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PhytoKeys 2021A new species of L. from northern Peru is described, illustrated, and compared with related species. This new species belongs to the Laxicaule Group and shares...
A new species of L. from northern Peru is described, illustrated, and compared with related species. This new species belongs to the Laxicaule Group and shares morphological characteristics with D.E. Benn & Christenson but differs in the shape and length of the dorsal sepal; the shape of the petals and the lip, ribs position of the lip, shape of the vesicle formed between the ovary and the column as well as the section of the stem.
PubMed: 34776732
DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.184.70844 -
The Journal of Small Animal Practice Apr 2024The purpose of this study is to report the prevalence and risk factors for tick infestation in dogs in the UK based on anonymised electronic patient records.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is to report the prevalence and risk factors for tick infestation in dogs in the UK based on anonymised electronic patient records.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Clinical records of dogs under veterinary care in 2016 at clinics participating in the VetCompass Programme were followed over a 5-year period to identify cases of tick infestation. Risk factor analysis used multivariable logistic regression modelling.
RESULTS
The study included 905,553 dogs. From a random sample, 1903 tick infestation cases were identified. The estimated 5-year (2014 to 2018) period prevalence was 2.03% (95% confidence interval: 2.00 to 2.06). Sixteen breeds showed increased odds compared with non-designer-crossbreed dogs. Breeds with the highest odds included Cairn terrier (odds ratio 2.86, 95% confidence interval 1.64 to 4.98), standard poodle (odds ratio 2.80, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 6.29) and Goldendoodle (odds ratio 2.63, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 5.91). Six breeds showed reduced odds, with lowest odds shown by Staffordshire bull terrier (odds ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.25 to 0.50), Rottweiler (odds ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.85) and Chihuahua (odds ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.26 to 0.55). Males had 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.13 to 1.36) times the odds of females. Compared with non-designer-crossbred dogs, designer-crossbreed dogs had increased odds (odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence interval 1.52 to 2.15). Compared with breeds with short coats, breeds with medium length coats (odds ratio 2.20, 95% confidence interval 1.96 to 2.48) showed increased odds. Breeds with V-shaped drop and pendulous ear carriage had higher odds compared with breeds with erect ear carriage.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
These findings provide an evidence base for veterinary professionals to raise awareness of tick infestation as a preventable disorder in dogs in the UK and to support more effective prevention and therapeutic protocols based on targeted approaches.
PubMed: 38653546
DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13727 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Apr 2020The pathogenesis of melasma is not fully understood, and the role of skin basement membrane zone (BMZ) alterations in disease development and the maintenance of...
The pathogenesis of melasma is not fully understood, and the role of skin basement membrane zone (BMZ) alterations in disease development and the maintenance of hypermelanogenesis are also poorly known. We performed a comparative study to characterize the ultrastructural alterations that occur in BMZ in melasma and adjacent normal skin, as well as we discuss the implications of these changes in the physiopathology of the disease. Pairs of facial skin biopsies (2 mm) from 10 women with melasma and normal skin (< 2 cm apart) were processed by Transmission Electronic Microscopy or immunohistochemistry for Melan-A counterstained with Periodic acid-Schiff stain. Cytoplasmic organelles (from keratinocyte or melanocyte), BMZ damage were assessed and melanocyte counting (total and pendulous) was done. There was greater amount of cytoplasmic organelles inside basal keratinocytes and melanocytes in melasma, as well as structural damaged areas in the lamina densa (disruptions, gaps, lower density and thinning) and anchoring fibrils (lamina lucida), compared to healthy adjacent skin. Areas with pendulous melanocytes are characterized by discontinuity of BMZ ultrastructure. The prominence of cytoplasmic organelles from melanocytes and keratinocytes evidences the involvement of both cell groups in melasma. The damage in the lamina densa and lamina lucida suggest the role of upper dermis injury/repair process in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Topics: Basement Membrane; Face; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratinocytes; Melanocytes; Melanosis; Melanosomes; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Skin
PubMed: 31531731
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01979-w -
Journal of Forensic Nursing 2018Stigma and discrimination toward overweight and obese people pose consequences to their psychological and physical health. In the United States, overweight and obesity...
