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International Journal of Pharmaceutical... 2023Pharmaceutical foams are gaining in popularity. The use of foam technology now delivers a range of topical active agents, including corticosteroids, other...
Pharmaceutical foams are gaining in popularity. The use of foam technology now delivers a range of topical active agents, including corticosteroids, other anti-inflammatories, sunscreen compounds, and antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents. In addition to the distinct application advantages and improved patient compliance with foams, a real reason for the rapid growth of topical foam technology is that foams are elegant and aesthetically and cosmetically appealing products that provide an alternative to ointments, creams, lotions, and gels in the highly competitive dermatological market. In addition to all this, foams can be easily compounded for patients to take advantage of the uniqueness and applicability of this dosage form in medication administration. As an example, for the treatment of inflamed skin conditions such as sunburn and eczema, topical foams are preferred because they can be spread more easily and thereby minimize the amount of rubbing required to distribute the formulations. Another innovative use of forms is in administering a liquid medication to a bedridden patient. When a liquid is placed in a spoon or measuring device, it may spill. However, if the foam is placed in the spoon, it can be delivered to the patient without spilling. Properly formulated, this foam can be spill resistant, reproducible, easily flavored and taste masked, and pediatric and geriatric friendly.
Topics: Humans; Child; Aged; Drug Compounding; Emollients; Ointments; Skin Diseases; Gels
PubMed: 37816182
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinics in Dermatology 2018Skin maladies affect populations worldwide and can have a vast range of clinical manifestations, signs, and complications, including infection, pain, or even stigma for... (Review)
Review
Skin maladies affect populations worldwide and can have a vast range of clinical manifestations, signs, and complications, including infection, pain, or even stigma for sufferers due to their visibility. Both modern health infrastructure and indigenous systems offer solutions for patients. This contribution provides an overview of the dermatologic uses for Thanatka, a plant that is used topically in Myanmar to treat a myriad of skin diseases. Indigenous to Myanmar, the trees used to produce Thanatka are also present in India, Sri Lanka, Java, and Pakistan.
Topics: Cosmetics; Ethnobotany; Humans; Medicine, Traditional; Myanmar; Ointments; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Preparations; Rutaceae; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 29908574
DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.03.006 -
Immunotherapy Sep 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD, also called atopic eczema) is a skin disease that that can affect a person for a long time and causes red or flaky skin that can be itchy and... (Review)
Review
WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT?
Atopic dermatitis (AD, also called atopic eczema) is a skin disease that that can affect a person for a long time and causes red or flaky skin that can be itchy and uncomfortable. Healthcare providers can prescribe medicated creams and ointments to reduce the visible signs and symptoms of AD, but these treatments are not always enough to keep it under control. A new medicine called abrocitinib is taken every day as a tablet. Abrocitinib works by slowing a part of the body's defense mechanism, called immune response, that is not functioning properly in AD. The clinical study described in this plain language summary, called JADE DARE, investigated how well and how safely 26 weeks of treatment with abrocitinib worked in adults with AD compared to an injected medicine, called dupilumab, that is also approved for AD.
WHAT WERE THE RESULTS?
The study showed that abrocitinib was more effective than dupilumab in providing itch relief after 2 weeks. In addition, people who were taking abrocitinib for 4 and 16 weeks experienced greater improvement in the visible skin signs of AD than people who were taking dupilumab. The number of people who had health complaints while taking abrocitinib was similar to the number of people who had health complaints while taking dupilumab. Most of these complaints were minor.
WHAT DO THE RESULTS MEAN?
