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Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2021Orthokeratology has been widely used to control myopia, but the mechanism is still unknown. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of corneal reshaping using...
Orthokeratology has been widely used to control myopia, but the mechanism is still unknown. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of corneal reshaping using orthokeratology lenses the finite element method, numerical models with different corneal curvatures, corneal thicknesses, and myopia reduction degrees had been developed and validated to simulate the corneal response and quantify the changes in maximum stress in the central and peripheral corneal areas during orthokeratology. The influence of the factors on corneal response had been analyzed by using median quantile regression. A partial eta squared value in analysis of variance models was established to compare the effect size of these factors. The results showed central and peripheral corneal stress responses changed significantly with increased myopia reduction, corneal curvature, and corneal thickness. The target myopia reduction had the greatest effect on the central corneal stress value (partial eta square = 0.9382), followed by corneal curvature (partial eta square = 0.5650) and corneal thickness (partial eta square = 0.1975). The corneal curvature had the greatest effect on the peripheral corneal stress value (partial eta square = 0.5220), followed by myopia reduction (partial eta square = 0.2375) and corneal thickness (partial eta square = 0.1972). In summary, the biomechanical response of the cornea varies significantly with the change in corneal conditions and lens designs. Therefore, the orthokeratology lens design and the lens fitting process should be taken into consideration in clinical practice, especially for patients with high myopia and steep corneas.
PubMed: 34708026
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.743745 -
Current Opinion in Urology Sep 2014Provider volume has been shown to affect outcomes of various surgical procedures. Because of its technical complexity, it is likely that partial nephrectomy outcomes can... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Provider volume has been shown to affect outcomes of various surgical procedures. Because of its technical complexity, it is likely that partial nephrectomy outcomes can be affected by hospital and/or surgeon volume. However, until recently, there were few publications on the subject. Our objective is to discuss recent findings on the impact of surgical volume on partial nephrectomy outcomes.
RECENT FINDINGS
Two studies found a link between the number of partial nephrectomy performed at an institution and postoperative outcomes. Data extrapolated from articles on learning curve of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy suggest that surgeon volume can also affect partial nephrectomy outcomes. Partial nephrectomy is underused in low-volume centers. Robotic partial nephrectomy has a shorter learning curve compared to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and may increase the use of partial nephrectomy vs. radical nephrectomy. Results on the impact of provider volume on the surgical approach are conflicting.
SUMMARY
There are few publications suggesting an impact of hospital volume on partial nephrectomy outcomes but the importance of the surgeon volume remains unclear. Higher surgical volume is associated with increased use of partial nephrectomy.
Topics: Hospitals, High-Volume; Hospitals, Low-Volume; Humans; Incidence; Kidney Neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Learning Curve; Nephrectomy; Nephrons; Organ Sparing Treatments; Postoperative Complications; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24887048
DOI: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000083 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2024Partial laminate veneers, defined as small ceramic restorations adhesively luted onto unprepared anterior teeth, are an interesting and conservative alternative to... (Review)
Review
STUDY SELECTION
Partial laminate veneers, defined as small ceramic restorations adhesively luted onto unprepared anterior teeth, are an interesting and conservative alternative to conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers in the anterior region. This literature review aimed to summarize the available laboratory and clinical data on ceramic partial laminate veneers. An electronic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The keywords used were "partial veneer," "partial laminate veneer," "ceramic fragment," and "sectional veneer." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the QUIN tool.
RESULTS
Of the 266 identified articles, only 16 met the inclusion criteria (ten clinical reports, five laboratory studies, and one retrospective clinical study). To date, no randomized controlled clinical trials have been conducted. Most laboratory studies displayed a low risk of bias, with partial laminate veneers rendering adequate strength and color stability. Clinical reports have shown large variability in material selection, luting, and finishing/polishing protocols.
CONCLUSIONS
Low-quality evidence is available for ceramic partial laminate veneers. Available data from laboratory studies suggest good mechanical and optical performances comparable to those of conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers. Further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.
