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Soins. Gerontologie 2020
Topics: Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans
PubMed: 32988488
DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2020.07.011 -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Mar 2018Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common reasons for outpatient gynecologic visits. Proper evaluation and diagnosis is essential and allows the clinician to... (Review)
Review
Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common reasons for outpatient gynecologic visits. Proper evaluation and diagnosis is essential and allows the clinician to present individualized treatment options to their patients.
Topics: Antifibrinolytic Agents; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Gynecological Examination; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; Medical History Taking; Tranexamic Acid; Uterine Hemorrhage
PubMed: 29319588
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000340 -
Australian Dental Journal Dec 2017The focus on oral manifestations of dengue fever (DF) is not common in the scientific literature and the patient affected can present signs and symptoms that may not be... (Review)
Review
The focus on oral manifestations of dengue fever (DF) is not common in the scientific literature and the patient affected can present signs and symptoms that may not be noticed by dental professionals. This systematic review article was conducted to identify and discuss the oral manifestations related to DF. The electronic databases PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences (LILACS), Web of Science and Scopus were searched from November to December 2016 by two authors, simultaneously, using the search terms 'dengue and oral manifestation' combined. We included complete original articles, clinical trials and clinical case reports published in Portuguese, Spanish and English. No limits were applied to the year of publication. Review articles and those with no health outcomes were removed. A limited number of studies aimed to investigate the oral manifestations of DF (N = 25). However, several manifestations were identified in the oral cavity of patients diagnosed with DF such as acute gingival and palate bleeding, dryness of the mouth, taste changes, and erythematous plaque and vesicles on the tongue and palate. Osteonecrosis of jaw associated with DF was also reported. In conclusion, oral manifestations may represent a relevant contributory factor to identify DF disease among patients undergoing dental procedures in general practise.
Topics: Dengue; Dental Plaque; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Palate; Taste Disorders; Xerostomia
PubMed: 28379606
DOI: 10.1111/adj.12516 -
Journal of Periodontology Jan 2021Periodontal disease or poor oral hygiene may lead to local infection, inflammation, and systemic inflammatory reactions, which are important mediators of development of...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal disease or poor oral hygiene may lead to local infection, inflammation, and systemic inflammatory reactions, which are important mediators of development of stroke. We aimed to investigate the association of oral hygiene with risk of stroke in a nationwide population-based cohort.
METHODS
From Korean National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort, 206,602 participants without missing data regarding demographic information, medical history, or blood/urine examination results were included. The presence of periodontal disease and indicators of oral hygiene, such as number of tooth brushings, dental visit history, dental scaling, and number of teeth loss and dental caries were evaluated. Occurrence of stroke including cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage was defined as newly registration of International Classification of Diseases-10 codes from I60 to I64 accompanying brain CT and/or MR examination at that time of diagnosis.
RESULTS
The 7337 (3.6%) cases of stroke including 5795 (79.0%) cases of cerebral infarction, 1568 (21.4%) cases of cerebral hemorrhage, and 621 (8.5%) cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred during a median 10.4 years follow-up. In multivariable analysis, frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times per day) was negatively associated with risk of stroke occurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.84). Number of dental caries (≥4) was positively related to stroke occurrence (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13-1.44).
CONCLUSIONS
Regular oral hygiene behavior was negatively, and infrequent oral hygiene care was positively associated with risk of occurrence for stroke, respectively. Brushing one's teeth three or more times daily may be associated with lower risk of stroke.
Topics: Dental Caries; Humans; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Stroke; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 32432793
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.20-0053 -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry 2016To establish an inventory of knowledge, attitudes and daily pratice of dental and medical practitioners in France regarding oral health care and its relationship to...
PURPOSE
To establish an inventory of knowledge, attitudes and daily pratice of dental and medical practitioners in France regarding oral health care and its relationship to pregnancy, particularly to preterm delivery and low birth-weight infants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A questionnaire was distributed to health-care professionals (n= 460), consisting of 100 prenatal care practitioners (obstetricians, midwives) and 360 dentists, about their knowledge of oral alterations during pregnancy, the possible association between periodontal disorders and preterm/low birth weight, and their conduct toward their patients.
