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Work (Reading, Mass.) 2023In today's fast-paced world, both men and women have to be equally competent to handle their responsibilities in order to look after their family members and children....
BACKGROUND
In today's fast-paced world, both men and women have to be equally competent to handle their responsibilities in order to look after their family members and children. In this pace of competency women tend to forget to take care of their own health and face many health issues, including pelvic floor dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to analyse the prevalence rate of pelvic floor dysfunction among the working women in regards to their age and body mass index as well as their quality of life.
METHODS
One hundred sixty one post-partum working female participants from the medical fraternity were involved in this study after their consent was obtained. Pelvic floor muscle strength was assessed and their quality of life measured using King's health questionnaire.
RESULTS
There was a strong correlation between the pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and its impact on the quality of life among the females with increasing age. Significant statistical significant difference of P(<0.0001) was noted.
CONCLUSION
Pelvic floor dysfunction among females has a direct impact on their quality of life.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Pelvic Floor; Quality of Life; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 36683523
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-211125 -
Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology :... Jun 2021Pelvic floor muscle contractility (PFMC) may contribute to anal continence. The aim of this study was to assess the association between clinical and sonographic measures... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
Pelvic floor muscle contractility (PFMC) may contribute to anal continence. The aim of this study was to assess the association between clinical and sonographic measures of PFMC and anal incontinence (AI) symptoms, after controlling for anal sphincter and levator ani muscle (LAM) trauma.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study of 1383 women assessed at a tertiary center between 2013 and 2016. All patients underwent an interview, including the St Mark's incontinence score (SMIS) in those who reported AI symptoms, a clinical examination, including assessment of PFMC using the modified Oxford scale (MOS), and four-dimensional translabial ultrasound (TLUS). Sonographic measures of PFMC, i.e. cranioventral shift of the bladder neck (BN) and reduction of anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the levator hiatus, were measured offline using ultrasound volumes obtained at rest and on maximum pelvic floor contraction. The reviewer was blinded to all clinical data.
RESULTS
Of the 1383 patients assessed during the study period, seven were excluded due to missing imaging data, leaving 1376 for analysis. Mean age of the participating women was 55 years and mean body mass index was 29 kg/m . AI was reported by 221 (16.1%) women, with a mean SMIS of 11.8. Mean MOS grade was 2.3. On TLUS, mean BN cranioventral shift was 5.9 mm and mean AP diameter reduction was 8.1 mm. LAM avulsion and significant external anal sphincter (EAS) defect were diagnosed in 24.8% and 8.7% patients, respectively. On univariate analysis, sonographic measures of PFMC were not associated with AI. Lower MOS grade was associated with symptoms of AI; however, statistical significance was lost on multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION
Clinical and sonographic measures of PFMC were not significantly associated with AI symptoms after controlling for EAS and LAM trauma. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Topics: Fecal Incontinence; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Pelvic Floor; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 32959435
DOI: 10.1002/uog.23128 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Feb 2021This study reports the case of an elderly man with a large tumour of the pelvic cavity and scrotum which was once diagnosed as a prostate cyst. Imaging studies...
This study reports the case of an elderly man with a large tumour of the pelvic cavity and scrotum which was once diagnosed as a prostate cyst. Imaging studies considered the source of the tumour to be prostate, and the tumour was ultimately diagnosed by confirmed tissue expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PSAP) after surgery. This is the first report about dumbbell-shaped prostatic cystadenoma with invasive growth and even urethral damage, but there was no evidence of clear malignancy. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in such kinds of diseases.
Topics: Aged; Cystadenoma; Humans; Male; Pelvis; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 33941976
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.1169 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2020Intra-abdominal calcifications are common. Multiple pathologic processes manifest within the abdomen and pelvis in association with calcifications, which can be benign,... (Review)
Review
Intra-abdominal calcifications are common. Multiple pathologic processes manifest within the abdomen and pelvis in association with calcifications, which can be benign, premalignant, or malignant. Although calcium deposition in the abdomen can occur secondary to various mechanisms, the most common cau se is cellular injury that leads to dystrophic calcifications. The authors provide a summary of various common and uncommon calcifications in the abdomen and pelvis, primarily using location to illuminate diagnostic significance. Six broad categories of calcifications in the abdomen and pelvis are recognized: mesenteric, peritoneal, retroperitoneal, organ-based, vascular, and musculoskeletal. In addition to site, the various patterns and morphology of calcifications encountered in various conditions can be helpful for diagnosis, especially those depicted on radiographs. For example, some patterns diagnostic for various conditions include round or oval stones in the biliary or urothelial tracts, curvilinear calcifications associated with cysts or neoplasms, and sheetlike calcifications along peritoneal surfaces in the setting of chronic peritoneal dialysis or metastatic disease. Organ encrustation with calcium may be a premalignant finding (eg, porcelain gallbladder). In addition, the development of calcium after initiation of treatment can be used as an indicator of response in conditions such as tuberculosis, lymphoma, and hydatid disease. As calcifications are almost invariably detected at imaging, it is imperative for radiologists to be aware of their diagnostic implications and use the presence of calcification in an organ, mass, or other anatomic location for problem solving. RSNA, 2020.
