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Journal of Nephrology Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Peritoneum; Peritoneal Dialysis; Radionuclide Imaging; Fistula; Peritoneal Diseases
PubMed: 37535296
DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01729-2 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Sep 2016Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Besides the lymphatic and haematogenous... (Review)
Review
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Besides the lymphatic and haematogenous routes of dissemination, CRC frequently gives rise to transcoelomic spread of tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity, which ultimately leads to peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). PC is associated with a poor prognosis and bad quality of life for these patients in their terminal stages of disease. A loco-regional treatment modality for PC combining cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal peroperative chemotherapy has resulted in promising clinical results. However, this novel approach is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular events involved in peritoneal disease spread is paramount in avoiding unnecessary toxicity. The emergence of PC is the result of a molecular crosstalk between cancer cells and host elements, involving several well-defined steps, together known as the peritoneal metastatic cascade. Individual or clumps of tumor cells detach from the primary tumor, gain access to the peritoneal cavity and become susceptible to the regular peritoneal transport. They attach to the distant peritoneum, subsequently invade the subperitoneal space, where angiogenesis sustains proliferation and enables further metastatic growth. These molecular events are not isolated events but rather a continuous and interdependent process. In this manuscript, we review current data regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of colorectal PC, with a special focus on the peritoneum and the role of the surgeon in peritoneal disease spread.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carcinoma; Cell Proliferation; Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion; Colorectal Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Peritoneum; Quality of Life
PubMed: 27678351
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i34.7692 -
Journal of Medical Imaging and... Oct 2018
Review
Topics: Douglas' Pouch; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Peritoneum; Rectum
PubMed: 30309141
DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.49_12784 -
Canadian Association of Radiologists... Aug 2019
Review
Topics: Humans; Peritoneal Fibrosis; Peritoneum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30922787
DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2018.11.005 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology May 2019Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE) is a very rare, congenital condition characterised by the presence of an accessory peritoneal membrane which encases a variable... (Review)
Review
Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE) is a very rare, congenital condition characterised by the presence of an accessory peritoneal membrane which encases a variable extent of the small bowel. It is unclear how CPE develops, however it is currently understood to be a result of an aberrant adhesion in the peritoneal lining of the physiological hernia in foetal mid-gut development. The condition was first described in 1868, and subsequently there have been only 45 case reports of the phenomenon. No formal, systematised review of CPE has yet been performed, meaning the condition remains poorly understood, underdiagnosed and mismanaged. Diagnosis of CPE remains clinical with important adjuncts provided by imaging and diagnostic laparoscopy. Two thirds of patients present with abdominal pain, likely secondary to sub-acute bowel obstruction. A fixed, asymmetrical distension of the abdomen and differential consistency on abdominal palpation are more specific clinical features present in approximately 10% of cases. CPE is virtually undetectable on plain imaging, and is only detected on 40% of patients with computed tomography scan. Most patients will undergo diagnostic laparotomy to confirm the diagnosis. Management of CPE includes both medical management of the critically-unstable patient and surgical laparotomy, partial peritonectomy and adhesiolysis. Prognosis following prompt surgical treatment is excellent, with a majority of patients being symptom free at follow up. This review summarises the current literature on the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease. We also introduce a novel classification system for encapsulating bowel diseases, which may distinguish CPE from the commoner, more morbid conditions of abdominal cocoon and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis.
Topics: Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Intestine, Small; Peritoneal Fibrosis; Peritoneum; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31148901
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i19.2294 -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Jan 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; Endometriosis; Peritoneum; Ascitic Fluid
PubMed: 35192038
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06467-7 -
Abdominal Imaging Mar 2015The largest and most complex serosal membrane in the body, the peritoneum, lines the abdominal cavity, and the abdominopelvic viscera. It is frequently involved in a... (Review)
Review
The largest and most complex serosal membrane in the body, the peritoneum, lines the abdominal cavity, and the abdominopelvic viscera. It is frequently involved in a variety of benign and malignant processes. While secondary involvement of the peritoneum is more common, primary tumors can be a diagnostic challenge. Knowledge of the anatomy is crucial in understanding the various pathologic processes. Cross-sectional imaging plays an important role in diagnosing and evaluating the extent of the disease processes. This article reviews the imaging anatomy of the peritoneum and mesentery and the common pathologies involving it.
