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Pediatric Obesity Mar 2020Pediatric obesity impacts on multiple domains of psychological health, including self-esteem and body image. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Pediatric obesity impacts on multiple domains of psychological health, including self-esteem and body image.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of multicomponent pediatric obesity treatment interventions on self-esteem and body image.
METHODS
A systematic search of published literature up to June 2019 was undertaken using electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO. Eligible studies implemented an obesity treatment intervention, including a dietary and physical activity component with/without a behavioral component, in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, and assessed self-esteem and/or body image. Data were extracted by one reviewer and cross-checked. Meta-analysis was used to combine outcome data and moderator analysis conducted to identify intervention characteristics influencing outcomes.
RESULTS
64 studies were identified. Meta-analysis of 49 studies (n = 10471) indicated that pediatric obesity treatment results in increased self-esteem postintervention (standardized mean difference, [SE] 0.34 [0.03], P < .001, I 87%), maintained at follow-up (0.35 [0.05] P < .001, I 79%, 17 studies). Similarly, meta-analysis of 40 studies (n = 2729) indicated improvements in body image postintervention (0.40 [0.03], P < .001, I 73%), maintained at follow-up (0.41 [0.08], P < .001, I 89%, 16 studies).
CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric obesity treatment improves self-esteem and body image in the short and medium term. These findings may underpin improvements in other psychological outcomes.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Image; Child; Diet; Exercise; Humans; Pediatric Obesity; Self Concept; Weight Loss
PubMed: 32020780
DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12600 -
The American Psychologist 2020A growing body of research supports the potential importance of behavioral and social routines for children's health promotion and obesity risk reduction. Evidence in... (Review)
Review
A growing body of research supports the potential importance of behavioral and social routines for children's health promotion and obesity risk reduction. Evidence in support of this comes from multiple lines of research, which suggest that specific behavioral routines, namely, eating and sleep routines, may be protective against excessive weight gain and development of pediatric obesity. Emerging work also supports the potential importance of the timing of these behavioral routines. From a circadian perspective, alignment of behavioral and social routines with underlying circadian rhythms may be particularly important for enhancing children's weight regulation. Specifically, engaging in appropriately timed behavioral routines may serve to entrain circadian rhythms that affect metabolism and weight regulation. Thus, in addition to promoting healthier eating, activity, and sleep behaviors for prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity, it may also be important to consider promotion of consistency in, and optimal timing of, these behaviors in an effort to enhance extant prevention and treatment approaches. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Child; Child Behavior; Circadian Rhythm; Diet; Humans; Pediatric Obesity; Sleep; Social Behavior
PubMed: 32052991
DOI: 10.1037/amp0000599 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Oct 2016The ongoing childhood obesity pandemic is a comprehensive health challenge in the 21st century with major implications for mental and physical health and disease with an... (Review)
Review
The ongoing childhood obesity pandemic is a comprehensive health challenge in the 21st century with major implications for mental and physical health and disease with an increased morbidity and mortality resulting in a shortening of expected life span. Obesity should be understood as a chronic disease regulated by a complex neuroendocrine system aiming at fat mass preservation. Multidisciplinary chronic care treatment based on current guidelines, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and best-practice standards across health sectors are recommended to alleviate and counteract childhood obesity.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Weight; Child; Gastric Bypass; Humans; Patient Care Team; Pediatric Obesity
PubMed: 27808047
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Opinion in Endocrinology,... Feb 2016The purpose of this short review is to summarize recent developments in the understanding of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), focusing on novel... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this short review is to summarize recent developments in the understanding of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), focusing on novel findings in pathogenetic mechanisms and the therapeutic armamentarium.
RECENT FINDINGS
As a result of the increasing prevalence of pediatric obesity, NAFLD has rapidly become the most common cause of chronic hepatopathies in children. Lifestyle modification and diet remain the mainstay of treatment of pediatric obesity and NAFLD, but with disappointing results because of the difficulty in obtaining sustained long-term results. Considering the risk of progression of liver damage to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, in the last decades scientific research in this field has been directed to the identification of pathogenetic mechanisms and possible therapeutic strategies for NAFLD.
SUMMARY
We describe the therapeutic options for the management of pediatric NAFLD, focusing on emerging alternative strategies, including surgical approaches and new drugs directed against novel potential molecular targets.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Pediatric Obesity
PubMed: 26702852
DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000221 -
PloS One 2023The roles of minerals in obesity received increasing attention recently due to its oxidant or antioxidant functions and effects on insulin and glucose metabolism that...
BACKGROUND
The roles of minerals in obesity received increasing attention recently due to its oxidant or antioxidant functions and effects on insulin and glucose metabolism that may be associated with obesity. Herein, this study aims to explore the association between minerals and obesity and body mass index (BMI) in children with different ages, and hope to provide some references for prevention and management in children with high-risk of obesity.