Stigma and discrimination toward overweight and obese people pose consequences to their psychological and physical health. In the United States, overweight and obesity and affects over 34% of the population. This frequently ignored public health issue often sees overweight and obese individuals blamed for their weight, thereby justifying the bias. During a post-sexual-assault examination, sexual assault nurse examiners and other forensic examiners must be cognizant of the specific issues and challenges related to the care of these victims. Forensic nurses may need to refine their techniques such as positioning overweight and obese patients on an appropriate-sized table, obtaining equipment for better visualization, and requiring assistance during the examination (e.g., lifting the victim's pendulous skin folds for assessment and evidence collection). Moreover, they may need to recognize and reflect on their own weight related biases. Addressing these important issues may lead to decreasing stigmatization during examinations, thereby providing quality care to victims of sexual assault, regardless of their weight.
Topics: Crime Victims; Female; Forensic Nursing; Humans; Obesity; Overweight; Physical Examination; Sex Offenses; Social Stigma
PubMed: 29697523
DOI: 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000196 -
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Jun 2021Breast ptosis is one of the most common complaints in the clinical setting. Simultaneous mastopexy via areola excision involves a reliable modified aesthetic technique...
BACKGROUND
Breast ptosis is one of the most common complaints in the clinical setting. Simultaneous mastopexy via areola excision involves a reliable modified aesthetic technique with distinctive features to correct mild and moderate pendulous breasts. The aim of this study is to determine whether the novel surgical approach is a safe and long-lasting technique for patients with breast ptosis.
METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of 48 patients who received simultaneous mastopexy through circumareolar excision and followed up for 12 months. Breast size, shape, fullness, symmetry, scar appearance, and sensitivity of nipple-areolar complex were evaluated.
RESULTS
Patients were satisfied with upper pole fullness, symmetry and scar less appearance. There were no cases of NAC deformity or sensation loss, neither sever capsular contracture was observed.
CONCLUSION
The new surgical technique, one-stage periareolar augmentation mastopexy, is a reliable and long-lasting operation for patients with mild and moderate breast ptosis.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Topics: Breast; Esthetics; Humans; Mammaplasty; Nipples; Retrospective Studies; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33219388
DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-02049-7 -
Poultry Science Oct 2018The pendulous crop is characterized by excessive distension of the crop musculature, compromising the bird's productivity and welfare. The etiology is still unknown, but...
The pendulous crop is characterized by excessive distension of the crop musculature, compromising the bird's productivity and welfare. The etiology is still unknown, but it is believed that factors related to the birds' handling might be related to its incidence. The study was conducted in 2 environmental chambers. One was maintained at a comfortable temperature, while the other was set at a much lower temperature. In each chamber, animals were divided into 16 experimental pens (8 received mash feed and the others received pelletized feed) with a density of 12 birds/m2 (an expected stocking density of 32-36 kg/m2 after 42 d). The effects of rearing temperatures were evaluated in terms of broiler performance, specifically weight gain (kg), feed intake (kg), weekly feed intake (kg/wk), and feed conversion (kgfeed/kggrowth). The occurrences of pendulous crop were quantified every 2 d after the 14th day of rearing. Birds grown in thermal comfort and fed a pelletized ration were most susceptible (12%) to pendulous crop, followed by birds fed pelletized feed and reared in cold conditions (6.8%), and birds given mashed feed and reared at either temperature (about 3%). We concluded that feeding pelleted feed combined with warmer rearing temperatures may have caused some alteration of the gastrointestinal system of birds, which caused pendulous crop to be more prevalent.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Chickens; Crop, Avian; Diet; Male; Temperature
PubMed: 29850856
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey221 -
Biodiversity Data Journal 2023Citizen science is a research approach that involves collaboration between professional scientists and non-professional volunteers. The utilisation of recent online...