Topics: Dental Porcelain; Retrospective Studies; Dental Veneers; Ceramics; Composite Resins; Resin Cements
PubMed: 37648480
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_23_00090 -
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) Feb 2016Focal epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy in adulthood. This article discusses the seizure symptomatology, EEG findings, and imaging findings of the various... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Focal epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy in adulthood. This article discusses the seizure symptomatology, EEG findings, and imaging findings of the various forms of focal epilepsy. The majority of the article focuses on temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy as these represent the majority of focal epilepsies.
RECENT FINDINGS
While significant overlap exists in the clinical symptomatology of the focal epilepsies, detailed seizure descriptions can often provide useful clinical evidence to help establish an accurate diagnosis. EEG and MRI continue to serve as the main diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of focal epilepsy.
SUMMARY
The various forms of focal epilepsy generate seizure presentations that are dependent on the anatomic structures that are involved in the seizure. By understanding the symptoms typically generated in each region of the brain, a better understanding of the possible seizure localizations can be made. Most forms of epilepsy have clear changes on EEG that permit accurate localization, but several pitfalls exist, which are discussed in this article. Imaging has revolutionized our ability to accurately identify lesions associated with epilepsy and increased our ability to localize seizures in the brain.
Topics: Adult; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Female; Humans; Male
PubMed: 26844732
DOI: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000290 -
Cureus Oct 2022Partial molar pregnancy results from fertilization of a haploid ovum by two sperms or duplication of one sperm, resulting in a triploid karyotype. The coexistence of...
Partial molar pregnancy results from fertilization of a haploid ovum by two sperms or duplication of one sperm, resulting in a triploid karyotype. The coexistence of partial mole with normal fetus karyotype is rare and occurs in 0.005-0.01% of all pregnancies. It is considered a challenging diagnosis. Here, we report a case of a 38-year-old primigravida diagnosed indecently at 16 weeks of gestation. She was on regular antenatal care and had partial molar pregnancy with a female fetus with diploid karyotype and no apparent malformation. This pregnancy ended with intrauterine fetal death. Histological examination of the placenta showed partial hydatidiform mole changes.
PubMed: 36465796
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30934 -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Jul 2017
Topics: Autoantibodies; Complement C3 Nephritic Factor; Complement Pathway, Alternative; Disease Susceptibility; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Humans; Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial
PubMed: 28322851
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.02.018 -
Archivos Espanoles de Urologia Apr 2019Robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is a minimally invasive option for patients with small renal masses undergoing partial nephrectomy. In this review we provide...
OBJECTIVE
Robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is a minimally invasive option for patients with small renal masses undergoing partial nephrectomy. In this review we provide an update on the oncological safety and renal functional outcomes following RAPN. We also discuss the novel techniques and technological advances that have contributed to the outcomes of RAPN. METHODS: A Medline search using the keywords "partial nephrectomy", "robotic partial nephrectomy", "robot assisted partial nephrectomy", "robot assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy" and "laparoscopic partial nephrectomy" was conducted to identify original articles, review articles, and editorials on RAPN.
RESULTS
A review of the literature suggests that RAPNis emerging as the preferred approach to minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery. RAPN is superior to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) in terms of perioperative outcomes with equivalent mid-term oncological outcomes. RAPN has proven safety and efficacy even in complex renal tumors with equivalent oncological and functional outcomes. Novel techniques and advances in technology have contributed to the safety and efficacy of RAPN. CONCLUSION: RAPN can be considered to be the gold standard approach to minimally invasive nephronsparing surgery with equivalent oncological and renal functional outcomes and superior perioperative outcomes when compared to OPN. Newer techniques and developments in robotic technology have contributed to improved outcomes following RAPN.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Nephrectomy; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Robotics; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30945655
DOI: No ID Found -
Translational Andrology and Urology Dec 2020Partial nephrectomy is recommended for surgical management of small renal masses (SRM), or lesions ≤7 cm. The decision for surgical intervention involves a balanced... (Review)
Review
Partial nephrectomy is recommended for surgical management of small renal masses (SRM), or lesions ≤7 cm. The decision for surgical intervention involves a balanced patient assessment. Minimally invasive approach, which includes laparoscopic and robotic techniques, has shown to have improved blood loss, length of hospitalization, and post-operative pain while maintaining oncologic efficacy when compared to an open approach. Transperitoneal approach is preferred at most centers; however, retroperitoneoscopic minimally invasive surgery (MIS) partial nephrectomy expertise is essential for comprehensive kidney cancer care. With advances in surgical technology and deep penetration of robotics into surgical training and practice, robotic partial nephrectomy has become the modality of choice in modern clinical practice. This review discusses the indications and outcomes for various minimally invasive approaches of partial nephrectomy.
