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ELife Sep 2022Morphogenetic events during the development of the fetal ovary are crucial to the establishment of female fertility. However, the effects of structural rearrangements of...
Morphogenetic events during the development of the fetal ovary are crucial to the establishment of female fertility. However, the effects of structural rearrangements of the ovary and surrounding reproductive tissues on ovary morphogenesis remain largely uncharacterized. Using tissue clearing and lightsheet microscopy, we found that ovary folding correlated with regionalization into cortex and medulla. Relocation of the oviduct to the ventral aspect of the ovary led to ovary encapsulation, and mutual attachment of the ovary and oviduct to the cranial suspensory ligament likely triggered ovary folding. During this process, the rete ovarii (RO) elaborated into a convoluted tubular structure extending from the ovary into the ovarian capsule. Using genetic mouse models in which the oviduct and RO are perturbed, we found the oviduct is required for ovary encapsulation. This study reveals novel relationships among the ovary and surrounding tissues and paves the way for functional investigation of the relationship between architecture and differentiation of the mammalian ovary.
Topics: Humans; Female; Mice; Animals; Ovary; Oviducts; Fetus; Morphogenesis; Ligaments; Mammals
PubMed: 36165446
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.81088 -
Biology of Reproduction Apr 2016Traditionally, research in the field of trace element biology and human and animal health has largely depended on epidemiological methods to demonstrate involvement in... (Review)
Review
Traditionally, research in the field of trace element biology and human and animal health has largely depended on epidemiological methods to demonstrate involvement in biological processes. These studies were typically followed by trace element supplementation trials or attempts at identification of the biochemical pathways involved. With the discovery of biological molecules that contain the trace elements, such as matrix metalloproteinases containing zinc (Zn), cytochrome P450 enzymes containing iron (Fe), and selenoproteins containing selenium (Se), much of the current research focuses on these molecules, and, hence, only indirectly on trace elements themselves. This review focuses largely on two synchrotron-based x-ray techniques: X-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray fluorescence imaging that can be used to identify the in situ speciation and distribution of trace elements in tissues, using our recent studies of bovine ovaries, where the distribution of Fe, Se, Zn, and bromine were determined. It also discusses the value of other techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, used to garner information about the concentrations and elemental state of the trace elements. These applications to measure trace elemental distributions in bovine ovaries at high resolutions provide new insights into possible roles for trace elements in the ovary.
Topics: Animals; Bromine; Female; Iron; Ovary; Reproduction; Selenium; Trace Elements; X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy; Zinc
PubMed: 26864198
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.137240 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Macrophages (MΦs) are the most abundant leukocytes in mammalian ovaries that have heterogeneity and plasticity. A body of evidence has indicated that these cells are... (Review)
Review
Macrophages (MΦs) are the most abundant leukocytes in mammalian ovaries that have heterogeneity and plasticity. A body of evidence has indicated that these cells are important in maintaining ovarian homeostasis and they play critical roles in ovarian physiological events, such as folliculogenesis, ovulation, corpus luteum formation and regression. As females age, ovarian tissue microenvironment is typified by chronic inflammation with exacerbated ovarian fibrosis. In response to specific danger signals within aged ovaries, macrophages polarize into different M1 or M2 phenotypes, and specialize in unique functions to participate in the ovarian aging process. In this review, we will focus on the physiologic roles of MΦs in normal ovarian functions. Furthermore, we will discuss the roles of MΦs in the process of ovarian senescence, as well as the novel techniques applied in this field.
Topics: Female; Animals; Ovary; Ovulation; Macrophages; Leukocytes; Mammals
PubMed: 38027176
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1282658 -
Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Aug 2019Retinoids are essential for reproduction. Most research has focused on the role of retinoic acid signaling in the regulation of meiosis during early fetal germ cell... (Review)
Review
Retinoids are essential for reproduction. Most research has focused on the role of retinoic acid signaling in the regulation of meiosis during early fetal germ cell development. However, less attention has been paid to the possible effects of retinoic acid signaling in adult female gonads. Retinoic acid, its receptors, and the key enzymes required for retinoic acid synthesis are expressed in the ovaries and they are involved in the regulation of folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis. Exposure to compounds that can interfere with normal retinoic acid signaling is associated with adverse ovarian outcomes, including altered steroidogenesis and reduction in indicators of ovarian reserve in women and laboratory animal models. These observations call for more attention to retinoids as regulators of adult ovarian physiology and as possible targets of endocrine disruption by environmental chemicals. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of retinoids in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in post-pubertal mammalian ovaries.
Topics: Animals; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Ovary; Retinoids
PubMed: 31059772
DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.04.007 -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of... Feb 2023The ovary resides in the pelvic cavity and is a dynamic organ with physiologic changes from birth to menopause. The imaging features of the normal ovary depend on the... (Review)
Review
The ovary resides in the pelvic cavity and is a dynamic organ with physiologic changes from birth to menopause. The imaging features of the normal ovary depend on the physiologic changes through puberty, reproductive age, and menopause. It is important for radiologists to understand the imaging features of normal physiologic changes in the ovaries and differentiate them from disease states.
Topics: Female; Humans; Ovary; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Menopause; Puberty; Pelvis
PubMed: 36368854
DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2022.07.001 -
Results and Problems in Cell... 2019The subphylum Chelicerata represents one of the oldest groups among arthropods and comprises more than a dozen orders. Representatives of particular orders differ... (Review)
Review
The subphylum Chelicerata represents one of the oldest groups among arthropods and comprises more than a dozen orders. Representatives of particular orders differ significantly in their external morphology, reproductive biology, behavior, and structure of internal organs, e.g. of the respiratory system. However, in almost all chelicerates (excluding some mites) the female gonads show a similar architecture. In this chapter, the chelicerate-type ovary structure and the course of oogenesis are described. Structural and functional diversities of the chelicerate-type ovary in non-matrotrophic and matrotrophic arachnids are also presented.
