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Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola 2022
Topics: Humans; Osteochondroma; Hyoid Bone; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 36228988
DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2021.10.002 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2017
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Child; Exostoses; Female; Humans; Nail Diseases; Osteochondroma
PubMed: 28474643
DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_931_16 -
American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle... 2017The peroneus quartus (PQ) muscle is a rare but sometimes missed potential etiology of ankle pain and tendon subluxation. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who...
The peroneus quartus (PQ) muscle is a rare but sometimes missed potential etiology of ankle pain and tendon subluxation. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who presented with lateral right ankle pain and subluxation of peroneal tendons. He had a history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and palpable distal fibular osteochondroma. Seven months after excision of the exostosis and repair of the peroneal tendon retinaculum, the pain recurred. Imaging showed a split peroneus brevis (PB) tendon. During surgery, a PQ muscle was found and excised, and the PB tendon was repaired. One year after surgery, the patient's symptoms were resolved.
Topics: Adolescent; Bendamustine Hydrochloride; Bone Neoplasms; Fibula; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Orthopedic Procedures; Osteochondroma; Tendon Injuries
PubMed: 29309458
DOI: No ID Found -
Orthopedic Nursing
Topics: Humans; Bone Neoplasms; Osteochondroma; Tibia; Male; Adult; Incidental Findings; Knee Injuries
PubMed: 37989161
DOI: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000990 -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Jul 2019
Topics: Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary; Humans; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases
PubMed: 31272585
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.05.005 -
The American Journal of Pathology Dec 2021Osteochondromas are cartilage-capped tumors that arise near growing physes and are the most common benign bone tumor in children. Osteochondromas can lead to skeletal... (Review)
Review
Osteochondromas are cartilage-capped tumors that arise near growing physes and are the most common benign bone tumor in children. Osteochondromas can lead to skeletal deformity, pain, loss of motion, and neurovascular compression. Currently, surgery is the only available treatment for symptomatic osteochondromas. Osteochondroma mouse models have been developed to understand the pathology and the origin of osteochondromas and develop therapeutic drugs. Several cartilage regulatory pathways have been implicated in the development of osteochondromas, such as bone morphogenetic protein, hedgehog, and WNT/β-catenin signaling. Retinoic acid receptor-γ is an important regulator of endochondral bone formation. Selective agonists for retinoic acid receptor-γ, such as palovarotene, have been investigated as drugs for inhibition of ectopic endochondral ossification, including osteochondromas. This review discusses the signaling pathways involved in osteochondroma pathogenesis and their possible interactions with the retinoid pathway.
Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mice; Osteochondroma; Retinoids; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34809786
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.003 -
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Oct 2019Osteochondroma is a benign autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of cartilage in the long bone. It is divided into solitary... (Review)
Review
Osteochondroma is a benign autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of cartilage in the long bone. It is divided into solitary osteochondroma and hereditary multiple exostoses (HMEs). The exostosin-1 (EXT-1) and exostosin-2 (EXT-2) gene mutations are well-defined molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HME. EXT-1 and EXT-2 encode glycosyltransferases that are necessary for the synthesis of heparin sulfate. Accumulating evidence suggests that mutations in the EXT family induce changes in isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-parathyroid hormone-related protein, bone morphogenetic protein, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. Studies have also found that a large number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed in osteochondroma tissues, and some of them also participate in several major signaling pathways. The regulation of miRNA expression could be another breakthrough in the treatment of osteochondroma. Although the pathogenesis of osteochondroma is very complicated, significant progress has been made in recent years. It is hoped that the pathogenesis of osteochondroma will be clearly understood and the most effective methods for the prevention and treatment of osteochondroma will be determined. This review provides an update on the recent progress in the interpretation of the underlying molecular mechanisms of osteochondroma.
