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International Journal of Dentistry 2022CDC7 is a serine-threonine kinase that plays a key role in initiating DNA replication. It has been implicated in the growth and invasion of many pathologic lesions and...
OBJECTIVES
CDC7 is a serine-threonine kinase that plays a key role in initiating DNA replication. It has been implicated in the growth and invasion of many pathologic lesions and suggested as a diagnostic marker. The aim of this study was to evaluate CDC7 in some odontogenic tumors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 45 cases, including 19 ameloblastomas, 15 dentigerous cysts, 7 ameloblastic fibromas, and 4 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), were studied immunohistochemically. ANOVA and post hoc methods were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
CDC7 expression was observed in 93% of tumors and all dentigerous cysts. The expression rate was low. The results showed a higher expression rate of CDC7 in ameloblastoma and ameloblastic fibroma compared to AOT (=0.009 and =0.048, respectively). Ameloblastoma and ameloblastic fibroma were not significantly different in CDC7 expression (=0.6).
CONCLUSION
According to the results, the expression of the CDC7 protein in odontogenic tumors is low. The higher expression of CDC7 in ameloblastoma and ameloblastic fibroma in comparison with AOT confirms the hamartomatous growth of the latter, so it can be considered as a potential diagnostic marker. Future studies with a larger sample size are suggested to obtain a cut-off point for diagnostic purposes.
PubMed: 36483932
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6336003 -
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology :... 2023Evaluation of bone pathology within the head and neck region, particularly the gnathic bonesis is complex, demonstrating unique pathologic processes. In part, this... (Review)
Review
Evaluation of bone pathology within the head and neck region, particularly the gnathic bonesis is complex, demonstrating unique pathologic processes. In part, this variation is due to odontogenesis and the embryological cells that may be involved, which can contribute to disease development and histologic variability. As with any boney pathosis, the key is to have clinical correlation, particularly with radiographic imaging prior to establishing a definitive diagnosis. This review will cover those entities that have a predilection for the pediatric population, and while it is not all inclusive, it should serve as a foundation for the pathologist who is evaluating bony lesions involving the craniofacial skeleton.
Topics: Humans; Child; Bone and Bones; Neck; Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 37232383
DOI: 10.1177/10935266231170744 -
Head & Face Medicine Jul 2021Aberrant expression of stem cell markers has been observed in several types of neoplasms. This trait attributes to the acquired stem-like property of tumor cells and can...
BACKGROUND
Aberrant expression of stem cell markers has been observed in several types of neoplasms. This trait attributes to the acquired stem-like property of tumor cells and can impact patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze the expression and significance of SOX2 and OCT4 in various types of odontogenic cysts and tumors.
METHODS
Fifty-five cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors, including 15 ameloblastomas (AM), 5 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), 5 ameloblastic fibromas (AF), 5 calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC), 10 dentigerous cysts (DC) and 15 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) were investigated for the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 immunohistochemically.
RESULTS
Most OKCs (86.7 %) and all AFs expressed SOX2 in more than 50 % of epithelial cells. Its immunoreactivity was moderate-to-strong in all epithelial cell types in both lesions. In contrast, SOX2 expression was undetectable in AOTs and limited to the ameloblast-like cells in a minority of AM and COC cases. Most DCs showed positive staining in less than 25 % of cystic epithelium. Significantly greater SOX2 expression was noted in OKC compared with DC or AM, and in AF compared with COC or AOT. OCT4 rarely expressed in odontogenic lesions with the immunoreactivity being mild and present exclusively in OKCs.
CONCLUSIONS
SOX2 is differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts and tumors. This could be related to their diverse cells of origin or stages of histogenesis. The overexpression of SOX2 and OCT4 in OKC indicates the acquired stem-like property. Future studies should investigate whether the overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2 contributes to the aggressive behaviors of the tumors.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; SOXB1 Transcription Factors; Stem Cells
PubMed: 34261507
DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00283-1 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023Four camels () presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at King Faisal University with maxillary masses. On radiographs, the masses were multicystic and expanded...
Four camels () presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at King Faisal University with maxillary masses. On radiographs, the masses were multicystic and expanded the maxillary bone. The tumors were diagnosed by histopathologic examination as conventional ameloblastoma, two cases as intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma, and central odontogenic fibroma with ossification. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of ameloblastoma in a camel, the first detailed description of maxillary squamous cell carcinoma in camels, and the first report of central odontogenic fibroma in any animal species.