RESULTS
Bleeding gums and pregnancy gingivitis were the oral manifestations most often cited by all the practitioners. In contrast, prenatal care practitioners were unaware of epulis and a greater percentage of them than dentists believed caries risk to increase during pregnancy. The most adverse pregnancy outcomes cited were risk of premature delivery and chorioamniotis. Only dentists had received initial training on pregnancy complications. Finally, all health professionals point out the lack of continuing education on this topic.
CONCLUSION
The present results underline the need for a better initial professional education and continuing education regarding pregnancy and oral health conditions and emphasise the need to update the guidelines in health care practices for pregnant women for a more effective prevention of risk-related adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as pre-term birth or pre-eclampsia.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Chorioamnionitis; Dental Care; Education, Dental; Female; France; Gingival Diseases; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Gynecology; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Midwifery; Obstetrics; Periodontal Diseases; Practice Patterns, Dentists'; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Prenatal Care
PubMed: 26106653
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a34376 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2022Dental procedures have posed challenges in managing anticoagulated patients due to early reports of oral hemorrhage. This study aims to evaluate the risks of... (Review)
Review
Dental procedures have posed challenges in managing anticoagulated patients due to early reports of oral hemorrhage. This study aims to evaluate the risks of postoperative bleeding with the local application of tranexamic acid. A systematic search was conducted until 31 March 2022, with keywords including tranexamic acid, oral hemorrhage, dental, and/or coagulation. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, and Cochrane Library. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4. In total, 430 patients were pooled in with the local application of tranexamic acid using mouthwash, irrigation, and compression with a gauze/gauze pad. The mean age was 61.8 years in the intervention group and 58.7 in the control group. Only 4 patients in the intervened group out of the 210 discontinued the trial due to non-drug-related adverse events. The risk difference was computed as -0.07 ( = 0.05), meaning that patients administered with local antifibrinolytic therapy for postoperative bleeding reduction for dental procedures were at a 7% less risk of oral bleeding. Current evidence on managing anticoagulated patients undergoing dental or oral procedures remains unclear. The present study presents favorable outcomes of postoperative bleeding with local tranexamic acid used in the postoperative period.
PubMed: 36554047
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122523 -
The Chinese Journal of Dental Research Sep 2023To investigate the dental caries status and periodontal status of disabled children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years in China and provide suggestions for future...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the dental caries status and periodontal status of disabled children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years in China and provide suggestions for future policies.
METHODS
The cross-sectional survey included disabled children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years in welfare institutions across 10 provinces in eastern, central and western regions in China, between November 2013 and May 2015. Oral health examination included dental caries status and periodontal status. The mean score for decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft/ DMFT) due to caries in primary/permanent dentition, gingival bleeding rate and calculus rate were recorded and statistically evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA), and the level of statistical significance was P < 0.05.
RESULTS
The mean dmft/DMFT values of for groups aged 0 to 5, 6 to 12 and 13 to 18 years were 1.48 ± 3.00, 2.19 ± 2.94 and 1.78 ± 2.93, respectively. The mean scores for the groups aged 0 to 5 (P < 0.05) and 13 to 18 years (P < 0.01) showed a significant difference among different disability types. A significant difference between sexes was found only in the group aged 0 to 5 years (P < 0.05). Gingival bleeding rates were 13.70% for the group aged 0 to 5 years, 24.81% for the group aged 6 to 12 years and 42.06% for the group aged 13 to 18 years, and calculus rates were 5.48%, 22.41% and 47.62% for the three age groups, respectively. The gingival bleeding rate for all three age groups showed a significant difference between different disability types (P < 0.01), whereas calculus rates a showed significant difference only in the groups aged 6 to 12 and 13 to 18 years (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of dental caries, gingival bleeding and calculus in disabled children and adolescents in China is high. Disability type was strongly associated with oral health status. Specially designed oral health education and training are necessary for clinical professionals and caregivers.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Disabled Children; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Oral Health; China; Gingival Hemorrhage
PubMed: 37732683
DOI: 10.3290/j.cjdr.b4330833 -