Topics: Humans; Infarction; Mesentery; Omentum; Panniculitis, Peritoneal; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei
PubMed: 25189130
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-014-0232-8 -
International Journal of Biological... 2021Postoperative adhesions (PA) are fibrotic tissues that are the most common driver of long-term morbidity after abdominal and pelvic surgery. The optimal drug or material... (Review)
Review
Postoperative adhesions (PA) are fibrotic tissues that are the most common driver of long-term morbidity after abdominal and pelvic surgery. The optimal drug or material to prevent adhesion formation has not yet been discovered. Comprehensive understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of adhesion process stimulates the design of future anti-adhesive strategies. Recently, disruption of peritoneal mesothelial cells were suggested as the 'motor' of PA formation, followed by a cascade of events (coagulation, inflammation, fibrinolysis) and influx of various immune cells, ultimately leading to a fibrous exudate. We showed that a variety of immune cells were recruited into adhesive peritoneal tissues in patients with small bowel obstruction caused by PA. The interactions among various types of immune cells contribute to PA development following peritoneal trauma. Our review focuses on the specific role of different immune cells in cellular and humoral mechanisms underpinning adhesion development.
Topics: Animals; Fibrosis; Humans; Peritoneum; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 33390851
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.54403 -
American Journal of Kidney Diseases :... Dec 2014The speed with which small solutes cross the peritoneal membrane, termed peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR), is a key measure of individual membrane performance.... (Review)
Review
The speed with which small solutes cross the peritoneal membrane, termed peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR), is a key measure of individual membrane performance. PSTR can be quantified easily by using the 4-hour dialysate to plasma creatinine ratio, which, although only an approximation to the diffusive characteristics of the membrane, has been well validated clinically in terms of its relationship to patient survival and changes in longitudinal membrane function. This has led to changes in peritoneal dialysis modality use and dialysis prescription. An important determinant of PSTR is intraperitoneal inflammation, as exemplified by local interleukin 6 production, which is largely independent of systemic inflammation and its relationship to comorbid conditions and increased mortality. There is no strong evidence to support the contention that the peritoneal membrane in some individuals with high PSTR is qualitatively different at the start of treatment; rather, it represents a spectrum that is determined in part by genetic factors. Both clinical and experimental evidence support the view that persistent intraperitoneal inflammation, detected as a continuously high or increasing PSTR, may predispose the membrane to progressive fibrosis.
Topics: Biological Transport; Dialysis Solutions; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneum; Young Adult
PubMed: 25176170
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.06.030 -
Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi =... Jul 2020Membrane anatomy is the anatomy of mesentery in broad sense and its beds, which was merged from clinical results of surgical practice, optic observation and traditional...
Membrane anatomy is the anatomy of mesentery in broad sense and its beds, which was merged from clinical results of surgical practice, optic observation and traditional theories contradiction or omission. Membrane anatomy is not only a plane, but also a body or bloc which is surrounded by fascia and serous membrane. It is not only fascia, but also a channel or pathway, in which the life event occurred. It is not only mesentery anatomy, but included mesentery beds, on which the mesentery was lied, even buried in. Following the new version of this anatomy map, surgical hazard during operation and postoperative oncological recurrence will be decreased simultaneously. And, following the definition of the mesentery in broad sense, new mesenteries will be discovered under macro surgery, which will optimize surgical operation and get better surgical and oncological results.
Topics: Fascia; Humans; Mesentery; Peritoneum
PubMed: 32683821
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200507-00260