PubMed: 37456952
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153398 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2015Ghost cells have been a controversy for a long time. Ghost cell is a swollen/enlarged epithelial cell with eosnophilic cytoplasm, but without a nucleus. In routine H and... (Review)
Review
Ghost cells have been a controversy for a long time. Ghost cell is a swollen/enlarged epithelial cell with eosnophilic cytoplasm, but without a nucleus. In routine H and E staining these cells give a shadowy appearance. Hence these cells are also called as shadow cells or translucent cells. The appearance of these cells varies from lesion to lesion involving odontogenic and nonodontogenic lesions. This article review about the origin, nature and significance of ghost cells in different neoplasms.
PubMed: 26015694
DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.155864 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2024Cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) of the jaws is currently classified as a benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor, and only targeted approaches have been used to assess its...
Cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) of the jaws is currently classified as a benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor, and only targeted approaches have been used to assess its genetic alterations. A minimal proportion of COFs harbor CDC73 somatic mutations, and copy number alterations (CNAs) involving chromosomes 7 and 12 have recently been reported in a small proportion of cases. However, the genetic background of COFs remains obscure. We used a combination of whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing to assess somatic mutations, fusion transcripts, and CNAs in a cohort of 12 freshly collected COFs. No recurrent fusions have been identified among the 5 cases successfully analyzed by RNA sequencing, with in-frame fusions being detected in 2 cases (MARS1::GOLT1B and PARG::BMS1 in one case and NCLN::FZR1 and NFIC::SAMD1 in the other case) and no candidate fusions identified for the remaining 3 cases. No recurrent pathogenic mutations were detected in the 11 cases that had undergone whole-exome sequencing. A KRAS p.L19F missense variant was detected in one case, and 2 CDC73 deletions were detected in another case. The other variants were of uncertain significance and included variants in PC, ACTB, DOK6, HACE1, and COL1A2 and previously unreported variants in PTPN14, ATP5F1C, APOBEC1, HDAC5, ATF7IP, PARP2, and ACTR3B. The affected genes do not clearly converge on any signaling pathway. CNAs were detected in 5/11 cases (45%), with copy gains involving chromosome 12 occurring in 3/11 cases (27%). In conclusion, no recurrent fusions or pathogenic variants have been detected in the present COF cohort, with copy gains involving chromosome 12 occurring in 27% of cases.
Topics: Humans; Cementoma; Fibroma, Ossifying; Odontogenic Tumors; Genomics; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
PubMed: 37995913
DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100388 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Jan 2022Hybrid odontogenic lesions combine histopathological characteristics of two or more odontogenic cysts and/or tumours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the available... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hybrid odontogenic lesions combine histopathological characteristics of two or more odontogenic cysts and/or tumours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the available data on hybrid odontogenic lesions (HOL) and to analyse their epidemiological/clinical features and biological behaviour.
METHODS
An electronic search was done in January 2021 using multiple databases. Eligibility criteria encompassed publications with sufficient clinical and histological information to confirm the tumours' diagnoses.
RESULTS
A total of 147 articles were included in this study, comprising 203 cases. Calcifying odontogenic cyst associated with odontoma (COC/OD) (37/18.2%) was the most common HOL. Females were more affected with a mean age of 24.9 years. Lesions presented as asymptomatic swellings, with a mean evolution time of 8.2 months (0.3-96), and mean tumour size of 4.8 cm (0.3-7). Radiographic aspects frequently showed radiolucent (139/68.4%) and unilocular (52/25.6%) images with well-defined limits (48/23.6%). The lesions mostly affected mandibular pre-molars (69/34%) and mandibular molars (69/34%) regions. Enucleation (89/43.8%) and surgical excision (59/29%) were the most common treatment modalities. The mean follow-up time was 33.8 months (0.5-216 months) and recurrences were observed in four cases (1.9%), all of which were central odontogenic fibroma associated with central giant cell granuloma (COF/CGCG).
CONCLUSION
COC/OD is the most common HOL and recurrence is a rare event, being usually associated with the diagnosis of COF/CGCG.
Topics: Adult; Female; Granuloma, Giant Cell; Humans; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontoma; Young Adult
PubMed: 34469012
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13238 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Feb 2023Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare mixed odontogenic benign tumor that can occur in either mandible or maxilla but mostly it is found in posterior region of mandible. It can...
Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare mixed odontogenic benign tumor that can occur in either mandible or maxilla but mostly it is found in posterior region of mandible. It can present either peripherally or centrally with a majority of the cases predominantly occurring in first two decades of life and mostly affects male patients. It is characterized by epithelial islands and cords submerged in ectomesenchyme that bear resemblance to the dental papilla and enamel organ but without actual hard tissue formation. Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare odontogenic tumor consisting of neoplastic epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Recent reports have suggested that this lesion has the potential for high recurrence (18%) and greater chances of recurrent Ameloblastic fibroma transforming into Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (45%). A 34-year-old male patient presented with pain and swelling in right mandibular posterior region. Intraorally expansion of buccal cortical plate with tenderness over swelling was present. Extraoral examination revealed facial asymmetry on right side. In view of imaging and clinical findings, provisional diagnosis of Odontogenic Keratocyst or Recurrent Ameloblastoma was considered. After obtaining informed consent and general systemic evaluation, the lesion was enucleated under general anesthesia and biopsied which confirmed the diagnosis of Ameloblastic fibroma. Ameloblastic fibroma is a mixed odontogenic tumor composed of odontogenic ectomesenchyme resembling dental papilla with epithelial strands and nests similar to the dental lamina and enamel organ, but with no dental hard tissue formation. Odontogenic tumors, Ameloblasts, Ameloblastoma, Jaw neoplasm.
PubMed: 37082286
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_337_22 -
Analytical Cellular Pathology... 2018Growth factors like bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) play a major role in organogenesis and specifically in odontogenesis. They...
Growth factors like bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) play a major role in organogenesis and specifically in odontogenesis. They are also believed to have a role in oncogenesis. Thus, any discrepancies in their standard behavior and activity would lead to serious abnormalities including odontogenic cyst and tumors. The present research work investigated the expression of BMP4 and FGF8 in odontogenic tumors (OT) and cyst as well as developing tooth germs to elucidate their roles. Dental organs of various odontogenic stages and 30 OTs including solid multicystic ameloblastomas (SMA, 10 cases), ameloblastic fibroma (AF, 10 cases), odontogenic myxoma (OM, 10 cases), and odontogenic cysts: odontogenic keratocyst (OKC, 10 cases) were evaluated in both epithelial and mesenchymal components for the expression of BMP4 and FGF8 using immunohistochemistry. The epithelial nuclear expression of BMP4 was highest in OKC (9 cases) while FGF8 was highest in SMA (10 cases). The mesenchymal nuclear expression of both BMP4 (8 cases) ( = 0.001) and FGF8 (9 cases) ( = 0.045) were significantly high in OMs among all OTs. Both growth factors were actively expressed in different stages of tooth development. The expression of BMP4 and FGF8 corelates well with the proliferative component of the pathologies, indicating a possible role in the pathogenesis and progression.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; Cell Nucleus; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mesoderm; Myxoma; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 30079292
DOI: 10.1155/2018/1204549 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Apr 2024This study presents the behavioural findings of central odontogenic fibroma (COF) in a specific ethnic group, analysing treatment methods and demonstrating how involved... (Review)
Review
This study presents the behavioural findings of central odontogenic fibroma (COF) in a specific ethnic group, analysing treatment methods and demonstrating how involved teeth should be managed in detail. Clinical, radiographic, and histological findings were gathered for 29 patients who visited our clinic, with all patients' data carefully examined by radiologists and reviewed microscopically. The cohort comprised 29 patients, with 16 females and 13 males, having a mean (SD) age of 33.1 (16.0) years. Among them, 19 patients were affected in the maxilla, with 15 showing anterior preference, and palatal depression was observed in six patients. Tooth resorption was evident in 15 patients, while 10 patients showed tooth displacement. Within the cohort, 13 patients underwent tooth extraction and resection, while the remaining 16 did not have teeth extracted. Notably, there was no significant difference in recurrence observed between these two groups. This study represents the largest study to date of COF within a single ethnic group and institution. A subset of cases exhibited noteworthy features of COF. However, intriguingly, despite these characteristics, the preservation of contiguous teeth did not demonstrate a significant impact on recurrence rates.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Odontogenic Tumors; Adult; Middle Aged; Fibroma; Adolescent; Tooth Extraction; Republic of Korea; Young Adult; Maxillary Neoplasms; Child; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 38311535
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.12.008