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Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Sep 2023Traditionally, ophthalmologists complete training and then choose a clinical care setting. The skills required to become an ophthalmologist can be applied to a variety... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Traditionally, ophthalmologists complete training and then choose a clinical care setting. The skills required to become an ophthalmologist can be applied to a variety of alternative career paths within and beyond healthcare. Not unexpectedly, therefore, there is a growing trend for ophthalmologists to explore alternative career paths in both healthcare and the life science industry more broadly. In this invited editorial, we summarize the more commonly considered 'alternative career paths,' and provide personal perspectives that have helped us and others when weighing such options.
RECENT FINDINGS
Prior to pursuing an alternative career path, it is important to reflect on one's motivations and goals. A number of alternative careers paths are available, and the choice of when and what to pursue is both personal and personalizable. While it can be difficult to know a priori whether and to what extent a given path will be both enjoyable and rewarding, insights and advice from those who have walked that path before you can be invaluable. We review the more common paths of administrative leadership, entrepreneurship and innovation, product development, healthcare policy, nonprofit organizations, and investing, noting that these are just examples of the many options currently available.
SUMMARY
Ophthalmologists should feel empowered to design a career that is both purposeful and personally meaningful, as this will result ultimately in the greatest happiness and fulfillment. There is a world of opportunity available to those who are willing to explore and create their own path.
Topics: Humans; Ophthalmologists; Career Mobility
PubMed: 37527203
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000975 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Feb 2023To evaluate lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and other sexual/gender minority (LGBTQ+) orientation as a burnout risk factor among an international...
PURPOSE
To evaluate lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and other sexual/gender minority (LGBTQ+) orientation as a burnout risk factor among an international ophthalmologist cohort.
METHODS
An anonymous, cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed via an Internet platform to characterize the relationship among demographic factors, including LGBTQ+ orientation, and burnout as measured by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Univariable data analysis (linear) by sexual orientation was performed and variables with an association with a P value of <0.15 in univariable analysis were included in the multiple linear regression modeling.
RESULTS
A total of 403 ophthalmologists participated in the survey. The majority self-identified as "White" (69.2%), were from North America (72.0% United States, 18.6% Canada) and were evenly distributed between age of 30 and 65 years. Overall, 13.2% of participants identified as LGBTQ+ and 98.2% as cisgender. Approximately 12% had witnessed or experienced LGBTQ+-related workplace discrimination or harassment. The personal and work-related burnout scores and confidence limits of persons identified as LGBTQ+ were higher and nonoverlapping compared with those reported as non-LGBTQ+. Multivariable analysis identified significant risk factors for higher personal and work-related burnout scores: LGBTQ+ (11.8 and 11.1, P = .0005 and .0023), female gender (5.36 and 4.83, P = .0153 and .0434), older age (19.1 and 19.2, P = .0173 and .0273). and caretaker stress (6.42 and 5.97, P = .0085 and .0239).
CONCLUSIONS
LGBTQ+ orientation is a burnout risk factor among ophthalmologists, and LGBTQ+ workplace discrimination may be a contributing factor. Support from ophthalmology organizations to address LGBTQ+-, gender-, and age-related workplace discrimination may decrease burnout. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; United States; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Ophthalmologists; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sexual Behavior; Gender Identity; Burnout, Psychological
PubMed: 36252675
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.10.002 -
Translational Vision Science &... Jan 2020
Topics: Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Humans; Ophthalmologists
PubMed: 32518707
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.2.2 -
Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology : a... Jan 2021
Topics: Female; Humans; Nepal; Ophthalmologists; Ophthalmology
PubMed: 33981091
DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v13i1.35607 -
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Feb 2022Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a relatively new class of medications that activate normal tumor surveillance mechanisms. These agents have tremendous utility in... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a relatively new class of medications that activate normal tumor surveillance mechanisms. These agents have tremendous utility in treating a variety of cancers and are thus being used with increasing frequency. However, these medications carry significant ophthalmic toxicities. This review aims to discuss the most common ocular side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
METHODS
A literature search was performed to identify reports of ophthalmic side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The articles were reviewed, and data was extracted.
RESULTS
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may result in a wide variety of ophthalmic complications, including ocular surface disease, uveitis, orbital inflammation, myositis and myopathy, optic nerve disease, and chorioretinal lesions. While many of these toxicities respond to topical and systemic corticosteroids, more severe presentations necessitate temporary or permanent discontinuation of therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
This class of medication may yield a spectrum of ocular side effects, and ophthalmologists must be cognizant of these problems and their implications. Patient education facilitates appropriate vigilance and awareness of these issues. Coordination with the oncologic team will help to determine optimal treatment strategies.
Topics: Eye Diseases; Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Neoplasms; Ophthalmologists
PubMed: 33386059
DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1867192 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Feb 2017
Topics: Clinical Competence; Education, Medical, Graduate; Humans; India; Internship and Residency; Ophthalmologists; Ophthalmology
PubMed: 28345558
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_177_17 -
Journal of Optometry 2022In recent past, major pandemics and epidemics have occurred due to the emergence and resurgence of the novel strains of viruses like Influenza [HINI-A "Spanish Flu",... (Review)
Review
In recent past, major pandemics and epidemics have occurred due to the emergence and resurgence of the novel strains of viruses like Influenza [HINI-A "Spanish Flu", H1N1-Novel A "Swine flu"], Corona [Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2)] and Ebola virus [Ebola virus disease]. These infectious diseases may have several ocular manifestations and rarely might be the presenting symptom of the underlying disease. The eyes can act as a portal of entry and/or route of viral transmission for these pathogens. Therefore, an ophthalmologist/optometrist needs to act with ample preparedness and responsibility. Establishing a standard of care in ophthalmic practice by modifying the conventional examination techniques and adopting tele-ophthalmology model to triage the patients can control the community spread of the disease. This article aims to elucidate the ocular manifestations in these pandemics and measures that should be adopted in ophthalmic practice to prevent the disease transmission.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza, Human; Ophthalmologists; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33422421
DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2020.10.005 -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Sep 2020
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Internship and Residency; Occupational Diseases; Ophthalmologists; Ophthalmology; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32653316
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.06.010 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2018Goldenhar syndrome (oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia, OAVS) is a rare, congenital disease arising from the abnormal development of the first and second branchial... (Review)
Review
Goldenhar syndrome (oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia, OAVS) is a rare, congenital disease arising from the abnormal development of the first and second branchial arches. The incidence is between 1:3500 and 1:5600, with a male: female ratio of 3:2. The etiopathogenesis is multifactorial and dependent on genetic and environmental factors but there are still many unknown aspects. The classic features of Goldenhar syndrome include ocular anomalies - epibulbar dermoids, microphthalmia and coloboma, ENT features such as preauricular tragi, hearing loss, low implantation of the auricular pavilion, micrognathia, and vertebral anomalies such as scoliosis or hemivertebrae. The abnormalities are unilateral in 85% of the cases. Ocular features, especially bilateral dermoids are seen in 60% of the cases. The treatment varies with age and systemic associations, from mainly cosmetic, in uncomplicated cases, to complex reconstructive surgeries in severe cases. While the oculoplastic surgeon manages the oculo-palpebral defects, severe forms require a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment should be individualized, adapted to age, as well as to the extent and severity of the disease. The paper is based on the editorial team cases and experience.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Female; Goldenhar Syndrome; Humans; Male; Ophthalmologists
PubMed: 30206552
DOI: No ID Found -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia Jun 2018
Topics: Biomedical Technology; Humans; Internship and Residency; Ophthalmologists; Ophthalmology; Teaching
PubMed: 29924205
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20180036