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Journal of the National Comprehensive... Aug 2018
Topics: Empathy; Medical Oncology; Neoplasms; Oncologists; Patient Discharge; Patient Navigation; Physician-Patient Relations
PubMed: 30099366
DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0068 -
Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official... Nov 2019
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Attitude of Health Personnel; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Clinical Decision-Making; Decision Support Techniques; Evidence-Based Medicine; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Neoplasms; Oncologists; Patient Selection; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Unnecessary Procedures
PubMed: 31398083
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.00741 -
European Journal of Surgical Oncology :... Aug 2018Chest wall inflammatory and lymphangitic breast cancer represents a clinical spectrum and a model disease. Inflammation and the immune response have a role in the... (Review)
Review
Chest wall inflammatory and lymphangitic breast cancer represents a clinical spectrum and a model disease. Inflammation and the immune response have a role in the natural history of this special clinical presentation. Preclinical models and biomarker studies suggest that inflammatory breast cancer comprises a more important role for the tumour microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration and vasculogenesis, especially lympho-angiogenesis. Across this clinical continuum of the chest wall disease there is an important role of the inflammation cascade. The activation of mature dendritic cells (DCs) through toll like receptors (TLRs) or by inflammatory cytokines converts immature DCs into mature DCs that present specific antigen to T cells, thereby activating them. Maturation of DCs is accompanied by co-stimulatory molecules and secretion of inflammatory cytokines polarizing lymphocytic, macrophages and fibroblast infiltration. It is unknown whether immune cells associated to the IBC microenvironment play a role in this scenario to transiently promote epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in these cells. Immune and microenvirnment factors can induce phenotypic, morphological, and functional changes in breast cancer cells. We can hypothesize that similar inflammatory conditions in vivo may support both the rapid metastasis and tight tumor emboli that are characteristic of chest wall disease and that targeted anti-inflammatory therapy may play a role in this patient population. The current review will review biological and clinical data of this special condition.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Clinical Competence; Female; Humans; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms; Oncologists; Thoracic Diseases; Thoracic Wall; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 30032791
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.05.019 -
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Mar 2021Despite calls to increase prognosis communication for adolescents with cancer, limited research has examined their perceptions of prognosis as compared with their...
OBJECTIVE
Despite calls to increase prognosis communication for adolescents with cancer, limited research has examined their perceptions of prognosis as compared with their parents. We assessed adolescents' understanding of their prognosis relative to parents and oncologists.
METHODS
Families of adolescents (aged 10-17) were recruited at two pediatric institutions following a new diagnosis or relapse. Seventy-four adolescents, 68 mothers, and 40 fathers participated at enrollment; 76 adolescents, 69 mothers, and 35 fathers participated one year later. The adolescent's primary oncologist reported on prognosis only at enrollment. Participants rated the likelihood of the adolescent's survival in five years, as well as reporting prognosis communication and sources of information.
RESULTS
Most oncologists (65%) and fathers (63%) discussed prognosis in numerical terms with the adolescent at baseline, which was greater than mother report (49%) of discussions of numerical prognosis with adolescents. Adolescents reported a better prognosis than oncologists, but comparable with mothers at diagnosis and one year. Adolescents' prognosis estimates were stable over time (P > .05). At diagnosis, adolescent-father (P = 0.025) and adolescent-oncologist (P < 0.001) discrepancies were larger for youth with advanced than non-advanced cancer. Adolescents whose parents received numerical prognosis estimates from the oncologist, and whose fathers reported providing numerical prognosis estimates had more accurate understandings of prognosis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Adolescent prognosis estimates were comparable with those of parents at diagnosis and one year but more favorable than that of oncologists. Although additional research is needed, results suggest discrepancies in prognosis estimates between family members and oncologists, particularly for adolescents with advanced cancer.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Communication; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Neoplasms; Oncologists; Parents; Prognosis; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33320998
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28826 -
International Journal of Radiation... Jun 2018
Topics: Deductibles and Coinsurance; Financing, Personal; Health Expenditures; Humans; Insurance, Major Medical; Oncologists
PubMed: 29726360
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.11.046 -
International Journal of Radiation... Sep 2019
Review
Topics: Biology; Career Mobility; Diffusion of Innovation; Forecasting; Global Health; Health Policy; Humans; Industrial Development; Medical Informatics; Medical Informatics Applications; Palliative Care; Radiation Oncologists; Radioactive Hazard Release; Rural Health Services; United States
PubMed: 31128144
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.05.025 -
Recenti Progressi in Medicina Oct 2016The cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is considered a multifactorial syndrome that leads a general decline of the cancer patient conditions, prognosis and... (Review)
Review
The cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is considered a multifactorial syndrome that leads a general decline of the cancer patient conditions, prognosis and survival, and characterized by progressive loss of body mass and functional impairment, due to marked energy metabolism imbalance and immunological disorders. It is the cause of death in almost one out of five advanced cancer patients. CACS is also accompanied with loss of quality of life, reduced response and tolerance to anticancer therapies and affected outcome. This condition arises by acute-chronic inflammation, hypercatabolism and resulting in an increased energy expenditure, anorexia and negative caloric balance. Although the international scientific community has reached some important findings in last years regarding CACS, a precise definition agreement for CACS in order to a precise patients assessment is still lacking. In light of the advances in pathogenesis and evaluation of CACS, as well as those reached in the therapy, this review aims to draft a list of key points that could be useful for the oncologist to recognize the different signs and symptoms of this syndrome, in order to evaluate and stage the cancer patients in attempt to target an early multimodal pharmacological-nutritional treatment strategy to improve his outcome and his quality of life.
Topics: Anorexia; Cachexia; Humans; Neoplasms; Oncologists; Quality of Life
PubMed: 27782227
DOI: 10.1701/2454.25702 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2016Superior vena cava syndrome is referred to as a constellation of symptoms and signs caused by obstruction of superior vena cava. It can occur due to both benign and... (Review)
Review
Superior vena cava syndrome is referred to as a constellation of symptoms and signs caused by obstruction of superior vena cava. It can occur due to both benign and malignant causes with the latter being the predominant. There is a paradigm shift in the approach to manage this condition. It is no longer considered a medical emergency and histological diagnosis is necessary before treatment. This article reviews the causes, symptoms, pathophysiology, and overall management policy which have changed over decades.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasms; Radiation Oncologists; Radiation Oncology; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
PubMed: 27461602
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.177503 -
International Journal of Radiation... Apr 2023
Topics: Humans; Radiopharmaceuticals; Radiation Oncologists; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Radiation Oncology; Oncologists
PubMed: 36922079
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.11.043 -
Cancer Treatment Reviews Jul 2018The cancer burden is rising globally with an increasing need for oncologists. The significant demands associated with caring for cancer patients within a rapidly... (Review)
Review
The cancer burden is rising globally with an increasing need for oncologists. The significant demands associated with caring for cancer patients within a rapidly evolving scientific field, poses manifold challenges, including the risk of work-related burnout. Surveys have already shown that the prevalence of burnout in oncologists worldwide is significant. There is growing concern that burnout has a detrimental impact on the wellbeing of oncologists and their patients. In this review article, we provide an oncologist's perspective on this important and topical issue. We have summarised the literature with regard to the consequences of physician burnout, its associated risk factors and previously evaluated solutions. We conclude by suggesting further strategies for addressing this problem.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Oncologists
PubMed: 29860137
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.05.009