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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021Honey bees () perform pollination service for many agricultural crops and contribute to the global economy in agriculture and bee products. However, honey bee health is...
Honey bees () perform pollination service for many agricultural crops and contribute to the global economy in agriculture and bee products. However, honey bee health is an ongoing concern, as illustrated by persistent local population decline, caused by some severe bee diseases (e.g., nosemosis, AFB, EFB, chalkbrood) Three natural recipes are in development based on the bioactive compounds of different plants extract ( and ), characterised by HPLC-PDA. The antimicrobial activity of these recipes was tested in vitro against and in vivo against A mix of 20% blueberry, 40% absinthium, 10% oakmoss, 10% oregano, 10% Brewers Gold hops, 5% bay laurel and 5% anise hyssop extract showed the strongest antibacterial and antifungal activity. Combing several highly active plant extracts might be an alternative treatment against bee-disease-associated parasites and pathogens, in particular to replace synthetic antibiotics.
PubMed: 34439010
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080960 -
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins Mar 2020Paenibacillus alvei NP75, a Gram-positive bacterium, produces two different antimicrobial peptides, paenibacillin N and P, which has potent antimicrobial activity...
Paenibacillus alvei NP75, a Gram-positive bacterium, produces two different antimicrobial peptides, paenibacillin N and P, which has potent antimicrobial activity against many clinical pathogens. The synthesis pattern of these antimicrobial peptides by P. alvei NP75 was studied extensively. The results were outstanding in a way that the paenibacillin N was synthesized irrespective of the growth of bacteria (non-ribosomal mediated), whereas paenibacillin P production was carried out by ribosomal mediated. In addition to the antimicrobial peptides, P. alvei NP75 also produces an immunogenic extracellular protease to defend itself from its own antimicrobial peptide, paenibacillin P. Furthermore, this immunogenic protease production was impaired by the addition of protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). The sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treated strain (mutant) failed to produce paenibacillin P, whereas the production of neither paenibacillin N nor the protease was affected by the plasmid curing. The plasmid curing studies that divulge the genes responsible for the synthesis of paenibacillin N and protease were found to be genome encoded, and paenibacillin P was plasmid encoded. We are reporting, first of its kind, the co-production of two different antimicrobial peptides from P. alvei NP75 through non-ribosomal and ribosomal pathways that could be used as effective antibiotics.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Paenibacillus; Plasmids; Protein Biosynthesis; Ribosomes
PubMed: 31001787
DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09541-w -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Mar 2016
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fatal Outcome; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Meningoencephalitis; Paenibacillus; Sepsis
PubMed: 26866854
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001003 -
Biometals : An International Journal on... Dec 2017Bee disease caused by spore-forming Paenibacillus larvae and Paenibacillus alvei is a serious problem for honey production. Thus, there is an ongoing effort to find an...
Bee disease caused by spore-forming Paenibacillus larvae and Paenibacillus alvei is a serious problem for honey production. Thus, there is an ongoing effort to find an effective agent that shows broad biocidal activity with minimal environmental hazard. In this study, the biocidal effect of maltose reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is evaluated against American foulbrood and European foulbrood pathogens. The results demonstrate that the maltose reduced AgNPs are excellent short and long-term biocides against P. larvae isolates. The long-term effect suggests that the Ag ions are released from the AgNPs with increasing time in a controlled manner.
Topics: Animals; Bacillus; Bees; Disinfectants; Dynamic Light Scattering; Green Chemistry Technology; Larva; Maltose; Metal Nanoparticles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Micrococcus; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Paenibacillus; Silver; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 28986750
DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0055-5 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) May 2021Grapevine bunch rot, caused by and , causes important economic losses every year in grape production. In the present study, we examined the plant protective activity of...
Grapevine bunch rot, caused by and , causes important economic losses every year in grape production. In the present study, we examined the plant protective activity of the biological control agents, K165, sp. FP12 and sp. FP15 against and on grapes. The in vitro experiments showed that strain K165 significantly reduced the growth of both fungi, while FP15 restricted the growth of and FP12 was ineffective. Following the in vitro experiments, we conducted in planta experiments on grape berries. It was shown that K165, FP12 and FP15 reduced rot severity by 81%, 57% and 37%, respectively, compared to the control, whereas, in the case of , the only protective treatment was that with K165, which reduced rot by 75%. The transcriptomic analysis of the genes encoding the pathogenesis-related proteins PR2, PR3, PR4 and PR5 indicates the activation of multiple defense responses involved in the biocontrol activity of the examined biocontrol agents.
PubMed: 34068090
DOI: 10.3390/plants10050970 -
Genomics Data Dec 2017Here we report the draft genome sequence of an endophytic strain isolated from the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia reserve forest, Malaysia. The genome size was...