PubMed: 33457286
DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.12.24 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2017The standard of care treatment for solitary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumors 4 cm or less is partial nephrectomy (PNx). However, multifocal kidney cancer presents... (Review)
Review
The standard of care treatment for solitary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumors 4 cm or less is partial nephrectomy (PNx). However, multifocal kidney cancer presents unique challenges for treating physicians. Historically, total nephrectomy and hemodialysis with possible renal transplant later was the primary therapeutic strategy for these patients. Later, as nephron sparing surgical approaches improved, PNx became the standard of care for patients presenting with multifocal and hereditary RCC. Surgeries to remove multiple renal tumors simultaneously produce different perioperative outcomes and increased risk of complications. Due to these differences in technique and outcomes, the term multiplex partial nephrectomy (MxPNx) has been coined to designate these differences. Here, we discuss the role that MxPNx continues to play in multifocal RCC.
PubMed: 29104862
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00244 -
JSES International Jul 2021The irreparability of rotator cuff repair is generally determined during surgery. We have been performing partial repairs for rotator cuff tears that are deemed...
BACKGROUND
The irreparability of rotator cuff repair is generally determined during surgery. We have been performing partial repairs for rotator cuff tears that are deemed irreparable with primary repair. The aim of this study is to report, for the first time, the long-term postoperative outcome of our partial repair method and to clarify the criteria for the irreparability of primary repair.
METHODS
The UCLA score, radiographic findings, and magnetic resonance imaging findings of 156 shoulders that underwent rotator cuff repair (primary repair, 126 shoulders; partial repair, 30 shoulders) were retrospectively evaluated at preoperative and >10-year postoperative follow-up (mean evaluation time, 11.5 ± 1.0 years). Osteoarthritic (OA) changes were evaluated by radiographic findings, and the cuff integrity (Sugaya classification) and fatty infiltration (Goutallier classification) were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging findings. These evaluations were compared between a primary repair group and partial repair group.
RESULTS
Although no significant difference was observed between preoperative and postoperative findings for the UCLA score, the strength of forward flexion was significantly lower at 10 years postoperatively in the partial repair group. Preoperative image evaluation showed no significant difference in OA changes between the 2 groups; however, fatty infiltration showed significantly greater progression in the partial repair group than the primary repair group. At >10-year postoperative follow-up, the OA changes, cuff integrity, and fatty infiltration showed significantly greater progression in the partial repair group compared to the primary repair group. Although the long-term outcome of the partial repair group was inferior to that of the primary repair group in imaging evaluations, good functional outcome of the shoulder joint was maintained.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggested that partial repair could be an effective treatment option for irreparable rotator cuff tear. In terms of the feasibility of primary repair, the cutoff value for preoperative fatty infiltration was stage 2; thus, we believe that primary repair should be performed for cases with stage 2 fatty infiltration or lower, and partial repair should be performed for cases with stage 3 fatty infiltration or higher. However, manual workers and athletes with stage 3 fatty infiltration or higher should be advised in advance that mild muscle weakness may remain after surgery.
PubMed: 34223409
DOI: 10.1016/j.jseint.2021.02.010