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Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology... 2023
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Macrophages; Cell Line; Cholesterol
PubMed: 37244293
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.004 -
Hepatology International Nov 2017Hepatitis B virus is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family and responsible for causing acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. The current estimates of people chronically... (Review)
Review
Hepatitis B virus is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family and responsible for causing acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. The current estimates of people chronically infected with the virus are put at 250 million worldwide. Immune-mediated liver damage in these individuals may lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma later in life. This review deals with our current understanding of the virology, molecular biology, life cycle and cell-to-cell spread of this very important pathogen, all of which are considered essential for current and future approaches to antiviral treatment.
Topics: Animals; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Life Cycle Stages; Protein Biosynthesis; Transcription, Genetic; Virus Assembly; Virus Attachment; Virus Internalization; Virus Physiological Phenomena; Virus Release; Virus Uncoating
PubMed: 29098564
DOI: 10.1007/s12072-017-9829-7 -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Oct 2019
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Humans
PubMed: 31591771
DOI: 10.1111/apt.15452 -
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and... Feb 2020
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Microscopy
PubMed: 31416788
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.009 -
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Sep 2017
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Models, Animal
PubMed: 28470681
DOI: 10.1002/hep.29249 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2021Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a global health concern despite the availability of vaccines. To date, the development of effective treatments has... (Review)
Review
Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a global health concern despite the availability of vaccines. To date, the development of effective treatments has been severely hampered by the lack of reliable, reproducible, and scalable modeling systems that precisely recapitulate the virus life cycle and represent virus-host interactions. With the progressive understanding of liver organogenesis mechanisms, the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatic sources and stromal cellular compositions provides novel strategies for personalized modeling and treatment of liver disease. Further, advancements in three-dimensional culture of self-organized liver-like organoids considerably promote modeling of intact human liver tissue, in terms of both hepatic function and other physiological characteristics. Combined with our experiences in the investigation of HBV infections using liver organoids, we have summarized the advances in modeling reported thus far and discussed the limitations and ongoing challenges in the application of liver organoids, particularly those with multi-cellular components derived from human iPSCs. This review provides general guidelines for establishing clinical-grade iPSC-derived multi-cellular organoids in modeling personalized hepatitis virus infection and other liver diseases, as well as drug testing and transplantation therapy.
Topics: Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Organoids
PubMed: 34447226
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4784 -
Virology May 2019Limited sampling means that relatively little is known about the diversity and evolutionary history of mammalian members of the Hepadnaviridae (genus Orthohepadnavirus)....
Limited sampling means that relatively little is known about the diversity and evolutionary history of mammalian members of the Hepadnaviridae (genus Orthohepadnavirus). An important case in point are shrews, the fourth largest group of mammals, but for which there is limited knowledge on the role they play in viral evolution and emergence. Here, we report the discovery of a novel shrew hepadnavirus. The newly discovered virus, denoted shrew hepatitis B virus (SHBV), is divergent to be considered a new species of Orthohepadnavirus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses were usually most closely related to TBHBV (tent-making bat hepatitis B virus), known to be able to infect human hepatocytes, and had a similar genome structure, although SHBV fell in a more basal position in the surface protein phylogeny. In sum, these data suggest that shrews are natural hosts for hepadnaviruses and may have played an important role in their long-term evolution.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; China; Evolution, Molecular; Genome, Viral; Hepadnaviridae; Hepadnaviridae Infections; Hepatocytes; Humans; Orthohepadnavirus; Phylogeny; Sequence Alignment; Shrews; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 30884426
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.03.007 -
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology Jun 2019Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections represent a significant burden on global public health. Current HBV treatments using nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and PEG interferons... (Review)
Review
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections represent a significant burden on global public health. Current HBV treatments using nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and PEG interferons cannot fully alleviate this burden as they do not affect the transcriptional activity of the tenacious covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) responsible for viral persistence. Capsid assembly modulators (CAMs) disrupt the encapsidation of pre-genomic RNA and can cause nucleocapsid disassembly, thereby affecting multiple steps of HBV replication and reduction of cccDNA pools. This review provides a concise overview of the development of CAMs and the progress achieved in understanding their interactions with HBV core proteins.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Capsid; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Virus Assembly
PubMed: 30952041
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.02.009 -
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Nov 2018Curcumin is a yellow-orange powder derived from the Curcuma longa plant. Curcumin has been used extensively in traditional medicine for centuries. This component is... (Review)
Review
Curcumin is a yellow-orange powder derived from the Curcuma longa plant. Curcumin has been used extensively in traditional medicine for centuries. This component is non-toxic and shown different therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antiviral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasites, and anti-oxidant. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small DNA member of the genus Orthohepadnavirus (Hepadnaviridae family) which is a highly contagious blood-borne viral pathogen. HBV infection is a major public health problem with 2 billion people infected throughout the world and 350 million suffering from chronic HBV infection. Increasing evidence indicated that curcumin as a natural product could be employed in the treatment of HBV patients. It has been showed that curcumin exerts its therapeutic effects on HBV patients via targeting a variety of cellular and molecular pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Ap1, STAT3, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling. Here, we summarized the therapeutic effects of curcumin on patients who infected with HBV. Moreover, we highlighted main signaling pathways (eg, NF-κB, AP1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling) which affected by curcumin in HBV infections.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Curcumin; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor AP-1; Wnt Signaling Pathway; beta Catenin
PubMed: 29923222
DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26829 -
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Feb 2022
Topics: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Hepatitis B virus
PubMed: 34890054
DOI: 10.1002/hep.32273