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Postgraduate Medicine Apr 2021Patients with foot pain commonly present to their primary care physicians for their initial management and treatment. These patients and their respective foot or lesser... (Review)
Review
Patients with foot pain commonly present to their primary care physicians for their initial management and treatment. These patients and their respective foot or lesser toe pain can present the physician with a complex problem with a long differential list. Depending on the timing of the pain and underlying pathology, these differentials can be divided into acute and acute exacerbation of chronic conditions. This review categorizes the history, physical exam, radiological findings, conservative treatment, and surgical management for each major cause of lesser toe pain, whether acute or chronic. The acute conditions surrounding lesser toe pain in the adult population discussed are toe fractures, toe dislocations, and metatarsal head and neck fractures. The chronic pathologies surrounding lesser toe pain in the adult population evaluated in this review include metatarsalgia, Morton's neuroma, Freiberg infraction, brachymetatarsia, bunionettes, and lesser toe disorders.
Topics: Acute Disease; Bunion, Tailor's; Chronic Pain; Foot Orthoses; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Immobilization; Joint Dislocations; Metatarsalgia; Metatarsus; Osteochondritis; Physical Examination; Toes
PubMed: 33406375
DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1873581 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jan 2022OCDs of the ankle are the third most common lesion in the body and a physician should include this in the differential while evaluating the pediatric population with the... (Review)
Review
OCDs of the ankle are the third most common lesion in the body and a physician should include this in the differential while evaluating the pediatric population with the history of injury and/or pain in the ankle. Pain, stiffness, and swelling are the most common presenting complaints about the pediatric and adolescent patients with an OCD. Conservative treatment options should be attempted before attempting surgical intervention. Multiple surgical procedures exist to manage the lesion based on location, size, and other factors.
Topics: Adolescent; Ankle Joint; Child; Humans; Osteochondritis; Osteochondritis Dissecans; Talus
PubMed: 34809789
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2021.09.005 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2019
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Metatarsophalangeal Joint; Metatarsus; Osteochondritis; Range of Motion, Articular; Young Adult
PubMed: 31604724
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232171 -
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics... Mar 2021
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Orthopedic Procedures; Orthopedics; Osteochondritis Dissecans; Shoulder
PubMed: 33725735
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725062 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Dec 2019Freiberg's infraction is an uncommon condition of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. Onset is usually between the 11th and 17th year of age. It is the only... (Review)
Review
Freiberg's infraction is an uncommon condition of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. Onset is usually between the 11th and 17th year of age. It is the only osteochondrosis that dominantly affects females with a reported female-to-male ratio of 5.1. The second metatarsal is most frequently involved (68%) followed by the third metatarsal (27%), and the fourth (3%). Surgical treatment options can be categorized in joint destructive and joint preserving procedures. Studies reveal complete resolution of pain and full return to activities in 70% after joint destructive procedure and more than 90% after joint preserving procedures.
Topics: Arthroplasty; Bone Transplantation; Debridement; Decompression, Surgical; Humans; Metatarsal Bones; Metatarsophalangeal Joint; Metatarsus; Osteochondritis; Osteotomy
PubMed: 31653371
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2019.08.004 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Nov 2017Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) has been known for more than 100 years. Several reasons have been suggested as the major cause for developing OCD: trauma/microtrauma,... (Review)
Review
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) has been known for more than 100 years. Several reasons have been suggested as the major cause for developing OCD: trauma/microtrauma, ischaemic or genetic reasons. OCD is primarily located in the knee. In adolescent patients with knee symptoms, X-ray of the affected knee and often a subsequent MRI scan is indicated. Depending on the findings, an arthroscopy can be performed. Conservative treatment can be quiet regime or bracing. Operative treatment can be transchondral/retrograde drilling for the in situ lesion or fixation of the unstable lesion.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Knee Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osteochondritis Dissecans; Young Adult
PubMed: 29208201
DOI: No ID Found -
Cartilage Oct 2021This review presents the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and how to diagnose and treat osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) at the elbow joint followed... (Review)
Review
This review presents the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and how to diagnose and treat osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) at the elbow joint followed by an analysis of particular characteristics and outcomes of the treatment. OCD is seen in patients with open growth plates (juvenile OCD [JOCD] and in adults [AOCD] with closed growth plates [adult OCD). The etiology at smaller joints remains as unclear as for the knee. Mechanical factors (throwing activities [capitulum] seem to play an important role. Clinical symptoms are unspecific. Thus, imaging techniques are most important for the diagnosis. In low-grade and stable lesions, treatment involves rest and different degrees of immobilization until healing. When surgery is necessary, the procedure depends on the OCD stage and on the state of the cartilage. With intact cartilage, retrograde procedures are favorable while with damaged cartilage, several techniques are used. Techniques such as drilling and microfracturing produce a reparative cartilage while other techniques reconstruct the defect with osteochondral grafts or cell-based procedures such as chondrocyte implantation. There is a tendency toward better results when reconstructive procedures for both the bone and cartilage are used. In addition, comorbidities at the joint have to be treated. Severe grades of osteoarthritis are rare.
Topics: Chondrocytes; Elbow; Elbow Joint; Humans; Knee Joint; Osteochondritis Dissecans
PubMed: 31113206
DOI: 10.1177/1947603519847735 -
The Orthopedic Clinics of North America Jan 2020Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is a relatively rare condition, with a higher incidence in adolescents who participate in repetitive overhead sports.... (Review)
Review
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is a relatively rare condition, with a higher incidence in adolescents who participate in repetitive overhead sports. The surgical treatment approach for this uncommon problem has varied from microfracture, loose body removal, abrasion chrondroplasty, lesion fixation, osteochondral allograft transplantation surgery, and osteochondral autologous transplantation surgery. The purpose of this study is to present the authors' preferred surgical technique for the treatment of unstable OCD lesions of the capitellum with osteochondral autologous transplantation surgery using autograft from the ipsilateral knee.
Topics: Adolescent; Cartilage, Articular; Child; Elbow Joint; Female; Fractures, Stress; Humans; Humerus; Incidence; Knee Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Osteochondritis Dissecans; Radiography; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Sports; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31739884
DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2019.08.004 -
The British Journal of General Practice... Aug 2019
Topics: General Practitioners; Humans; Metatarsus; Osteochondritis; Rare Diseases; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 31345815
DOI: 10.3399/bjgp19X704849 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International May 2020
Topics: Humans; Osteochondritis
PubMed: 32616147
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0343