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International Journal of Pediatric... Jul 2016Pediatric odontogenic lesions are rare clinical entities and are not well addressed in the otolaryngology literature. Knowledge of the biologic and clinical behavior of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Pediatric odontogenic lesions are rare clinical entities and are not well addressed in the otolaryngology literature. Knowledge of the biologic and clinical behavior of these lesions and their basic features such as location and age are key aspects for otolaryngologists in developing an early clinical differential diagnosis, such that they can provide adequate treatment.
METHODS
Six thousand histologically-diagnosed odontogenic lesions from a 40-year period were reviewed. Pediatric patients (745 cases, 12.7%) aged up to 17 years were selected and reevaluated. The patients were divided into three age groups according to dentition periods: primary dentition (0-5 years), mixed dentition (6-12 years), and permanent dentition (13-17 years). Clinical data, including age, sex, and location, were collected from pathology records.
RESULTS
Of the total of 745 cases, 596 specimens (80%) were diagnosed as odontogenic cysts and 149 specimens (20%) were diagnosed as odontogenic tumors. The most frequent odontogenic cysts were radicular cysts (48.4%), followed by dentigerous cysts (16.7%). The most common odontogenic tumor was odontoma (8.05%).
CONCLUSION
This study shows that all odontogenic lesions in the pediatric group are benign. Odontogenic tumors are relatively rare in this age group. Knowledge of the biological and histopathological behaviors of odontogenic lesions and their basic features such as location and age is a key aspect for developing an early clinical differential diagnosis and providing adequate treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Distribution; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Dentition, Mixed; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 27260607
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.05.010 -
Journal of the College of Physicians... Jan 2017Mandibular swellings may occur as a result of many benign lesions of odontogenic or non-odontogenic origin. Ameloblastomas are benign tumours of odontogenic origin,... (Review)
Review
Mandibular swellings may occur as a result of many benign lesions of odontogenic or non-odontogenic origin. Ameloblastomas are benign tumours of odontogenic origin, whose importance lies in its potential to grow into enormous size with resulting bone deformity, it is a slow-growing, persistent, and locally aggressive neoplasm. The unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) represents an ameloblastoma variant, presenting as a cyst clinically and radiographically, but showing typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining histologically. It commonly occurs in second and third decades of life and is rare in children under 12 years of age, and better response to conservative treatment. It shares many clinical and radiographic features with odontogenic cysts/tumours and/or periapical disease of endodontic origin. Reported here is an unusual case of unicystic ameloblastoma involving the crown of an unerupted mandibular first premolar in a 9-year boy in an uncommon location, which was misdiagnosed as periapical lesion of inflammatory origin clinically, and as a dentigerous cyst radiographically. This highlights the importance to routinely submit the removed surgical specimen for histopathological examination.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Bicuspid; Biopsy, Needle; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Malaysia; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Cysts; Oral Surgical Procedures; Rare Diseases; Tooth; Tooth Extraction; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28292369
DOI: No ID Found -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2021Dentigerous cysts, also known as follicular cysts, are among the most common developmental cysts of the gnathic bones. The majority of cases are clinically asymptomatic...
Dentigerous cysts, also known as follicular cysts, are among the most common developmental cysts of the gnathic bones. The majority of cases are clinically asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on panographic radiographs during routine dental care. The cyst appears as a radiolucency, classically unilocular, associated with the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. Usually diagnosed in the 2nd-3rd decade, third molars of the mandible are the most commonly affected teeth. Histologically, dentigerous cysts demonstrate a fibrous or fibromyxoid connective tissue wall lined by squamous epithelium, classically lacking rete ridges. Inflammation may introduce histologic changes, however. The differential diagnosis includes hyperplastic dental follicle, periapical or radicular cyst, unicystic ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, and other odontogenic cysts and tumors. While the findings are generally classic and pose no diagnostic dilemma, the diagnosis is best made in the context of the appropriate clinical and radiographic setting. Submitted tissue with a lack of history, to include a detailed relationship with the affected tooth, may result in misdiagnosis and subsequent confusion for the clinician. So, despite its simple features, dentigerous cysts are not uncommonly mischaracterized. Therefore a review of a classic case of dentigerous cyst is presented.
