-
Praxis Feb 2020Recurrent Urogynecological Infections Changes in the urogenital microbiome of the bladder, urethra, vagina and cervix can cause recurrent infections. We distinguish... (Review)
Review
Recurrent Urogynecological Infections Changes in the urogenital microbiome of the bladder, urethra, vagina and cervix can cause recurrent infections. We distinguish between obligate and facultative pathogens. In the case of facultative pathogens, treatment with antibiotic, antiviral or antifungal drugs should only be considered in cases with attributable symptoms. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) manifest either urogenitally alone or in association with an ascending infection of the adnexa as a pelvic inflammatory disease. STD may be asymptomatic, as in cases of chlamydia, or may cause a high burden of symptoms, impairment of quality of life or infertility. The aim of this minireview is to give an overview of the pathogenicity of the different germs and their treatment.
Topics: Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Quality of Life; Recurrence; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 32019451
DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003368 -
Annals of Emergency Medicine Jul 2017
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; Chlamydia Infections; Emergency Medicine; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Mass Screening; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; United States
PubMed: 28645411
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.05.019 -
American Family Physician Aug 2023Acute pelvic pain is defined as noncyclic, intense pain localized to the lower abdomen and/or pelvis, with a duration of less than three months. Signs and symptoms are...
Acute pelvic pain is defined as noncyclic, intense pain localized to the lower abdomen and/or pelvis, with a duration of less than three months. Signs and symptoms are often nonspecific. The differential diagnosis is broad, based on the patient's age and pregnancy status and gynecologic vs. nongynecologic etiology. Nongynecologic etiologies include gastrointestinal, urinary, and musculoskeletal conditions. Urgent gynecologic conditions include ectopic pregnancy, ruptured ovarian cyst, adnexal torsion, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Approximately 40% of ectopic pregnancies are misdiagnosed at the presenting visit. Urgent nongynecologic conditions include appendicitis and pyelonephritis. Less urgent etiologies include sexually transmitted infections, pelvic floor myofascial pain, dysmenorrhea, and muscle strain. Approximately 15% of untreated chlamydia infections lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. History and physical examination findings guide laboratory testing. Questions should focus on the type, onset, location, and radiation of pain; timing and duration of symptoms; aggravating and relieving factors; and associated symptoms. Performing a urine pregnancy test or beta human chorionic gonadotropin test is an important first step for sexually active, premenopausal patients. Imaging options should be considered, with transvaginal ultrasonography first, followed by computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging can be useful if ultrasonography and computed tomography are nondiagnostic.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pelvic Pain; Acute Pain; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Dysmenorrhea; Pregnancy, Ectopic
PubMed: 37590858
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Gastroenterology and... Oct 2020
Topics: Female; Gonorrhea; Hepatitis; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritonitis
PubMed: 31408704
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.08.008 -
Korean Journal of Radiology Apr 2021The perihepatic space is frequently involved in a spectrum of diseases, including intrahepatic lesions extending to the liver capsule and disease conditions involving... (Review)
Review
The perihepatic space is frequently involved in a spectrum of diseases, including intrahepatic lesions extending to the liver capsule and disease conditions involving adjacent organs extending to the perihepatic space or spreading thanks to the communication from intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal sites through the hepatic ligaments. Lesions resulting from the dissemination of peritoneal processes may also affect the perihepatic space. Here we discuss how to assess the perihepatic origin of a lesion and describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of normal structures and fluids that may be abnormally located in the perihepatic space. We then review and illustrate the MRI findings present in cases of perihepatic infectious, tumor-related, and miscellaneous conditions. Finally, we highlight the value of MRI over computed tomography.
Topics: Abscess; Endometriosis; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Liver; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33236541
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0774 -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Jul 2020
Topics: Female; Gonorrhea; Hepatitis; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritonitis
PubMed: 32598463
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Reproductive Immunology Mar 2023Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease, and inflammation is considered a core pathology. Inflammation related to genital tract infection (GTI) and surgical injury may...
Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease, and inflammation is considered a core pathology. Inflammation related to genital tract infection (GTI) and surgical injury may cause endometriosis. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of endometriosis in women with a recent history of GTI, pelvic surgery, or both. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, 20- to 49-year-old women diagnosed with GTI or who underwent pelvic surgeries between 2002 and 2008 were collected and followed up for five years. After excluding women who had already been diagnosed with endometriosis or diseases that may affect endometriosis, a total of 30,336 women were diagnosed with GTI (Study 1), 2894 women who underwent pelvic surgery (Study 2), and 788 women who underwent GTI and pelvic surgery, both (Study 3) were enrolled for each study. The comparison groups in which sociodemographic factors matched for each group were collected. The incidence of endometriosis per 1000 person-year was 5.37, 5.17, and 20.81 in each case group and was significantly higher than each comparison group. A recent history of GTI increased an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 2.29 (1.99-2.63, 95% confidence interval) for the development of endometriosis. The aHRs of pelvic surgery history and the history of both GTI and pelvic surgery were 2.10 and 7.82, respectively. In conclusion, the pelvic inflammation resulting from genital infection and pelvic surgical injury may play a role in developing endometriosis. Active treatment of genital infections and careful surgical procedures to minimize tissue injury may reduce the incidence of pelvic endometriosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Endometriosis; Reproductive Tract Infections; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Inflammation
PubMed: 36841045
DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103831 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2019
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Liver; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritonitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30765452
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-229326 -
Pediatrics in Review Aug 2020
Review
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Pain, Referred; Pediatrics; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peptic Ulcer
PubMed: 32737258
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2019-0221 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Nov 2019
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Cholelithiasis; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Middle Aged; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Peritonitis
PubMed: 31774961
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1813625