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Biomedical Papers of the Medical... Dec 2022Although symptoms of pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis, acute and chronic and, carcinoma of the pancreas are mainly gastrointestinal in nature, the... (Review)
Review
Although symptoms of pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis, acute and chronic and, carcinoma of the pancreas are mainly gastrointestinal in nature, the extra-pancreatic symptoms are also important. These include skin symptoms, such as pancreatic panniculitis, acanthosis nigricans, livedo reticularis, necrolytic migratory erythema, cutaneous signs of hemorrhage, as in persons with severe acute pancreatitis, or the finding of cutaneous metastases of pancreatic carcinoma, which may be a sign of advanced disease. The pancreas is therefore one of those organs for which diagnosis and therapy are often multidisciplinary. In this review article, we summarize current knowledge of the possible skin manifestations of pancreatic disorders.
Topics: Humans; Acute Disease; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic Diseases; Skin Diseases; Skin; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35938387
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2022.035 -
Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology &... Feb 2017Pancreatic diseases, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus, taken together, occur in >10% of the world population. Pancreatic diseases, as with... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic diseases, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus, taken together, occur in >10% of the world population. Pancreatic diseases, as with other diseases, benefit from early intervention and appropriate diagnosis. Although imaging technologies have given clinicians an unprecedented toolbox to aid in clinical decision-making, advances in these technologies and development of molecular-based diagnostic tools could enable physicians to identify diseases at an even earlier stage and, thereby, improve patient outcomes. In this Review, we discuss and identify gaps in the use of imaging techniques for the early detection and appropriate treatment stratification of various pancreatic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Imaging techniques discussed are MRI, CT, PET and ultrasonography. Additionally, the identification of new molecular targets for imaging and the development of contrast agents that are able to give molecular information in noninvasive radionuclear imaging and ultrasonography are emerging areas of innovation that could lead to increased diagnostic accuracy and improved patient outcomes.
Topics: Biomarkers; Clinical Decision-Making; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pancreatic Diseases; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 27826137
DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.144 -
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... Apr 2020Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted molecule, expressed in various cell types, that is involved in the progression of numerous diseases and disorders. The biological... (Review)
Review
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted molecule, expressed in various cell types, that is involved in the progression of numerous diseases and disorders. The biological functions and expression levels of LCN2 in diseases including pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis (acute and chronic), and diabetes mellitus, suggest the potential role of LCN2 as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target. However, findings on the role of LCN2 in pancreatic diseases have been contradictory. In pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis, LCN2 has been identified as a potential biomarker; increased expression levels in various biological specimens correlate with the presence of the disease and may be able to differentiate cancer and chronic pancreatitis from healthy subjects. LCN2 is also known to be an adipokine; it is upregulated in obesity and is a common co-factor in the development of pancreatic diseases. Emerging research suggests LCN2 is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the exact role of LCN2 in this disease is not clear. In this review, we summarize research on LCN2 as it relates to pancreatic diseases, highlighting the discrepancies in the literature. By explaining and clarifying the role of LCN2 in these disorders, we aim to promote research in developing novel diagnostic and treatment strategies to reduce the burden of pancreatic diseases.
Topics: Adipokines; Biomarkers; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Lipocalin-2; Pancreatic Diseases
PubMed: 31932215
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.01.002 -
Current Rheumatology Reports Aug 2017Polyarthritis can have numerous reasons and may thus constitute a challenge for differential diagnosis. One rare potential reason for sterile polyarthritis is underlying... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Polyarthritis can have numerous reasons and may thus constitute a challenge for differential diagnosis. One rare potential reason for sterile polyarthritis is underlying pancreatic disease with systemic hyperlipasemia, most often accompanied by painful skin lesions caused by a subcutaneous inflammatory process known as panniculitis. Systematic evidence on pancreatic panniculitis and polyarthritis is limited, particularly regarding its feature as facultative paraneoplasia with underlying intra- or even extra-pancreatic malignancy. Therefore, we will summarize the current knowledge about this orphan disease including epidemiological, pathophysiological, diagnostic, and treatment aspects in the present review.
RECENT FINDINGS
Although direct evidence is lacking, it is highly probable that pancreatic polyarthritis and panniculitis are caused by peripheral lipolytic activity of lipase systemically circulating due to benign (e.g., acute or chronic pancreatitis) or malign (e.g., acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) or adenocarcinoma) pancreatic disease. In the latter case, pancreatic polyarthritis and panniculitis are associated with poor outcome. Pancreatic polyarthritis and panniculitis should always be included into diagnostic considerations, and once suspected, a thorough work-up to identify the underlying disease has to be performed.
Topics: Arthritis; Humans; Lipase; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Panniculitis; Prognosis
PubMed: 28844095
DOI: 10.1007/s11926-017-0690-4 -
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Mar 2020The pancreas is an organ with both exocrine and endocrine functions that has a vital role in both digestion as well as glucose metabolism. Although pancreatic... (Review)
Review
The pancreas is an organ with both exocrine and endocrine functions that has a vital role in both digestion as well as glucose metabolism. Although pancreatic dysfunction and disorders are rare in pregnancy, they are becoming increasingly more common. Recognition of these disorders and understanding how they can affect pregnancy is imperative to allow for proper management. We provide an overview of the most common pancreatic disorders that are seen in pregnancy.
Topics: Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Female; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 31789887
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000503 -
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology Sep 2018
Topics: Humans; Pancreas, Exocrine; Pancreatic Diseases
PubMed: 29979213
DOI: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000465 -
International Journal of Biological... 2019Pancreatic disease, including pathologies such as acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and pancreatic cancer (PC), is a complicated and dangerous clinical... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic disease, including pathologies such as acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and pancreatic cancer (PC), is a complicated and dangerous clinical condition involving the disruption of exocrine or endocrine function. PC has one of the highest mortality rates among cancers due to insufficient diagnosis in early stages. Furthermore, efficient treatment options for the disease etiologies of AP and CP are lacking. Thus, the identification of new therapeutic targets and reliable biomarkers is required. As essential couriers in intercellular communication, exosomes have recently been confirmed to play an important role in pancreatic disease, but the specific underlying mechanisms are unknown. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge of exosomes in pancreatic disease with respect to diagnosis, molecular mechanisms, and treatment, proposing new ideas for the study of pancreatic disease.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Exosomes; Humans; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis, Chronic; RNA, Untranslated
PubMed: 31523187
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.35823 -
The British Journal of Surgery Sep 2022
Topics: Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases
PubMed: 36084336
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac167 -
Journal of Ayub Medical College,... 2019Hemosuccus pancreaticus (HP) defined as bleeding into the pancreatic duct was first described in 1931 by Lower and Farell. HP also popularly known as wirsungorrhaghia... (Review)
Review
Hemosuccus pancreaticus (HP) defined as bleeding into the pancreatic duct was first described in 1931 by Lower and Farell. HP also popularly known as wirsungorrhaghia and pseudohemobilia is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleed. The unfamiliarity of this condition makes HP a diagnostic challenge. HP should be considered in patients with chronic pancreatitis presenting with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnosis is usually confirmed with a computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen. A mesenteric angiogram with coil embolization can be performed to arrest the bleeding. The literature on this condition is restricted to case reports, case series and retrospective studies. We describe a case of HP in a patient with gastrointestinal bleeding and take this opportunity to review the literature outlining the diagnosis and management of HP.
Topics: Angiography; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Ducts; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31933323
DOI: No ID Found -
Scandinavian Journal of Surgery : SJS :... Mar 2020
Topics: Humans; Pancreatic Diseases
PubMed: 32192423
DOI: 10.1177/1457496920911804