Topics: Dentigerous Cyst; Humans; Male; Mandibular Diseases; Radiography, Panoramic; Young Adult
PubMed: 33881736
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01327-3 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2014As our knowledge of disease improves, its classification continually evolves. The last WHO classification of odontogenic tumors was 9 years ago and it is time for... (Review)
Review
As our knowledge of disease improves, its classification continually evolves. The last WHO classification of odontogenic tumors was 9 years ago and it is time for revision. We offer the following critique as a constructive, thought provoking challenge to those chosen to provide contemporary insight into the next WHO classification of odontogenic cysts, tumors, and allied conditions.
Topics: Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; World Health Organization
PubMed: 25409849
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-014-0585-x -
American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy Jan 2018Odontogenic cysts and tumors of the maxilla may be amendable to management by endonasal endoscopic techniques, which may reduce the morbidity associated with open... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Odontogenic cysts and tumors of the maxilla may be amendable to management by endonasal endoscopic techniques, which may reduce the morbidity associated with open procedures and avoid difficult reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review that evaluates the feasibility and outcomes of endoscopic techniques in the management of different odontogenic cysts. A case series of our experience with these minimally invasive techniques was assembled for insight into the technical aspects of these procedures.
METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was used to identify English-language studies that reported the use of endoscopic techniques in the management of odontogenic cysts. Several medical literature data bases were searched for all occurrences in the title or abstract of the terms "odontogenic" and "endoscopic" between January 1, 1950, and October 1, 2016. Publications were evaluated for the technique used, histopathology, complications, recurrences, and the follow-up period. A case series of patients who presented to a tertiary rhinology clinic and who underwent treatment of odontogenic cysts by an endoscopic technique was included.
RESULTS
A systematic review identified 16 case reports or series that described the use of endoscopic techniques for the treatment of odontogenic cysts, including 45 total patients. Histopathologies encountered were radicular (n = 16) and dentigerous cysts (n = 10), and keratocystic odontogenic tumor (n = 12). There were no reported recurrences or major complications for a mean follow-up of 29 months. A case series of patients in our institution identified seven patients without recurrence for a mean follow-up of 10 months.
CONCLUSION
Endonasal endoscopic treatment of various odontogenic cysts are described in the literature and are associated with effective treatment of these lesions for an average follow-up period of >2 years. These techniques have the potential to reduce morbidity associated with the resection of these lesions, although comparative studies would better define specific indications.
Topics: Animals; Dentigerous Cyst; Endoscopy; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29336289
DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2018.32.4492 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Dec 2022Odontogenic cysts are a heterogeneous group of lesions with varied clinical behavior.
INTRODUCTION
Odontogenic cysts are a heterogeneous group of lesions with varied clinical behavior.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Cyclin D1, and transcription factor SOX2 in the odontogenic epithelium evaluating the cell cycle control and cystic expansion.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study including 40 cases, 20 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), 10 botryoid odontogenic cysts (BOC), and 10 glandular odontogenic cysts (GOC).
RESULTS
All cases of OKC, BOC, and GOC were positive for EGFR in all layers of the cyst lining. The highest expression of nuclear Cyclin D1 was observed in the suprabasal layer of OKCs and in the basal and suprabasal layers of GOC and BOC (p < 0.001). In addition, SOX2 was only expressed in the suprabasal layer of OKCs.
CONCLUSION
The high expression of EGFR in the cyst membrane suggests that EGF stimulates epithelial proliferation in BOCs, and the high expression of SOX2 in OKCs may be related to the presence of stem cells in the lesion. Cyclin D1 is related to cell cycle disruption in G1-S contributing to stimulates epithelial proliferation of OKCs and GOCs and BOCs.
Topics: Humans; Cyclin D1; Cross-Sectional Studies; Immunohistochemistry; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Cell Proliferation; Biomarkers; ErbB Receptors
PubMed: 35059898
DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-01026-x -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Jun 2020To characterize clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of canine furcation cysts (CFCs) in dogs and to propose possible mechanisms of CFC development.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of canine furcation cysts (CFCs) in dogs and to propose possible mechanisms of CFC development.
ANIMALS
20 client-owned dogs with CFCs biopsied between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017.
PROCEDURES
Medical records of the Center for Comparative Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison were retrospectively searched to identify records of dogs that had surgical biopsy specimens of mandibular or maxillary cavitary lesions diagnosed as odontogenic cysts and that met additional inclusion criteria. Biopsy sample submission records, medical records, clinical and radiographic images, and histologic samples were reviewed. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic features were evaluated.