Topics: Animals; Arachnida; Arthropods; Female; Oogenesis; Ovary
PubMed: 31598868
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23459-1_19 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Oct 2018
Review
Topics: Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ovary
PubMed: 29500647
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1531-2 -
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Mar 2023For certain types of cancer patients, ovarian transplantation has a risk of malignant cancer cell infection. However, the autologous transplantation of an artificial... (Review)
Review
For certain types of cancer patients, ovarian transplantation has a risk of malignant cancer cell infection. However, the autologous transplantation of an artificial ovary is safe and effective, guarantees the normal development of isolated follicles, regular oocyte maturation, and ovulation, partially restores endocrine function, and enables the patient to regain reproductive ability. Despite the complexity of the natural ovary, some progress has been made in the repair or replacement of reproductive tissues with the use of various biomaterials. This article reviews the physical structure, biomechanical properties, design elements, preparation routes, construction and practical use of natural polymer materials, usually hydrogel scaffolds, such as alginate, fibrin, gelatin, collagen, agarose, and acellular ovarian matrix in the preparation of artificial ovaries. We summarize how these materials can be made into artificial ovaries to achieve the conditions for fertility through follicle and oocyte development and identify several major issues to overcome for the future development of artificial ovaries, including how to establish blood recirculation, and how to establish hormone synthesis and release channels. This review is intended to provide a reference for the use of natural polymer biomaterials in reproductive clinics.
Topics: Female; Animals; Ovary; Biocompatible Materials; Ovarian Follicle; Oogenesis; Fertility
PubMed: 36629950
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03125-6 -
Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2021Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is characterized by dense fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration that contains abundant IgG4 positive...
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is characterized by dense fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration that contains abundant IgG4 positive plasma cells. It causes tumefactive lesions in the involved organs and is most commonly seen in the salivary glands, pancreas, and retroperitoneum. Ovarian involvement has been reported in only two cases. In our case, a 58-year-old female patient presented with abdominal distention and pain. Pelvic computed tomography revealed a soft tissue lesion compatible with the omental cake, several intraabdominal implants, and bilateral adnexal fullness. A laparotomy was performed under suspicion of peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to bilateral adnexal mass. In the histopathologic examination, abundant lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and dense fibrosis were observed in both ovaries and the peritoneum. In the areas of greatest density, the density of IgG4-positive plasma cells was found to range from 40 to 50 per high-power field. The patient was accepted as suffering from probable IgG4-related disease because of the bilateral involvement of the ovaries and the histopathological findings. In conclusion, we present this case to draw attention to the fact that IgG4-related disease can also be seen in the ovary.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease; Middle Aged; Ovarian Diseases; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Plasma Cells
PubMed: 32779156
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2020.01500 -
Theriogenology Apr 2019Heifers have two or three major follicular waves per interovulatory interval (IOI). In mares and women, the ovulatory wave is the only major wave in most (75%) IOI. The... (Review)
Review
Heifers have two or three major follicular waves per interovulatory interval (IOI). In mares and women, the ovulatory wave is the only major wave in most (75%) IOI. The beginning of diameter deviation during follicle selection of the future dominant follicle (DF) is followed by continued growth of DF and decreasing growth of the future subordinate follicles. Diameter deviation in Bos taurus heifers, mares, and women begins when the future DF is a mean of 8.5, 22.5, and 10.5 mm, respectively. Selection of the ovulatory follicle occurs more frequently from right ovary (RO) in heifers and women and from left ovary (LO) in nulliparous mares with no difference between ovaries in parous mares. The RO predilection for ovulation is preceded by a predilection for more follicles in RO before the beginning of deviation as indicated by (1) in heifers and women, there were more predeviation follicles in RO than LO and ovulation occurred more frequently from RO whereas in mares there was no difference between ovaries in number of predeviation follicles and ovulation occurred with similar frequency between ovaries and (2) in heifers, the number of ovulatory waves with DF in the ovary that had more predeviation follicles was greater than the number of waves with DF in the ovary that had fewer follicles. In heifers, ovulation from RO occurs more frequently when the regressed CL is also in RO and is attributable to a positive intraovarian effect of the CL on predeviation follicles that were adjacent to the CL. The positive two-way effect between CL and future DF when adjacent is expressed by greater dimensions and vascular perfusion of CL and DF. This phenomenon awaits study in mares and women. An exception to more frequent RO ovulation in heifers occurs in wave 3 owing to a switch during predeviation in future dominance to a smaller follicle when the largest follicle is adjacent to the regressing CL. A preovulatory contralateral relationship (DF and CL in opposite ovaries) during the last wave of an IOI in heifers usually (eg, 88%) converts to an ipsilateral relationship during wave 1 of the next IOI in association with continuity in vascular perfusion and number of predeviation follicles per ovary. Alternating relationships between consecutive ovulations were not found in mares and is controversial in women. Applied potential of ovarian asymmetry is indicated by greater blastocyst rate for RO oocytes in cattle and greater pregnancy rate for RO ovulation in women.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Corpus Luteum; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Horses; Humans; Ovarian Follicle; Ovary; Ovulation; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
PubMed: 30735916
DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.019