Topics: Abdominal Cavity; Abdominal Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pelvis
PubMed: 32302263
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020190152 -
The Journal of Surgical Research Dec 2018Objective criteria to predict difficult pelvic dissection with prognostic significance are lacking. Previous studies have focused on predicting intraoperative conversion...
BACKGROUND
Objective criteria to predict difficult pelvic dissection with prognostic significance are lacking. Previous studies have focused on predicting intraoperative conversion and not evaluated factors specific to pelvic surgery. We aimed to develop an objective, prognostic, preoperative assessment to predict difficult pelvic dissections and clinical outcomes. Such a model is much needed, may facilitate objective comparisons between rectal cancer centers, or may serve as a stratification variable in clinical trials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients who underwent low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer within 10 cm of the anal verge (2009-2014) were retrospectively analyzed. Procedures were categorized into "routine" or "difficult" based on predefined criteria. All patients underwent 14 measurements on preoperative imaging. Outcomes were compared between the two groups. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to develop the prediction model, which was validated in an independent data set.
RESULTS
Of the 280 patients analyzed, 80 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics were similar except for more males having a "difficult" pelvis. "Difficult" patients were significantly more likely to have a narrower pelvis, smaller pelvic volumes, a longer pelvis, more curved sacrum, and more acute anorectal angle. Difficult cases correlated significantly with higher blood loss, hospital costs, longer operative time, and length of stay. A practical model to predict difficult pelvic dissections was created and included male gender, previous radiation, and length from promontory to pelvic floor > 130 mm. Model validation was performed in 40 patients from an independent data set.
CONCLUSIONS
An objective, validated model that predicts a difficult pelvic dissection and associated worse clinical outcome is possible.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Dissection; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Rectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 30463711
DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.05.042 -
PloS One 2017To establish the normal values of spino-pelvic alignment and to clarify the effect of age-related changes using large, community-based cohorts.
OBJECTIVES
To establish the normal values of spino-pelvic alignment and to clarify the effect of age-related changes using large, community-based cohorts.
METHODS
In this study, data from 1461 participants (466 men, 995 women) were analyzed. On lateral standing radiographs, the following parameters were measured: thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA). All values are expressed as the mean±standard deviation. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to examine correlations between variables of spino-pelvic parameters. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between age and spino-pelvic parameters. Therefore, we entered values for the body mass index (BMI), SVA, TK, and PI-LL into a multiple regression model to adjust for potential confounding factors.
RESULTS
The SVA, TK, and PT increased with age, and LL decreased with age. Regarding sex differences, the TK was statistically significantly larger in men than in women, and LL, PT, and PI were statistically significantly smaller in men than in women. Correlation coefficients between the SVA and TK, between the SVA and PI-LL, and between TK and PI-LL were none, strong, and weak, respectively. Results of multiple regression analysis between age and spino-pelvic parameters showed that the standardized partial regression coefficients for the SVA, TK, and PI-LL were 0.17, 0.30, and 0.23, respectively, in men and 0.29, 0.32, and 0.23, respectively, in women.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that all parameters were significantly associated with age in men and women. The SVA, TK, and PT increased with age, and LL decreased with age. Results of multiple regression analysis also demonstrated that the SVA, TK, and PI-LL are related to age. Indeed, the PI-LL value increased with age. In this study, a more excessive PI-LL mismatch was shown, indicating an increased risk of spinal malalignment. Differences in the absolute values of spino-pelvic parameters in each sex were small yet statistically significant. Thus, further study should be performed to corroborate this finding.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Kyphosis; Lordosis; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Postural Balance; Posture; Radiography; Sex Characteristics; Spine
PubMed: 28586366
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178697 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Apr 2017A broad pelvis is characteristic of most, if not all, pre-modern hominins. In at least some early australopithecines, most notably the female Australopithecus afarensis...