RESULTS
Mean body weight and age of affected dogs were 23.5 kg (51.7 lb) and 8.2 years, respectively. All 20 dogs had a unilateral cyst, with the right (n = 13) or left (7) maxillary fourth premolar tooth affected and viable in all dogs. A predominant clinical sign was a fluctuant swelling of the buccal gingiva and mucosa overlying the CFC, and enucleation of the cyst lining, with or without extraction of the affected tooth, resolved the lesion in most dogs.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our findings indicated that CFC is an odontogenic cyst of uncertain etiopathogenesis and that complete evaluation of the clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of the lesion in affected patients is necessary to distinguish a CFC from other odontogenic cysts and tumors in dogs. Defining CFCs in terms of characteristic features permits accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these previously unclassifiable odontogenic cysts in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Biopsy; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Mandible; Maxilla; Odontogenic Cysts; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32459593
DOI: 10.2460/javma.256.12.1359 -
Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2017The orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is a relatively rare developmental odontogenic cyst of the jaws that occurs predominantly in males between the third and fourth... (Review)
Review
The orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is a relatively rare developmental odontogenic cyst of the jaws that occurs predominantly in males between the third and fourth decades. According to the 2005 World Health Organization's classification, orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is not a part of the keratocystic odontogenic tumor spectrum. We present a case of a 41-year-old male with a history of remarkable lingual expansion in the anterior part of the maxilla since last year with rapid growth in the last three months as a unilocular well-defined radiolucent lesion extending from maxillary left central incisor to the right second premolar. Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is a specific type of keratinized odontogenic cysts which is completely different from keratocystic odontogenic tumor from the viewpoint of the clinical and pathological features.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Maxillary Diseases; Odontogenic Cysts
PubMed: 25110243
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2014.01273 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery May 2022The authors conducted this study to provide morphological and volumetric data of recurrent odontogenic keratocysts of the upper and lower jaw to emphasize risk factors...
PURPOSE
The authors conducted this study to provide morphological and volumetric data of recurrent odontogenic keratocysts of the upper and lower jaw to emphasize risk factors in accordance with their radiological appearance and guide clinical decisions for jeopardized patients.
METHODS
By applying the open-source software "ITK-Snap" on cone-beam computed tomography images, volumetric measurements of histopathologically diagnosed recurrent odontogenic keratocysts could be performed. For statistical investigations, descriptive statistics and independent Student t test were performed. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess intra- and inter-rater reliabilities. P values P < 0.05 were considered significant.
RESULTS
Forty patients (24 male and 16 female) were included in this study. Recurrent odontogenic keratocysts had a mean maximum diameter of 28.91 mm ± 12.00 mm and a mean volume of 4.48 cm3 ± 4.29 cm3. According to morphology, irregular shape (P = 0.001; P = 0.005), unclear margin (P = 0.001; P = 0.001), multilocular morphology (P = 0.001; P = 0.001), and cortical bone exceedance (P = 0.001; P = 0.007) are statistically significantly associated with a larger cyst diameter and volume. Furthermore, significant differences by diameter and volume could be shown between patients with and without iliac crest graft reconstruction (P = 0.001; P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Volumetric analysis reveals that recurrent odontogenic keratocysts show large diametric and volumetric extension that leads to complex reconstruction by iliac crest grafts, adding an argument that special attention should be paid to this entity and its recurrence. in case of difficult histopathological examination, lesions with irregular shape and margin, multilocular morphology, cortical bone exceedance, and clinically visible symptoms should be considered for close morphological and volumetric clinico- radiological follow-up.
Topics: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Jaw; Male; Mandible; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 34538797
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000008161 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2020Previous reports of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) with coverage of the old literature have tended to overlook the underlying... (Review)
Review
Previous reports of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) with coverage of the old literature have tended to overlook the underlying theme of the first description. From a historical viewpoint, a French paper "kyste butyreux du sinus maxillaire simulant un cancer encéphaloid" published in 1855 by Maisonneuve popularized the notion of so-called "buttery cyst", which ultimately became known as jaw cyst with a keratinized lining. Soon after in 1856, Nélaton presented a case of OKC at the Anatomical Society of Paris, but his brief communication provided little information about its histopathology. It was Mikulicz who conducted, in 1876, a pioneering descriptive pathological study of OKC. In 1886, 10 years after Mikulicz's German report, OOC was first described in detail by Jeannel of Toulouse. The mid to late decades of the nineteenth century saw notable European contributions on the topic.
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Odontogenic Cysts
PubMed: 31873934
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01115-0