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Annals of Emergency Medicine Oct 2020
Topics: Anticoagulants; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hemorrhage; Humans; Oral Hemorrhage; Warfarin
PubMed: 32653330
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.05.009 -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Jul 2016Objective The aim of the study was to investigate oral health-related knowledge, attitudes and habits and their relationship to perceived oral symptoms among... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Objective The aim of the study was to investigate oral health-related knowledge, attitudes and habits and their relationship to perceived oral symptoms among 12-year-olds and differences between boys and girls. Material and methods The study population consisted of children (n = 588) in 15 randomly selected elementary schools in Turku, Finland. Associations between oral health-related habits, knowledge and attitudes with perceived oral symptoms and gender differences were evaluated with χ(2)-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and logistic regression analysis. Results Oral health promoting habits but not knowledge or attitudes associated significantly with absence of oral symptoms. Girls reported a higher percentage of several health promotional habits than boys. Girls reported more frequently gingival bleeding and less frequently dental calculus than boys did. The most common oral symptom was gingival bleeding. Conclusions The present findings suggest some gender-related differences in oral health habits, attitudes, as well as perceived oral symptoms in 12-year-olds. There seems, however, not to be gender differences in relation to knowledge or the association of health habits with perceived oral symptoms. It is important to maintain health promotion at schools and additional efforts should be aimed at translating knowledge into action.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Attitude to Health; Cariostatic Agents; Child; Dental Calculus; Dental Caries; Dental Devices, Home Care; Feeding Behavior; Female; Fluorides; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Oral Health; Risk-Taking; Self Report; Sex Factors; Substance-Related Disorders; Tobacco Use; Toothache; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 26881848
DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2016.1139177 -
BMC Oral Health Jul 2023Within 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing interest has been given to its potential influence on health status due to lockdowns caused by the pandemic....
BACKGROUND
Within 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing interest has been given to its potential influence on health status due to lockdowns caused by the pandemic. However, the impact is inadequately understood, especially for college students. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health of college students during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
An online survey with measurements of psychological stress, anxiety and oral health was completed by 1770 Chinese college students. The Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to measure psychological stress and anxiety, respectively. Oral health status was self-reported including toothache, gingival bleeding, and oral ulcer. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine underlying associations for outcome variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to confirm the relationship between mental and oral health status.
RESULTS
Of the 1770 subjects, 39.2% presented high psychological stress and only 41.2% expressed no anxiety. A significant association was found between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health status. Anxiety has significant impacts on toothache (OR = 0.36; 95%CI: 0.23-0.55; p < 0.01), gingival bleeding (OR = 0.43; 95%CI: 0.29-0.65; p < 0.01), and oral ulcer (OR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.36-0.80; p < 0.01). Anxiety significantly mediated the association between psychological stress and self-reported oral symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Anxiety may be a significant risk indicator for mental health among college students and demonstrates a significant relationship with the occurrence of self-reported oral symptoms. Concerns about academic and life changes caused by the pandemic were the two most significant sources of stress.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Oral Health; Oral Ulcer; Pandemics; Toothache; COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Anxiety Disorders; Stress, Psychological; Students; Gingival Hemorrhage; Depression
PubMed: 37424009
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03151-3 -
Therapeutische Umschau. Revue... 2016
Review
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Anticoagulants; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk; Thromboembolism
PubMed: 28045367
DOI: 10.1024/0040-5930/a000842 -
Annales de Dermatologie Et de... Mar 2018
Topics: Blister; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Oral Hemorrhage
PubMed: 29525065
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.01.046 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Apr 2015To update previous systematic review investigating effect of professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) on prevention of periodontal diseases. (Review)
Review
AIM
To update previous systematic review investigating effect of professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) on prevention of periodontal diseases.
METHODS
Search for randomized controlled trials: 2004 to April 2014. Screening and data abstraction conducted independently/in duplicate and narrative synthesis.
RESULTS
From 1655 titles and abstracts, 24 full-text articles screened and three new studies were eligible. Low-to moderate strength of evidence suggests that in adults, PMPR, particularly if combined with oral hygiene instructions (OHI), may achieve greater changes in measures of dental plaque and gingival bleeding/inflammation than no treatment. Moderate strength of evidence suggests there is no additional benefit to plaque and gingival bleeding outcomes from PMPR over that achieved by repeated and thorough OHI. There is no evidence from RCTs to inform on prevention of periodontitis. Low strength of evidence suggests that more frequent PMPR is associated with improved plaque and bleeding outcomes and possibly less annual attachment loss.
CONCLUSIONS
There are insufficient data to inform directly on the effect of PMPR on primary prevention of periodontitis. However, in relation to gingival health, new studies strengthen the evidence that there is little value in providing PMPR without OHI. In fact, repeated, thorough OHI can achieve a similar benefit to repeated PMPR.
