical and biochemical parameters were collected.Treatment outcomes were evaluated after GC therapy.
RESULTS
The prevalence of OHT was 44.85% in moderate-severe active TAO patients,including 81.97% of mild hypertension, 13.11% of moderate hypertension and 4.92% of severe hypertension. Clinical and biochemical parameters had no significant difference between OHT patients and non-OHT patients,such as age, sex distributions, smoking status, the kind and the duration of thyroid disease,the duration of eye symptoms and the level of FT3,FT4,TSH, TR-Ab, and Tpo-Ab, Tg-Ab(all P > 0.05). After GC therapy,the intraocular pressure(IOP) in OHT eyes decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while IOP in non-OHT eyes remained unchanged (P > 0.05).There was no significant difference in CAS and the effective rate of GC therapy between OHT eyes and non-OHT eyes (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
In moderate-severe active TAO, the prevalence of OHT was 44.85%, most of which were mild hypertension.OHT was relieved by GC therapy,which had no effect on the efficacy of GC therapy.Our results will enhance physicians' confidence in GC therapy.
Topics: Glucocorticoids; Graves Ophthalmopathy; Humans; Hypertension; Ocular Hypertension; Thyrotropin
PubMed: 36151558
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01153-w -
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine :... Feb 2016
Topics: Altitude Sickness; Female; Humans; Male; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Nerve; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 26795047
DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.10050 -
Biomaterials Science Aug 2022A reliable animal model providing chronic and persistent ocular hypertension and characteristic neurodegeneration is essential to recapitulate human glaucoma and...
A reliable animal model providing chronic and persistent ocular hypertension and characteristic neurodegeneration is essential to recapitulate human glaucoma and understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms behind this disease. Many approaches have been tried to establish persistently elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), while no efficient model and no systematic evaluation has been widely accepted yet. Herein, we developed a novel approach to reliably induce persistent IOP elevation using an injectable hydrogel formulated by hyperbranched macromolecular poly(ethylene glycol) (HB-PEG) and thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) under physiological conditions and established a systematic system for model evaluation. By formulation screening, an appropriate hydrogel with proper mechanical property, non-swelling profile and cytocompatibility was selected for further experiment. By intracameral injection, a persistent IOP elevation over 50% above baseline was obtained and it led to progressive retinal ganglion cell loss and ganglion cell complex thickness reduction. The evaluation of the efficacy of the model was thoroughly analyzed by whole-mounts retina immunostaining, optical coherence tomography, and hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological changes and by electroretinography for visual function changes. The N35-P50 amplitude of the pattern electroretinography and the N2-P2 amplitude of the flash visual-evoked potential were decreased, while the scotopic electroretinography showed no statistically significant changes. The -forming HB-PEG/HA-SH hydrogel system could be an appropriate strategy for developing a reliable experimental glaucoma model without any confounding factors. We expect this model would be conducive to the development of neuroprotective and neuro-regenerative therapies.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Humans; Hydrogels; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 35815806
DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00552b -
Eye & Contact Lens Nov 2021To determine the incidence of ocular hypertension (OHT) and glaucoma in patients with acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and to outline the risk factors for the development of...
OBJECTIVES
To determine the incidence of ocular hypertension (OHT) and glaucoma in patients with acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and to outline the risk factors for the development of glaucoma.
METHODS
A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with AK at our institute during the period from 2000 to 2018. The main outcome measures were the incidence of OHT and glaucoma, and risk factors for the development of glaucoma.
RESULTS
Fifty-two eyes diagnosed with AK were included. The incidence of OHT and glaucoma was 51.9% and 32.7%, respectively. The mean duration from disease onset to the first attack of elevated intraocular pressure was 8.4±16.6 months. The use of corticosteroids in the treatment regimen was significantly associated with the development of glaucoma (odds ratio, 3.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-16.15; P=0.049). At the last follow-up visit, both patients with glaucoma and nonglaucoma patients had improved visual acuity without a difference in the mean amount of logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution acuity improvement among them (0.56±0.91 vs. 0.67±0.87, P=0.686).
CONCLUSION
Our findings confirm that OHT and glaucoma are frequent complications in AK. Patients treated with a regimen containing corticosteroids are at a higher risk; thus, they should receive close intraocular pressure monitoring.
Topics: Acanthamoeba Keratitis; Glaucoma; Humans; Incidence; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors
PubMed: 34334725
DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000824 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2020to describe a clinical case of ocular hypertension (OHT) in Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS). Observational case report of a 43-year-old woman with background of OHT....