Abrocitinib was more effective than dupilumab in quickly improving the signs and symptoms of moderate or severe AD in people who did not show improvement with prescribed medications like creams or ointments. NCT04345367 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Topics: Adult; Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Ointments; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Clinical Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37254941
DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0306 -
Pharmaceutical Research Oct 2018Ophthalmic ointments are unique in that they combine features of topical drug delivery, the ophthalmic route and ointment (semisolid) formulations. Accordingly, these... (Review)
Review
Ophthalmic ointments are unique in that they combine features of topical drug delivery, the ophthalmic route and ointment (semisolid) formulations. Accordingly, these complex formulations are challenging to develop and evaluate and therefore it is critically important to understand their physicochemical properties as well as their in vitro drug release characteristics. Previous reports on the characterization of ophthalmic ointments are very limited. Although there are FDA guidance documents and USP monographs covering some aspects of semisolid formulations, there are no FDA guidance documents nor any USP monographs for ophthalmic ointments. This review summarizes the physicochemical and in vitro profiling methods that have been previously reported for ophthalmic ointments. Specifically, insight is provided into physicochemical characterization (rheological parameters, drug content and content uniformity, and particle size of the API in the finished ointments) as well as important considerations (membranes, release media, method comparison, release kinetics and discriminatory ability) in in vitro release testing (IVRT) method development for ophthalmic ointments. Graphical Abstract Summary of the physicochemcial profiling and in vitro drug release testing (IVRT) for ophthalmic ointments.
Topics: Administration, Ophthalmic; Administration, Topical; Animals; Drug Compounding; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Humans; Ointments; Particle Size; Petrolatum; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Rheology
PubMed: 30324424
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2513-3 -
Therapeutic Delivery Dec 2014Various strategies for ocular drug delivery are considered; from basic formulation techniques for improving availability of drugs; viscosity enhancers and mucoadhesives... (Review)
Review
Various strategies for ocular drug delivery are considered; from basic formulation techniques for improving availability of drugs; viscosity enhancers and mucoadhesives aid drug retention and penetration enhancers promote drug transport into the eye. The use of drug-loaded contact lenses and ocular inserts allows drugs to be better placed where they are needed for more direct delivery. Developments in ocular implants gives a means to overcome the physical barriers that traditionally prevented effective treatment. Implant technologies are under development allowing long-term drug delivery from a single procedure, these devices allow posterior chamber diseases to be effectively treated. Future developments could bring artificial corneas to eliminate the need for donor tissue and one-off implantable drug depots lasting the patient's lifetime.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Biological Availability; Contact Lenses; Drug Delivery Systems; Eye Diseases; Humans; Intravitreal Injections; Nanoparticles; Ointments; Ophthalmic Solutions; Solubility; Tissue Adhesives; Viscosity
PubMed: 25531930
DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.75 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2020The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and its viscosity on the pasting and paste properties of waxy rice...
The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and its viscosity on the pasting and paste properties of waxy rice starch (WRS). HPMC with different viscosities (low, BN50; medium, BN40M; high, BN40H) but similar substituted group contents was used. Although the total solid contents of WRS-HPMC mixtures varied depending on measured attributes, the mixing ratio of WRS to HPMC was 19:1 (w/w). WRS-HPMC mixtures exhibited lower swelling factors than WRS alone, and these decreased with HPMC viscosities. Relative to WRS, gelatinization onset and peak temperatures were shifted to higher temperatures in WRS-HPMC mixtures, and gelatinization enthalpies were lowered. Delayed pasting temperatures, lower peak and breakdown viscosities, and higher trough viscosities were observed in WRS-HPMC mixtures. Although final viscosities increased with HPMC viscosities, WRS-BN40H exceeded WRS, whereas the reversed pattern was found in WRS-BN40M and WRS-BN50. Thermal gelation of HPMC occurred in WRS-HPMC mixtures. With increasing HPMC viscosities, G', G", and tan δ of their pastes increased, and their syneresis decreased. Overall, these results may arise from restricting the availability of water to WRS granules and suppressing their swelling due to the greater water holding capacity and thermal gelation tendency of HPMC.
Topics: Hypromellose Derivatives; Ointments; Oryza; Starch; Temperature; Viscosity
PubMed: 31765750
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.250 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Jun 2022Pityriasis alba is a common skin condition that may be challenging to treat, especially in patients with darker skin type where the hypopigmentation may be more...
