-
Journal of Orthodontics Jun 2023The placement of bonded retainers can be daunting to the inexperienced clinician. The aim of the present article was to share a simple means of using everyday...
The placement of bonded retainers can be daunting to the inexperienced clinician. The aim of the present article was to share a simple means of using everyday intermaxillay elastics to effortlessly secure the wire, allowing the clinician to easily complete placement of the bonded retainer. The challenge of manipulating the wire, etch, bond and composite simultaneously is thus alleviated! A step-by-step explanation is provided.
Topics: Humans; Dental Bonding; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Retainers; Orthodontic Wires; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed
PubMed: 36950945
DOI: 10.1177/14653125231159142 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Feb 2022
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Wires; Torque
PubMed: 35094750
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.11.005 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Metal ion release studies were carried out on three of the most commonly used orthodontic wires in the clinic: austenitic stainless steel, Ti-Mo, and superelastic NiTi,...
Metal ion release studies were carried out on three of the most commonly used orthodontic wires in the clinic: austenitic stainless steel, Ti-Mo, and superelastic NiTi, using three mouthwashes with different fluoride concentrations: 130, 200, and 380 ppm. Immersions were carried out in these mouthwashes at 37 °C for 1, 4, 7, and 14 days, and the ions released were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). All wires were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed a moderate ion release in the stainless steel wires, with nickel and chromium values of 500 and 1000 ppb in the worst conditions for the wires: concentrations of 380 ppm fluoride and 14 days of immersion. However, in the Ti-Mo and NiTi alloys, an abrupt change in release was observed when the samples were immersed in 380 ppm fluoride concentrations. Titanium releases in Ti-Mo wires reached 200,000 ppb, creating numerous pits on the surface. Under the same conditions, the release of Ni and Ti ions from the superelastic wires also exceeded 220,000 ppb and 180,000 ppb, respectively. This release of ions causes variations in the chemical composition of the wires, causing the appearance of martensite plates in the austenitic matrix after 4 days of immersion. This fact causes it to lose its superelastic properties at a temperature of 37 °C. In the case of immersion in 380 ppm mouthwashes for more than 7 days, rich-nickel precipitates can be seen. These embrittle the wire and lose all tooth-correcting properties. It should be noted that the release of Ni ions can cause hypersensitivity in patients, particularly women. The results indicate that the use of mouthwashes with a high content of fluoride should not be recommended with orthodontic archwires.
Topics: Female; Humans; Fluorides; Mouthwashes; Nickel; Orthodontic Wires; Stainless Steel; Surface Properties; Titanium; Male
PubMed: 36833476
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042780 -
The Angle Orthodontist Nov 2023To evaluate the force required to promote the failure of fixed orthodontic retainers with different adhesive (composite) coverage and to assess the presence and extent...
An assessment of the impact of adhesive coverage and wire type on fixed retainer failures and force propagation along two types of orthodontic retainer wires: an in vitro study.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the force required to promote the failure of fixed orthodontic retainers with different adhesive (composite) coverage and to assess the presence and extent of force propagation with two different orthodontic retainer wires.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ortho-FlexTech and Ortho-Care Perform (0.0175 inches), each of 15-cm length, were bonded on acrylic blocks with different adhesive surface diameters (2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm). The samples (n = 160) were subjected to a tensile pull-out test, and debonding force was recorded. Fixed retainers using two different wires and 4-mm adhesive diameter were bonded on acrylic bases resembling a maxillary dental arch (n = 72). The retainers were loaded occluso-apically until the first sign of failure while being video recorded. Individual frames of the recordings were extracted and compared. A force propagation scoring index was developed to quantify the extent of force transmission under load.
RESULTS
A 4-mm adhesive surface diameter required the highest debonding force for both retainer wires with significant differences compared with 2 mm (P < .001; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.69, 21.69) and 3 mm (P = .026; 95% CI: 0.60, 13.59). Force propagation scores were significantly higher for Ortho-Care Perform.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on this laboratory-based assessment, consideration should be given to the fabrication of maxillary fixed retainers using a minimum of 4-mm diameter composite coverage on each tooth. Force appeared to propagate more readily with Ortho-Care Perform than with a flexible chain alternative. This may risk stress accumulation at the terminal ends with potential for associated unwanted tooth movement in the presence of intact fixed retainers.