to describe a clinical case of ocular hypertension (OHT) in Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS). Observational case report of a 43-year-old woman with background of OHT. The data was collected originally with a standardized electronic medical record. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed. In the biomicroscopy, a posterior embryotoxon, iris atrophy with absence of crypts and irregularity of pigmentation, and discoria in OU were observed. Gonioscopy revealed an open angle with a prominent and anterior displaced Schwalbe line. Ocular fundus (OF) demonstrated small and oblique papillae, with normal neurorretinal ring. Functional tests were normal. The patient did not present systemic pathologies, so the diagnosis of Rieger anomaly was made. The IOP control was achieved with aqueous humor suppressants. Glaucoma is the main cause of visual morbidity in patients with ARS, therefore a complete periodic ophthalmological exam is a priority. :ARS = Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome, RP = retinitis pigmentosa, IOP = Intraocular Pressure, BCVA = Best Corrected Visual Acuity, OR = right eye, OS = left eye, OU = both eyes, OF = ocular fundus, OCT = optical coherence tomography, VF = visual field, TBC = trabeculectomy.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Chamber; Anterior Eye Segment; Eye Abnormalities; Eye Diseases, Hereditary; Female; Gonioscopy; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension
PubMed: 33367186
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2020.70 -
Ophthalmic Research 2015Cataract surgery is one of the most performed surgeries in the developed world. In addition to its significant impact on visual acuity, phacoemulsification has been... (Review)
Review
Cataract surgery is one of the most performed surgeries in the developed world. In addition to its significant impact on visual acuity, phacoemulsification has been hailed as a potential intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering procedure. While current evidence suggests an overall significant and sustained decrease in IOP to exist after cataract surgery, the specific ocular characteristics that could help predict which patients are likely to benefit from this IOP-lowering effect remain unclear. This definition is important in glaucoma patients if this surgery is to be used in the treatment for this disease. Our review aims to summarize the literature on the subject, depicting possible mechanisms behind this IOP decrease, which type of patients are more likely to benefit from this surgery for IOP-lowering purposes and ultimately help optimizing disease management for the increasing number of patients with concomitant glaucoma and cataract.
Topics: Cataract Extraction; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Predictive Value of Tests
PubMed: 25765255
DOI: 10.1159/000377635 -
Journal of Glaucoma Dec 2014Ocular hypertension is a potentially serious complication after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Our objective is to determine the risk factors, incidence, patient...
PURPOSE
Ocular hypertension is a potentially serious complication after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Our objective is to determine the risk factors, incidence, patient characteristics, response to pressure-lowering medical therapy, and graft outcome associated with elevation of intraocular pressure after PKP.
METHODS
One hundred forty-six consecutive eyes that had PKP between June 2001 and June 2003 were operated and managed at Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center. Chart review was performed seeking preoperative and postoperative data on risk factors for ocular hypertension after PKP. Univariate and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify significant risk factors.
RESULTS
After surgery, 70 eyes (47.9%) had at least 1 period of ocular hypertension, with a mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of 27.15±5.66 mm Hg. Ocular hypertension appeared after a mean postoperative period of 70.3±15.8 days, and continued for an average period of 15.6±2.0 days. In 35 eyes (23.9%), a second episode of IOP elevation was noted 212.2±46.8 days after the surgery. Logistic regression analysis revealed that preexisting glaucoma (P=0.009) and an additional surgical procedure combined with PKP (P=0.007) were the main factors predicting ocular hypertension after PKP. In 11 eyes (7.53%) the topical pressure-lowering therapy failed, and they required glaucoma filtering surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of ocular hypertension after PKP is high, and at least 1 episode of high IOP was noted in almost half of our patients. A history of preexisting glaucoma and an additional surgical procedure combined with PKP were found to be significant factors predicting the occurrence of ocular hypertension.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Intraocular Pressure; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tonometry, Ocular; Young Adult
PubMed: 23429622
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e31828700f5 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Mar 2017Sustained drug delivery has been recognized as a need for patients with ocular hypertension or glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Several sustained drug delivery systems and... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Sustained drug delivery has been recognized as a need for patients with ocular hypertension or glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Several sustained drug delivery systems and devices are currently on the horizon. This review aims to summarize initial results with these platforms, as reported in the literature, and also provide insight into their possible role in the glaucoma treatment paradigm.
RECENT FINDINGS
Sustained drug delivery systems currently on the horizon include the topical bimatoprost ocular insert, travoprost and latanoprost punctal plugs, latanoprost-eluting contact lenses, bimatoprost and travoprost intraocular implants, as well as several other therapies in earlier stages of development. Delivery strategies differ with respect to ocular site of implantation, ocular hypotensive agent, and duration of efficacy. Efficacy and safety outcomes with these devices are favorable thus far.
SUMMARY
The glaucoma treatment paradigm is currently in a state of flux as sustained drug delivery systems bring promise to individuals suffering from ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Several options will likely become available in the near future to ease the burden of daily administration of chronic therapy with intraocular pressure-lowering agents.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Delivery Systems; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 27764023
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000334 -
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology : a... Jan 2022Ocular hypertension is a condition with elevated intraocular pressure that needs to be monitored closely to prevent glaucoma and other complications. The study aims to...
INTRODUCTION
Ocular hypertension is a condition with elevated intraocular pressure that needs to be monitored closely to prevent glaucoma and other complications. The study aims to find out the prevalence of ocular hypertension in patients aged more than 40 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in a community based tertiary hospital of Nepal.
RESULTS
Mean age of the patients was 47.53years. 62% of the patients were males and 38% were females. Mean intraocular pressure in the right eye was 15.8 mmHg and mean intraocular pressure in left eye was 16.2 mm Hg. Prevalence of ocular hypertension was 6%.
CONCLUSION
All patients more than 40 years of age should undergo detailed ocular examination for early detection and treatment of ocular hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Prevalence; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 35996922
DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v14i1.29740