BACKGROUND
Pityriasis alba is a common skin condition that may be challenging to treat, especially in patients with darker skin type where the hypopigmentation may be more noticeable and represents a major cosmetic concern.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of three cost-effective treatments of PA in comparison with placebo.
PATIENTS/METHODS
This prospective study was conducted on 80 patients complaining from PA and divided into 4 equal groups according the received topical treatment on the target lesions twice daily for 8 weeks (Calcipotriol 0.005% cream, Tacrolimus 0.03% ointment, topical corticosteroid; Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% cream and Petrolatum as Placebo). Clinical evaluation, Physician Global Assessment, Patient's satisfaction levels as well as point counting planimetry were done for evaluation of the response.
RESULTS
Significant improvement of scaling and erythema within 3 weeks after initiation of therapy and hypopigmentation by the 8th week, except for those received placebo. Tarolimus 0.03% ointment showed simple superiority over both Calcipotriol 0.005% cream and topical corticosteroid as regards repigmenation, although, the later received the highest level of patient satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The three treatments were superior to placebo with relative superiority to Tacrolimus 0.03% due to limited side effects.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Dermatologic Agents; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Ointments; Pityriasis Rosea; Prospective Studies; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34289784
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1959014 -
Liver Transplantation : Official... Dec 2020
Topics: Bile; Humans; Liver Diseases; Liver Transplantation; Microbiota; Ointments
PubMed: 33010103
DOI: 10.1002/lt.25908 -
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy Apr 2022Actinic keratoses (AKs) are cutaneous lesions that arise in sun-damaged skin. AKs may transform into squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Tirbanibulin 1% ointment is a new... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Actinic keratoses (AKs) are cutaneous lesions that arise in sun-damaged skin. AKs may transform into squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Tirbanibulin 1% ointment is a new topical treatment for AKs, recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
DATA SOURCES
The PubMed database was searched for articles published from 1960 to March 31, 2021, using the keywords and .
DATA EXTRACTION
Phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials were reviewed.
DATA SYNTHESIS
In phase 2 clinical trials, 43% of patients treated with tirbanibulin experienced complete clearance by day 57 (43% [95% CI = 32, 54]). Across two phase 3 clinical trials (pooled data), complete (100%) clearance occurred in 49% of patients in tirbanibulin groups and in only 9% of the vehicle groups (difference, 41% points; 95% CI = 35 to 47; < 0.001). Although no comparative studies are available, tirbanibulin is applied for a shorter duration (5 days) compared with diclofenac 3% gel, fluorouracil 5% cream, and imiquimod 3.75% cream. Adverse events were mild and included pruritus, application site pain, and local skin reactions. Systemic adverse events such as necrosis and angioedema, observed with other AK treatments such as fluorouracil and imiquimod, were not observed with tirbanibulin, thus giving tirbanibulin a favorable safety profile.
RELEVANCE TO PATIENT CARE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
Tirbanibulin effectively reduces AK burden and recurrence and has a favorable safety profile with mild adverse events. In comparison, imiquimod, 5-flourouracil, and diclofenac can result in necrosis, angioedema, and arthralgias.
CONCLUSION
With a favorable safety profile and short regimen, tirbanibulin is an efficacious treatment for clinicians to utilize in their treatment toolbox when treating AKs on the face and scalp.
Topics: Acetamides; Humans; Keratosis, Actinic; Morpholines; Ointments; Pyridines; Treatment Outcome; United States
PubMed: 34301153
DOI: 10.1177/10600280211031329 -
Cutis Oct 2021Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) is a plant that historically has been used in medicine for its antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic...
Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) is a plant that historically has been used in medicine for its antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. In dermatology, bloodroot has been utilized for its cytotoxic effects; it has been marketed as black salve as an anticancer treatment, but it does not come without notable toxicities. Unwanted cosmetic outcomes and even irreversible scarring and premalignant conditions have been reported. This article aims to bring awareness to both the therapeutic potential of S canadensis as well as the potential toxicities and risks associated with this North American plant.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Ointments; Plant Extracts; Sanguinaria
PubMed: 34847001
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0345