Here we report the draft genome sequence of an endophytic strain isolated from the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia reserve forest, Malaysia. The genome size was approximately 8.04 Mb, and the assembly consisted of 107 scaffolds with 168 contigs, and had a G + C content of 53%. Phylogenetic analysis of strain SUK123 using the 16S rRNA gene revealed that it belonged to the family with the highest similarity to SD (99%). Whole genome comparison of SUK123 with related species using average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis revealed a similarity of 98% to Mst1, 94% to B69, 91% to A2, 68% to SC2 and 69% to DMS29. The draft genome was deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive (PRJEB21373).
PubMed: 28856101
DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.08.005 -
Open Life Sciences 2020[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0019.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0019.].
PubMed: 33818580
DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0104 -
Toxins Oct 2021Food bio-preservatives are requested as substituents of chemical pesticides in food. The aim of this study was to carry out a screening of twenty biocontrol agents...
Food bio-preservatives are requested as substituents of chemical pesticides in food. The aim of this study was to carry out a screening of twenty biocontrol agents (BCAs) for their potential fungicidal activity in vitro. Twenty BCAs were tested against ten pathogenic fungi. Some of the cell-free supernatants (CFS) tested showed in vitro antifungal activity versus pathogenic fungi. The highest fungicidal activity was observed in the fermented CFS of CECT 375, CECT 493, and CECT 850, which showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of 125 and 250 g/L, respectively. The compounds responsible for the antifungal activity, such as organic and phenolic acids, were determined. Lactic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, and phenyllactic acid among others can be related to antifungal activity. HPLC-MS/MS analysis showed a reduction of ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin B (AFB) up to 26% ( CECT 2) and 55% ( CECT 155), respectively. The present study prompts that metabolism products of BCAs are propitious for the bioconservation of food, due to their ability to reduce the proliferation of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins production.
Topics: Aflatoxin B1; Antifungal Agents; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Cell-Free System; Fungicides, Industrial; In Vitro Techniques; Ochratoxins; Paenibacillus; Pantoea; Pest Control, Biological; Poisons
PubMed: 34822536
DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110752 -
MicrobiologyOpen Mar 2019European foulbrood is a globally distributed brood disease affecting honey bees. It may lead to lethal infections of larvae and, in severe cases, even to colony...
European foulbrood is a globally distributed brood disease affecting honey bees. It may lead to lethal infections of larvae and, in severe cases, even to colony collapse. Lately, a profound genetic and phenotypic diversity was documented for the causative agent Melissococcus plutonius. However, experimental work on the impact of diverse M. plutonius strains on hosts with different genetic background is completely lacking and the role of secondary invaders is poorly understood. Here, we address these issues and elucidate the impact and interaction of both host and pathogen on one another. Moreover, we try to unravel the role of secondary bacterial invasions in foulbrood-diseased larvae. We employed in vitro infections with honey bee larvae from queens with different genetic background and three different M. plutonius strains. Larvae infection experiments showed host-dependent survival dynamics although M. plutonius strain 49.3 consistently had the highest virulence. This pattern was also reflected in significantly reduced weights of 49.3 strain-infected larvae compared to the other treatments. No difference was found in groups additionally inoculated with a secondary invader (Enterococcus faecalis or Paenibacillus alvei) neither in terms of larval survival nor weight. These results suggest that host background contributes markedly to the course of the disease but virulence is mainly dependent on pathogen genotype. Secondary invaders following a M. plutonius infection do not increase disease lethality and therefore may just be a colonization of weakened and immunodeficient, or dead larvae.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Enterococcaceae; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Larva; Paenibacillus; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 29799173
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.649 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2021The sustainable development of agriculture can be stimulated by the great market availability of bio-inputs, including phosphate-solubilizing microbial strains. However,...
The sustainable development of agriculture can be stimulated by the great market availability of bio-inputs, including phosphate-solubilizing microbial strains. However, these strains are currently selected using imprecise and questionable solubilization methodologies in solid or liquid media. We hypothesized that the hydroponic system could be a more efficient methodology for selecting phosphate-solubilizing strains as plant growth promoters. This methodology was tested using the plant as a model. The growth-promoting potential of the strains was compared with that of the Biomaphos® commercial microbial mixture. The obtained calcium phosphate (CaHPO) solubilization results using the hydroponic system were inconsistent with those observed in solid and liquid media. However, the tests in liquid medium demonstrated poor performances of sp. (328EF) and (33EF) in reducing pH and solubilizing CaHPO, which corroborates with the effects of biotic stress observed in plants inoculated with these strains. Nevertheless, the hydroponic system allowed the characterization of (PA12), which is also efficient in solubilization in a liquid medium. The bacterium (PA26) was the most effective in CaHPO solubilization owing to the higher phosphorus (P) absorption, growth promotion, and physiological performance observed in plants inoculated with this bacterium. The hydroponic method proved to be superior in selecting solubilizing strains, allowing the assessment of multiple patterns, such as nutritional level, growth, photosynthetic performance, and anatomical variation in plants, and even the detection of biotic stress responses to inoculation, obtaining strains with higher growth promotion potential than Biomaphos®. This study proposed a new approach to confirm the solubilizing activity of microorganisms previously selected and potentially intended for the bio-input market that are useful in P availability for important crops, such as soybeans.
PubMed: 34777440
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.759463