Topics: Dental Plaque; Dental Prophylaxis; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Primary Prevention; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25495962
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12341 -
Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie Oct 2018New direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have been approved for treatment and prevention of some thromboembolic diseases: acute and chronic phase of thromboembolic disease,... (Review)
Review
New direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have been approved for treatment and prevention of some thromboembolic diseases: acute and chronic phase of thromboembolic disease, deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery and prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. These molecules are an alternative to heparins and vitamin K antagonists. Among these, rivaroxaban (Xarelto, Bayer Schering Pharma) is a direct factor Xa inhibitor, and dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa, Boehringer Ingelheim) is a direct free thrombin inhibitor. These molecules are almost the ideal anticoagulant: oral administration, few drug and food interactions, wide therapeutic target, and especially no lab monitoring. However, their use remains associated with hemorrhagic complications such as gastrointestinal, intracranial or urinary hemorrhages. We describe two clinical cases of spontaneous choroidal hemorrhage in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban and dabigatran etexilate) for atrial fibrillation. These cases show that an ocular hemorrhagic risk exists with these drugs. Patients treated with DOAC should have the therapeutic dose adjusted based on creatinine clearance. Special monitoring should be performed in patients with age-related macular degeneration or with hypertension even though meta-analysis shows that the risk of intraocular bleeding is reduced by 22% compared with warfarin.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Choroid Hemorrhage; Dabigatran; Drugs, Investigational; Female; Humans; Rivaroxaban
PubMed: 30213607
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2018.01.007 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Apr 2017Objectives This study presents the clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characterization of 26 cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG)....
Objectives This study presents the clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characterization of 26 cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG). Methods Oral mucosal biopsies, blood and swabs were collected from cats presenting with oral lesions. The tissue sections were submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis for feline calicivirus (FCV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). The swabs were subjected to PCR analysis for FCV, and blood for FeLV and FIV. Results The main clinical findings were dysphagia (88.2%), halitosis (76.5%), sialorrhea (47.1%), weight loss (41.2%), intense oral discomfort (35.3%), oral hemorrhage (17.6%), and lackluster and fragile coat (11.8%). Gross inspection revealed bilateral lesions across the palatoglossal fold to the lateral tongue base. The lesions were diffuse, proliferative, intensely red and friable, and bled easily upon examination in 80.8% of cases. In 23.1% of cases, the lesions were multifocal to coalescent, at times forming multiple vesicles on a reddened, edematous palatoglossal fold. Microscopic examination showed that 15.4% of lesions had moderate (grade 2) and 84.6% had severe (grade 3) inflammation. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of FeLV antigens in the epithelium and the inflammatory infiltrate of 30.8% of the cats with FCG. FCV antigens were not detected in the FCG lesions. Conclusions and relevance The FCG cases analyzed could not be correlated with FCV. It is possible that FeLV plays a role as a causal agent of lesions in cases where the presence of the virus has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry in epithelial samples.
Topics: Animals; Caliciviridae; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Gingivitis; Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline; Immunohistochemistry; Leukemia Virus, Feline; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stomatitis
PubMed: 26858258
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X16628578 -
Journal of Dental Hygiene : JDH Jun 2022Flossing is a well-known component of daily recommended oral care regimens, but patients often find it challenging to perform effectively on a regular basis. The purpose... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Flossing is a well-known component of daily recommended oral care regimens, but patients often find it challenging to perform effectively on a regular basis. The purpose of this 12-week supervised clinical trial was to investigate the effects of twice daily rinsing with a mouthrinse containing a fixed combination of four essential oils (4EO) and supervised daily dental flossing regimens as compared to a negative control 5% hydroalcohol rinse (NC) on the prevention and reduction of plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding.Volunteer participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into the following groups for the 12- week trial: 1) NC; 2) mouthrinse containing 4EO; 3) professional flossing performed by a dental hygienist (FBH); 4) supervised self-flossing (FUS). All participants received a professional dental prophylaxis prior to beginning the trial. On weekday mornings, all participants brushed on site. After brushing, the rinse groups used their products under supervision, and the floss groups had their teeth flossed by a dental hygienist or self-flossed under supervision. Participants performed their assigned regimen in the evenings and the twice-daily weekend use at home. Each individual assessment of oral hard and soft tissue, plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding at weeks 4 and 12, probing depth and bleeding on probing at week 12 was made by the same calibrated examiner.Of 156 randomized participants, 149 completed the trial. Use of the 4EO mouthrinse statistically significantly reduced plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding on probing after 12 weeks as compared to the NC rinse. Both flossing interventions statistically significantly reduced interproximal gingivitis and gingival bleeding at 12 weeks compared to the NC rinse; neither flossing intervention significantly reduced interproximal plaque after 12 weeks compared to the NC rinse.Rinsing with a 4EO mouthrinse statistically significantly improved all oral health outcome measures at all time points compared to a NC rinse in this 12-week clinical trial. While professional and supervised flossing improved gingival health compared to use of the NC rinse, statistically significant plaque reduction with dental flossing was not attained at the end of the 12-week trial.
Topics: Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Mouthwashes; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 35654568
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Mar 2015To evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HY) application as monotherapy or as adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal therapy. (Review)
Review
AIM
To evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HY) application as monotherapy or as adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal therapy.
METHODS
Literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines with the following main eligibility criteria: (a) English or German language; (b) pre-clinical in vivo or human controlled trials; (c) effect size of HY evaluated histologically or clinically.
RESULTS
Two pre-clinical in vivo studies on surgical treatment and 12 clinical trials on non-surgical and/or surgical treatment were included. Most of the studies were highly heterogeneous, regarding with HY product used and application mode, and of high risk of bias, thus not allowing meta-analysis. The majority of clinical studies described a beneficial, occasionally statistically significant, effect of HY on bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD) reduction (2.28-19.5% and 0.2-0.9 mm, respectively), comparing to controls; no adverse effects were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Hyaluronan application as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment seems to have a beneficial, generally moderate, effect on surrogate outcome variables of periodontal inflammation, i.e., BoP and residual PD, and appears to be safe. The large heterogeneity of included studies, does not allow recommendations on the mode of application or effect size of HY as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment.
Topics: Combined Modality Therapy; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Viscosupplements
PubMed: 25640222
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12371