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety Jun 2017Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a major problem in patients on oral anticoagulation therapy. This issue has become even more pressing since the introduction of direct... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a major problem in patients on oral anticoagulation therapy. This issue has become even more pressing since the introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in 2009. Areas covered: Here we review current evidence related to GIB associated with oral anticoagulants, focusing on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and post-marketing observational studies. Dabigatran 150 mg twice daily and rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily increase the risk of GIB compared to warfarin. The risk increase with edoxaban is dose-dependent, while apixaban shows apparently, no increased risk. We summarize what is known about GIB risk factors for individual anticoagulants, the location of GIB in patients taking these compounds, and prevention strategies that lower the risk of GIB. Expert opinion: Recently there has been an important shift in the clinical presentation of GIB. Specifically, upper GIB has decreased with the decreased incidence of peptic ulcers due to the broad use of proton pump inhibitors and the decreased prevalence of H. pylori infections. In contrast, the incidence of lower GIB has increased, due in part to colonic diverticular bleeding and angiodysplasia in the elderly. In this population, the addition of oral anticoagulation therapy, especially DOACs, seems to increase the risk of lower GIB.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Anticoagulants; Antithrombins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Incidence; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28467190
DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2017.1325870 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023The benefits and risks of starting anticoagulation therapy, such as direct oral anticoagulations (DOACs) or warfarin, in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a... (Review)
Review
The benefits and risks of starting anticoagulation therapy, such as direct oral anticoagulations (DOACs) or warfarin, in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a history of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) remain controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of starting oral anticoagulation (OAC) and non-oral anticoagulation in these patients. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from inception to 01 May 2022 for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies, reporting effectiveness and safety outcomes for anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation patients with intracranial hemorrhage. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Cochrane Collaboration tool were used to evaluate bias risks for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. An effects model was applied to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. We analyzed data from two randomized controlled trials (304 patients) and seven Cohort studies (17,477 patients). Compared to non-oral anticoagulation, starting oral anticoagulation therapy reduced the risk of Ischemic Stroke/Systemic Embolism (SE) (aHR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55-0.57) and all-cause death (aHR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.80) in atrial fibrillation patients and a prior history intracranial hemorrhage. Starting oral anticoagulation therapy did not increase the risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage (aHR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.66-1.74), but increased the risk of major bleeding (aHR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.00-1.91) than no oral anticoagulation therapy. The DOACs had a lower risk of Ischemic Stroke/SE (aHR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00), recurrent intracranial hemorrhage (aHR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.82), and all-cause death (aHR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88) compared to warfarin. According to subgroup analyses, starting oral anticoagulation therapy have a higher risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage than non-oral anticoagulation therapy (aHR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36-1.81) for Asians. After intracranial hemorrhage in atrial fibrillation patients, restarting or initiating oral anticoagulation therapy decreased the risk of Ischemic Stroke/SE and all-cause death but did not increase the risk for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage. Direct oral anticoagulations have better efficacy and safety than warfarin if oral anticoagulation therapy is started. However, starting oral anticoagulation increases the risk for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage in the Asian region.
PubMed: 36969833
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122564 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Jun 2022Design Quasi-randomised controlled trial.Case selection Study participants (312; test: 158, control: 154) were conveniently selected based on age (16-17 years old),... (Review)
Review
Design Quasi-randomised controlled trial.Case selection Study participants (312; test: 158, control: 154) were conveniently selected based on age (16-17 years old), marginal gingival bleeding index or plaque index of 50% or more and good command of the Swedish language.Data analysis Measuring study outcomes was dichotomous. Marginal gingival bleeding and plaque were either present (1) or absent (2) at four sites on each tooth. Bleeding index and plaque index were presented as a percentage.Results By the end of the study, only 274 patients showed up for the six-month follow-up (test: 128, control: 146). Both groups showed improvement compared to baseline, although the test group showed significantly higher improvement than the control group.Conclusions A person-centred and theory-based behavioural programme was found to be more effective than conventional programmes in improving oral hygiene habits in adolescents.
Topics: Adolescent; Behavior Therapy; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 35750736
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0267-6