BACKGROUND
Citizen science is a research approach that involves collaboration between professional scientists and non-professional volunteers. The utilisation of recent online citizen-science platforms (e.g. social networking services) has greatly revolutionised the accessibility of biodiversity data by providing opportunities for connecting professional and citizen scientists worldwide. Fujie, Shimizu & Maeto, 2021 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Euphorinae) has been recorded from the Oriental Islands of Japan and known to be a gregarious endoparasitoid of two macro-sized sphingid moths of , (Drury) and Butler. It constructs characteristic star-shaped communal cocoons, suspended by a long cable. Although has been reported only from the Oriental Islands of Japan, the authors recognise its occurrence and ecological data from Taiwan and the Palaearctic Island of Japan through posts on online citizen-science groups about Taiwanese Insects on Facebook and an article on a Japanese citizen-scientist's website.
NEW INFORMATION
Through collaboration between professional and citizen scientists via social media (Facebook groups) and websites, the following new biodiversity and ecological data associated with are provided: is recorded for the first time from Taiwan and the Palaearctic Region (Yakushima Is., Japan). (Butler, 1875), (Linnaeus, 1758) and (Walker, 1856) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) are recorded for the first time as hosts of and two of which ( and ) represent the first genus-level host records for . sp. (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), indeterminate species of Pteromalidae and Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera), are recognised as hyperparasitoid wasps of . (Fabricius, 1787) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) is reported as a predator of pendulous communal cocoons of . The nature of suspended large-sized communal cocoons of and the importance and limitations of digital occurrence data and online citizen science are briefly discussed.
PubMed: 38327304
DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.11.e103436 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Nov 2021The study was conducted between March and September 2019 in six meat-type turkey flocks with similar management standard procedures using the transect walk method. The...
The study was conducted between March and September 2019 in six meat-type turkey flocks with similar management standard procedures using the transect walk method. The concept of the method is based on visual observation of the birds while slowly walking across the entire farm in predetermined transects. Each flock was evaluated at three different times during the fattening cycle: at 3 to 4, 12 to 13, and 19 to 20 weeks of age, and total number of males and females that were immobile or lame, had visible head, vent, or back wounds, were small, featherless, dirty, or sick, had pendulous crop, or showed aggression toward birds or humans were recorded. At each visit, NH and CO were measured within the facilities. In the first assessment, the most frequently observed welfare indicators were small size (0.87%) and immobility (0.08%). Males showed a significantly higher prevalence of small size ( < 0.01), sickness ( < 0.05), and dirtiness ( < 0.1) compared to females. In the second assessment, the most common findings in both sexes were dirtiness (1.65%) and poor feather condition (1.06%), followed by immobility (0.28%). Males were significantly dirtier ( < 0.001), had more immobile birds ( < 0.01) and birds with vent wounds ( < 0.1), but had fewer sick birds ( < 0.05). In the last assessment, an increase in immobile, lame, sick, and dead birds was recorded, indicating an increase in health problems. Higher CO (3000 and 4433 ppm) and NH (40 and 27.6 ppm) values were noted only at the first assessment in two facilities. Further analyses showed that slightly elevated NH and CO levels did not influence the occurrence of welfare indicators. This study is the first description of the welfare of commercial turkey flocks in Slovenia.
PubMed: 34827985
DOI: 10.3390/ani11113253 -
Asian Journal of Andrology Oct 2023
PubMed: 37856195
DOI: 10.4103/aja202354 -
Veterinary Research Forum : An... 2022The development of tooth is a complex process wherein there is a series of interactions between the ectoderm and ectomesenchyme. Hyperdontia (also called supernumerary...
The development of tooth is a complex process wherein there is a series of interactions between the ectoderm and ectomesenchyme. Hyperdontia (also called supernumerary teeth) is a developmental abnormality being additional to the normal series of teeth with unknown etiology and is rare in ruminants. In this report, a rare case with two abnormal teeth outside the alveolar region, observed in a healthy 3-month-old female lamb was presented. The congenital defect consisted of the presence of 2 teeth positioned bilaterally in the caudal part of the mandible ramus and under the prominent pendulous skin; so, with retraction of prominent pendulous skin, these ectopic teeth were seen outside of the skin. The anomaly was found during a routine physical examination and no other congenital abnormalities were found in the lamb. The etiology of supernumerary teeth is not completely understood. This odontogenic abnormality appears to be an extraordinarily rare condition. Genetic, toxic, infectious or environmental factors related to congenital abnormalities affect the tooth growth. Depending on the supernumerary teeth position, surgery may be required.
PubMed: 36686875
DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.544325.3313