METHODS
Data of children aged 2-17 years old were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2007-2014 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression and liner regression analyses were used to screen covariates, and explore the association between minerals [including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and selenium (Se)] and childhood obesity and BMI. The evaluation indexes were β, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). These relationships were also investigated in age subgroups.
RESULTS
Among 10,450 eligible children, 1,988 (19.02%) had obesity. After adjusting for covariates, we found the highest quartile of dietary Fe [OR = 0.74, 95%CI: (0.58, 0.95)] and Zn [OR = 0.70, 95%CI: (0.54, 0.92)] intakes were associated with low odds of childhood obesity, while that of dietary Na intake seemed to be positively linked to childhood obesity [OR = 1.35, 95%CI: (1.05, 1.74)]. High dietary intakes of Ca, Na and K were positively associated with children's BMI, on the contrary, dietary Fe and Zn consumptions had a negative one (all P<0.05). Additionally, these associations were also found in children with different age (all P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Dietary Fe and Zn intakes played positive roles in reducing childhood obesity or BMI, while the intakes of Na should be controlled suitably.
Topics: Humans; Child; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nutrition Surveys; Pediatric Obesity; Minerals; Nutritional Status; Zinc; Selenium; Sodium; Calcium, Dietary
PubMed: 38150411
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295765 -
JAAPA : Official Journal of the... Dec 2020Primary care providers can help prevent and address child overweight and obesity, conditions that can affect children's present and future health as well as their...
Primary care providers can help prevent and address child overweight and obesity, conditions that can affect children's present and future health as well as their psychologic, emotional, and social well-being. This article describes approaches to preventing, identifying, and addressing overweight and obesity using empathetic, practical, family-focused recommendations and actions.
Topics: Advertising; Child; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Child, Preschool; Counseling; Family; Food Industry; Health Personnel; Humans; Intersectoral Collaboration; Patient Education as Topic; Pediatric Obesity; Pediatrics; Primary Health Care
PubMed: 33234896
DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000721676.28303.7c -
Current Diabetes Reports Oct 2015While eating disorders and obesity have traditionally been conceptualized as separate conditions, recent research suggests important overlap in several areas including... (Review)
Review
While eating disorders and obesity have traditionally been conceptualized as separate conditions, recent research suggests important overlap in several areas including etiology, comorbidity, risk factors, and prevention approaches. Examining the commonality among these conditions is particularly important as adolescents who present with both eating disorder symptomology and obesity demonstrate poorer outcomes within weight control treatments and are at greater risk for future development of full threshold eating disorders and additional weight gain. The purpose of this paper is to review the research examining the overlap in prevalence rates for eating disorders and obesity in adolescents, as well as shared etiology, risk factors, and psychiatric and medical comorbidities. Current preventive and treatment approaches also will be discussed, while highlighting the need for more integrated assessment, prevention, and treatment efforts that focus on maladaptive eating and activity patterns shared by both eating disorders and obesity.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Pediatric Obesity; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26303593
DOI: 10.1007/s11892-015-0645-y -
Current Obesity Reports Dec 2021The study aims to highlight the clinical importance of assessing and managing neuromusculoskeletal health in pediatric obesity and to support translation of evidence... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The study aims to highlight the clinical importance of assessing and managing neuromusculoskeletal health in pediatric obesity and to support translation of evidence into practice.
RECENT FINDINGS
A growing evidence base suggests that children with obesity experience neuromusculoskeletal impairments and physical complications including increased pain, reduced muscle strength, impaired balance and motor skill, gait deviations, postural malalignment, greater fatigue, and potentially reduced flexibility and sub-optimal bone health. Such evidence supports the need to screen, assess, and optimize neuromusculoskeletal health as part of pediatric obesity management. The likelihood of children with obesity experiencing neuromusculoskeletal impairments is high and can impact the way a child moves, and their interest or capacity to engage in physical activity and exercise. Barriers to movement should be minimized to promote optimal development of the neuromusculoskeletal system and to support engagement in sufficient physical activity for weight management. Healthcare professionals should screen for neuromusculoskeletal impairments as well as personalize interventions and modify standardized exercise interventions to optimize obesity treatment. Further research should explore whether neuromusculoskeletal impairments influence the success of obesity treatment or whether they improve following obesity treatment.
Topics: Child; Exercise; Humans; Pediatric Obesity
PubMed: 34958437
DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00463-9 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood.... Jun 2022Obesity is common among children and young people, with potential for significant clinical consequences. The physical and psychological comorbidities associated with...
Obesity is common among children and young people, with potential for significant clinical consequences. The physical and psychological comorbidities associated with childhood obesity persist into adult life, but many children do not have access to tailored obesity services. We present a framework for the identification, assessment and management of childhood obesity by the non-specialist. We also offer strategies to initiate discussions about weight and to communicate effectively with patients living with obesity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Comorbidity; Family; Humans; Pediatric Obesity; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 33832962
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-321029 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022
Topics: Child; Humans; Pediatric Obesity; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36093116
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000597