Topics: Dental Bonding; Orthodontic Retainers; Dental Cements; Orthodontic Wires; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Orthodontic Appliance Design
PubMed: 37246952
DOI: 10.2319/110722-765.1 -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO Jul 2020
Topics: Friction; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Wires; Torque
PubMed: 32966243
DOI: No ID Found -
Brazilian Oral Research Aug 2017The objective of this study was to compare coating dimensions and surface characteristics of two different esthetic covered nickel-titanium orthodontic rectangular... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The objective of this study was to compare coating dimensions and surface characteristics of two different esthetic covered nickel-titanium orthodontic rectangular archwires, as-received from the manufacturer and after oral exposure. The study was designed for comparative purposes. Both archwires, as-received from the manufacturer, were observed using a stereomicroscope to measure coating thickness and inner metallic dimensions. The wires were also exposed to oral environment in 11 orthodontic active patients for 21 days. After removing the samples, stereomicroscopy images were captured, coating loss was measured and its percentage was calculated. Three segments of each wire (one as-received and two after oral exposure) were observed using scanning electron microscopy for a qualitative analysis of the labial surface of the wires. The Lilliefors test and independent t-test were applied to verify normality of data and statistical differences between wires, respectively. The significance level adopted was 0.05. The results showed that the differences between the wires while comparing inner height and thickness were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). In average, the most recently launched wire presented a coating thickness twice that of the control wire, which was also a statistically significant difference. The coating loss percentage was also statistically different (p = 0.0346) when the latest launched wire (13.27%) was compared to the control (29.63%). In conclusion, the coating of the most recent wire was thicker and more uniform, whereas the control had a thinner coating on the edges. After oral exposure, both tested wires presented coating loss, but the most recently launched wire exhibited better results.
Topics: Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Mouth; Nickel; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Wires; Reference Values; Surface Properties; Time Factors; Titanium
PubMed: 28832715
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2017.vol31.0068 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2021This paper aims to verify the thermodynamic, mechanical and chemical properties of CuNiTi 35ºC commercial wires.
OBJECTIVE
This paper aims to verify the thermodynamic, mechanical and chemical properties of CuNiTi 35ºC commercial wires.
METHODS
Forty pre-contoured copper-nickel-titanium thermodynamic 0.017 x 0.025-in archwires with an Af temperature of 35°C were used. Eight wires from five different manufacturers (American Orthodontics® [G1], Eurodonto® [G2], Morelli® [G3], Ormco® [G4] and Orthometric® [G5]) underwent cross-sectional dimension measurements, tensile tests, SEM-EDS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests. Parametric tests (One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test) were used, with a significance level of 5%, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test was performed between the Af and chemical elements of the wires. All sample tests and statistical analyses were double-blinded.
RESULTS
All wires presented standard dimensions (0.017 x 0.025-in) and superelastic behavior, with mean plateau forces of: G1 = 36.49N; G2 = 27.34N; G3 = 19.24 N; G4 = 37.54 N; and G5 = 17.87N. The Af means were: G1 = 29.40°C, G2 = 29.13°C and G3 = 31.43°C, with p>0.05 relative to each other. G4 (32.77°C) and G5 (35.17°C) presented statistically significant differences between each other and among the other groups. All samples presented Ni, Ti, Cu and Al in different concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS
The chemical concentration of the elements that compose the alloy significantly influenced the thermodynamic and mechanical properties.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Alloys; Elasticity; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Wires; Stress, Mechanical; Titanium
PubMed: 34008740
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.2.e211945.oar -
Bio-medical Materials and Engineering Nov 2016Patients use mouthwashes in addition to mechanical cleaning during orthodontic treatment. The effects of mouthwashes on the archwires have not been examined yet.
BACKGROUND
Patients use mouthwashes in addition to mechanical cleaning during orthodontic treatment. The effects of mouthwashes on the archwires have not been examined yet.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the corrosion resistance of four different arch wires and corrosion effects of different mouthwashes to formulate a biocompatible and mechanically useful arch wire and mouthwash combination.
METHODS
Each group comprised of 4 wire samples of 2 cm 0.016 × 0.022 inch. 1st group: ion implanted nickel titanium (INT), 2nd group: nickel titanium, without ion implantation (NT), 3rd group: micro layered esthetic nickel titanium (ENT), 4th group: stainless steel (SS) wires. They were immersed inside 2 ml of artificial saliva solutions (AS) for the control, or AS (9%) combined with 1 of the 3 mouthwashes (91%) for study groups, for 24 hours. These mouthwashes were essential oil (EO), chlorhexidine (CHX), sodium-fluoride (NaF). An electrochemical analyzer was used for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements.