Topics: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; MicroRNAs; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; Neoplasm Proteins; Osteochondroma; RNA, Neoplasm; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 31211456
DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29155 -
Vascular Dec 2016Arterial pseudoaneurysms associated with osteochondromas are rare and most publications on this topic are case reports. The management of this double entity is not... (Review)
Review
Arterial pseudoaneurysms associated with osteochondromas are rare and most publications on this topic are case reports. The management of this double entity is not standardized. We wanted to update it. Literature searches on MEDLINE and EMBASE were performed using the keywords "artery pseudoaneurysm" and "osteochondroma". Patient demographics, clinical presentations, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities were reviewed. In sum, 101 cases were analyzed. Overall, young adults represented the majority of the affected population with a masculine preponderancy (86%). Painful swelling (51%) was the most commonly physical finding. Distal femur was the most common site of the osteochondroma (86%). Multiple hereditary exostosis was seldom reported (36%). Diagnostic confirmation was dominated by arteriography (55%). Popliteal artery (77%) was the most commonly injured vessel. The treatment was open surgery with vascular repair and optimal exostectomy. Arterial repair was performed with saphenous vein grafting (40%) or lateral suture (39%). Postoperative courses were often uneventful (97%). Arterial pseudoaneurysms resulted from osteochondromas were dominated by those involving the popliteal artery. The use of arteriography to confirm the diagnosis may be limited to the benefit of non-invasive radiological methods because endovascular treatment is not relevant in the setting of osteochondroma-induced arterial pseudoaneurysm.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aneurysm, False; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Femoral Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteochondroma; Osteotomy; Popliteal Artery; Predictive Value of Tests; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Surgical Procedures; Young Adult
PubMed: 26944530
DOI: 10.1177/1708538116634532 -
World Neurosurgery May 2021Osteochondroma is described as a capped benign bony neoplasm that forms on the outer surface of bone. These tumors affect nearly 6 million people per year. Although... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Osteochondroma is described as a capped benign bony neoplasm that forms on the outer surface of bone. These tumors affect nearly 6 million people per year. Although osteochondromas most often involve the appendicular skeleton, many involve the spine, with many cases located in the cervical spine. When osteochondromas involve the spine, they can present with a variety of symptoms, including pain, radiculopathy, and myelopathy, which may necessitate surgical treatment. Spinal osteochondromas can be classified into 2 types: multiple osteochondromas in the context of patients with multiple hereditary exostosis (MHE) and solitary osteochondroma or solitary exostosis (SE). Previous reviews have captured only some of the available literature on cervical osteochondromas and have generally focused on either SE or those associated with MHE. The purpose of our review was to provide an extensive review of all previously reported cervical osteochondromas and to compare osteochondroma characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes in the context of MHE and SE.
Topics: Cervical Vertebrae; Disease Management; Humans; Osteochondroma; Spinal Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33561553
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.148 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jan 2022A number of fibro-osseous and osteocartilaginous lesions, especially common in the small bones of the hand and feet, pose a diagnostic challenge and have historically... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT.—
A number of fibro-osseous and osteocartilaginous lesions, especially common in the small bones of the hand and feet, pose a diagnostic challenge and have historically been thought to be reactive lesions. However, modern molecular techniques when supplementing clinical, radiographic, and histologic evaluation suggest they may, in fact, be neoplasms.
OBJECTIVE.—
To review the clinical presentation and histopathologic, molecular, and radiologic features of selective bone lesions, focusing most specifically on subungual exostosis, florid reactive periostitis, and bizarre periosteal osteochondromatous proliferation.
DATA SOURCES.—
Literature review and personal experience are the sources of this review.
CONCLUSIONS.—
Some lesions previously thought to be reactive are locally aggressive and demonstrate reproducible molecular abnormalities, and thus may be neoplasms. Although most common in the bones of the fingers and toes, these lesions also occur in long and other bones. The clinical presentations, radiologic appearances, and histopathologic features often overlap, making the diagnosis challenging, and these lesions may require molecular evaluation to maximize accurate prognostication.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Exostoses; Hand; Humans; Osteochondroma; Periostitis
PubMed: 33946096
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0817-RA