A broad pelvis is characteristic of most, if not all, pre-modern hominins. In at least some early australopithecines, most notably the female Australopithecus afarensis specimen known as "Lucy," it is very broad and coupled with very short lower limbs. In 1991, Rak suggested that Lucy's pelvic anatomy improved locomotor efficiency by increasing stride length through rotation of the wide pelvis in the axial plane. Compared to lengthening strides by increasing flexion and extension at the hips, this mechanism could avoid potentially costly excessive vertical oscillations of the body's center of mass (COM). Here, we test this hypothesis. We examined 3D kinematics of walking at various speeds in 26 adult subjects to address the following questions: Do individuals with wider pelves take longer strides, and do they use a smaller degree of hip flexion and extension? Is pelvic rotation greater in individuals with shorter legs, and those with narrower pelves? Our results support Rak's hypothesis. Subjects with wider pelves do take longer strides for a given velocity, and for a given stride length they flex and extend their hips less, suggesting a smoother pathway of the COM. Individuals with shorter legs do use more pelvic rotation when walking, but pelvic breadth was not related to pelvic rotation. These results suggest that a broad pelvis could benefit any bipedal hominin, but especially a short-legged australopithecine such as Lucy, by improving locomotor efficiency, particularly when carrying an infant or traveling in a foraging group with individuals of varying sizes. Anat Rec, 300:739-751, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topics: Biological Evolution; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Gait; Humans; Locomotion; Male; Pelvis; Walking
PubMed: 28297175
DOI: 10.1002/ar.23550 -
Medicine Nov 2022Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor primarily involving the lower genital tract of reproductive females. It often shares pathologic morphology with... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor primarily involving the lower genital tract of reproductive females. It often shares pathologic morphology with other mesenchymal lesions, which result in diagnostic difficulties for pathologists.
PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES
We described the case of a 32-year-old female presenting with a pelvic mass. Imaging examination showed a "swirling sign" within the mass. The mass was 10.2 × 10 × 7.7 cm, located in the right front of the uterus, with unclear demarcation from the surrounding organs and tissues. The gross appearance was grayish brown with a solid section and a myxedematous cut surface. Microscopically, it was a mesenchymal tumor with a presence of perivascular smooth muscle fibers radiating from the blood vessel and an infiltrative growth pattern. The pelvic AAM was diagnosed based on clinicopathologic and imaging features.
INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES
A surgery with local excision of the mass was performed. The patient experienced 1 relapse during 2-year follow-up and underwent the radiation therapy.
LESSONS
When the pathological morphology of AAM overlaps with other mesenchymal lesions, the comprehensive understanding of tumor clinicopathological characteristics combined with imaging features is important for the accurate diagnosis of AAM.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Myxoma; Pelvis
PubMed: 36401457
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031617 -
Human Movement Science Feb 2016Previous research into running has demonstrated consistent patterns in pelvic, lumbar and thoracic motions between different human runners. However, to date, there has...
Previous research into running has demonstrated consistent patterns in pelvic, lumbar and thoracic motions between different human runners. However, to date, there has been limited attempt to explain why observed coordination patterns emerge and how they may relate to centre of mass (CoM) motion. In this study, kinematic data were collected from the thorax, lumbar spine, pelvis and lower limbs during over ground running in n=28 participants. These data was subsequently used to develop a theoretical understanding of the coordination of the spine and pelvis in all three body planes during the stance phase of running. In the sagittal plane, there appeared to be an antiphase coordinate pattern which may function to increase femoral inclination at toe off whilst minimising anterior-posterior accelerations of the CoM. In the medio-lateral direction, CoM motion appears to facilitate transition to the contralateral foot. However, an antiphase coordination pattern was also observed, most likely to minimise unnecessary accelerations of the CoM. In the transverse plane, motion of the pelvis was observed to lag slightly behind that of the thorax. However, it is possible that the close coupling between these two segments facilitates the thoracic rotation required to passively drive arm motion. This is the first study to provide a full biomechanical rationale for the coordination of the spine and pelvis during human running. This insight should help clinicians develop an improved understanding of how spinal and pelvic motions may contribute to, or result from, common running injuries.
Topics: Acceleration; Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Pelvis; Posture; Psychomotor Performance; Range of Motion, Articular; Running; Spine
PubMed: 26618444
DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.11.014 -
Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi Jun 2015Cystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is still an important health problem in endemic areas. Cystic echinococcosis may involve different organs or...
Cystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is still an important health problem in endemic areas. Cystic echinococcosis may involve different organs or areas with the most common sites being the liver and the lungs. Pelvic involvement has previously been reported and was mainly accepted as secondary to cystic echinococcosis in other organs, isolated pelvic involvement is very rare. In this case report, we aimed to present the case with pelvic cystic mass that was finally diagnosed with isolated pelvic cystic echinococcosis in and after the operation, and we would like to draw attention to include "cystic echinococcosis" in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses.
Topics: Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Echinococcosis; Echinococcus granulosus; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Pelvic Infection; Pelvis
PubMed: 26081894
DOI: 10.5152/tpd.2015.3623