RESULTS
High corrosion resistance was obtained for ENT than the other wires. The corrosion potentials are 0.007, -0.042, 0.074 and -0.015 V (Ag/AgCl) for ENT, INT, SS and NT in the artificial salivary, respectively. In NaF containing mouthwash Rp value of ENT is significantly high in comparison to others. The impedance responses of all materials increased significantly in the presence of NaF mouthwash as well as in the CHX mouthwash. Low frequencies are seen at all materials in EO mouthwash. Diameters of loops are 22, 5.9, 5.9 and 3.7 MΩ at ENT, INT, SS and NT.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, micro layered esthetic nickel titanium wires are found biocompatible among other wires and NaF and CHX mouthwashes can be recommend for their good corrosion resistance during fixed orthodontic therapy.
Topics: Corrosion; Dental Alloys; Humans; Materials Testing; Mouthwashes; Nickel; Orthodontic Wires; Saliva, Artificial; Stainless Steel; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 27886000
DOI: 10.3233/BME-161607 -
International Orthodontics Mar 2023The mechanical and surface characteristics of Copper NiTi wires following intraoral aging in an important topic. This ex-vivo study is designed to assess the three most...
AIM
The mechanical and surface characteristics of Copper NiTi wires following intraoral aging in an important topic. This ex-vivo study is designed to assess the three most important mechanical properties; torsional stiffness, 3-point bending and surface hardness of the as-received Copper NiTi orthodontic archwires and compare them to the retrieved ones.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this study, 50 round CuNiTi (0.016 inch) and 50 rectangular (0.018×0.025 inch) CuNiTi orthodontic wires (American Orthodontics, Tanzo Copper Nickel Titanium, Sheboygan, WI) were tested. The groups were as follow: 25 as-received 0.016 inch round CuNiTi archwires (group 1), 25 as-retrieved 0.016 inch round CuNiTi archwires (group 2), 25 as-received 0.018×0.025 inch rectangular CuNiTi archwires (group 3), and 25 as-retrieved 0.018×0.025 inch rectangular CuNiTi archwires (group 4). The physical properties of all of the samples were examined using Vickers hardness, bending and torsional tests. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to assess the normal distribution of data. An independent t-test was used to compare the variables between the groups.
RESULTS
The results showed that the hardness does not significantly differ between the as-received and as-retrieved archwires in both 0.016 and 0.018×0.025 inch archwires (P< 0.05). The bending test of the round wires showed that the values of the activation forces in the as-received ones were significantly higher than those of the as-retrieved (P=0.00). The torsional and bending test results of rectangular wires showed that the amounts of forces exerted from the as-retrieved archwires were significantly higher than the new archwires (P=0.00).
CONCLUSIONS
Round CuNiTi archwires could be retied in the succeeding visits. However, the bending activation that declines significantly should be took into consideration. On the other hand, since bending and torsion activation of CuNiTi rectangular archwires increased after intraoral use, these wires should be retied cautiously.
Topics: Humans; Dental Alloys; Nickel; Titanium; Copper; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Wires; Surface Properties
PubMed: 36565514
DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100720 -
International Journal For Numerical... Jan 2024The incidence of oral malocclusion is increasing and is seriously damaging the oral health of human beings. The Kitchon root-controlled auxiliary archwire is an...
The incidence of oral malocclusion is increasing and is seriously damaging the oral health of human beings. The Kitchon root-controlled auxiliary archwire is an individualized orthodontic arch. It is used clinically for the treatment of tooth-lingual tilt/root-lip tilt phenomenon of the central incisors. However, the bending parameters of the Kitchon root-controlled auxiliary archwire used in different patients are based on the clinical experience of the dentists. Therefore, this orthodontic treatment has a high risk and unpredictability. In this paper, the loading performance and orthodontic process of Kitchon root-controlled auxiliary archwire are analyzed. And the prediction model of support resistance and correction torque are established. The bending parameters of the Kitchon root-controlled auxiliary archwire, as well as the effect of the bending parameters on the support resistance and the correction torque, are all quantified. And the prediction models for the support resistance and the correction torque are calculated separately. The correlation coefficients of calculated data and experimental data are ξ > .97 and ξ > .96, respectively; the correlation coefficients of simulated data and experimental data are ξ > .96 and ξ > .96, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the established prediction models are verified. It provides an effective theoretical guide for dentists to safely and efficiently perform root-controlled rotation orthodontic treatment on patients' central incisors.
Topics: Humans; Torque; Orthodontic Wires; Reproducibility of Results; Tooth; Mechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 37899669
DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3789