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Microorganisms Aug 2023Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbial community... (Review)
Review
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbial community and its metabolite secretions play a fundamental role in advanced adenoma (ADA) and CRC development and progression. This study is a systematic review that aims to assess the clinical association between gut microbial markers and/or gut and circulating metabolites with ADA and CRC. Five electronic databases were searched by four independent reviewers. Only controlled trials that compared ADA and/or CRC with healthy control (HC) using either untargeted (16s rRNA gene or whole genome sequencing) or targeted (gene-based real-time PCR) identification methods for gut microbiome profile, or untargeted or targeted metabolite profiling approaches from the gut or serum/plasma, were eligible. Three independent reviewers evaluated the quality of the studies using the . Twenty-four studies were eligible. We identified strong evidence of two microbial markers and for ADA vs. CRC, and nine microbial markers -Lachnoclostridium, -Ruminococcus, spp., , Enterobacteriaceae, spp., Bacteroides, -, spp.-, , and for CRC vs. HC. The remaining metabolite marker evidence between the various groups, including ADA vs. HC, ADA vs. HC, and CRC vs. HC, was not of sufficient quality to support additional findings. The identified gut microbial markers can be used in a panel for diagnosing ADA and/or CRC. Further research in the metabolite markers area is needed to evaluate the possibility to use in diagnostic or prognostic markers for colorectal cancer.
PubMed: 37630597
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082037 -
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience :... May 2015Brain abscesses are rare but potentially deadly complications of odontogenic infections. This phenomenon has been described mainly in the form of case reports, as... (Review)
Review
Brain abscesses are rare but potentially deadly complications of odontogenic infections. This phenomenon has been described mainly in the form of case reports, as large-scale studies are difficult to perform. We compiled a total of 60 previously published cases of such a complication to investigate the predisposing factors, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of intracranial abscesses of odontogenic origin. A systematic review of the literature using the PubMed database was performed. Men accounted for 82.1% of cases, and the mean age was 42.1 years. Caries with periapical involvement and periodontitis were the two most common intra-oral sources, and wisdom tooth extraction was the most common preceding dental procedure. In 56.4% of cases, there were obvious signs of dental disease prior to development of intracranial infection. Commonly implicated microorganisms included Streptococcus viridans (especially the anginosus group), Actinomyces, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Eikenella corrodens. There was an 8.3% mortality rate. Intracranial abscesses can form anywhere within the brain, and appear unrelated to the side of dental involvement. This suggests that hematogenous spread is the most likely route of dissemination.
Topics: Bacterial Infections; Body Piercing; Brain Abscess; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Peptostreptococcus; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 25800939
DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.11.015 -
Journal of Education & Teaching in... Apr 2020Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome (FHCS) is a rare sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease that must be included on the differential in patients with abdominal pain, particularly...
UNLABELLED
Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome (FHCS) is a rare sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease that must be included on the differential in patients with abdominal pain, particularly if they have risk factors for sexually transmitted infections. In this case, a 25-year-old female with a past history of presented to the emergency department with vaginal discharge and right upper quadrant pain. Complete blood count showed a mild leukocytosis, and computed tomography demonstrated fat stranding inferior to the liver and along the right colon. The patient was diagnosed with Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome and admitted for intravenous (IV) antibiotics. After 48 hours of IV antibiotics she was discharged with a 14-day course of doxycycline and metronidazole. Multiple bacterial species have been implicated in FHCS, including but not limited to , , , , and . Therefore, careful consideration should be given to the choice of antimicrobial treatment.
TOPICS
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, perihepatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, sexually transmitted disease.
PubMed: 37465405
DOI: 10.21980/J82K9G -
Microorganisms Jan 2019Nowadays cancer is the second main cause of death in the world. The most known bacterial carcinogen is . Pathogens that can have an impact on cancer development in the... (Review)
Review
Nowadays cancer is the second main cause of death in the world. The most known bacterial carcinogen is . Pathogens that can have an impact on cancer development in the gastrointestinal tract are also found in the oral cavity. Some specific species have been identified that correlate strongly with oral cancer, such as sp., sp., sp., sp., , and . Many works have also shown that the oral periopathogens and play an important role in the development of colorectal and pancreatic cancer. Three mechanisms of action have been suggested in regard to the role of oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of cancer. The first is bacterial stimulation of chronic inflammation. Inflammatory mediators produced in this process cause or facilitate cell proliferation, mutagenesis, oncogene activation, and angiogenesis. The second mechanism attributed to bacteria that may influence the pathogenesis of cancers by affecting cell proliferation is the activation of NF-κB and inhibition of cellular apoptosis. In the third mechanism, bacteria produce some substances that act in a carcinogenic manner. This review presents potentially oncogenic oral bacteria and possible mechanisms of their action on the carcinogenesis of human cells.
PubMed: 30642137
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7010020 -
Cancers Jul 2022The intestinal microbiome is associated with colorectal cancer. Although the mucosal microbiota better represents an individual's local microbiome, studies on the... (Review)
Review
The intestinal microbiome is associated with colorectal cancer. Although the mucosal microbiota better represents an individual's local microbiome, studies on the colorectal cancer microbiota mainly reflect knowledge obtained from fecal samples. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the relationship between the mucosal-associated bacterial microbiota and colorectal cancer. Searches were conducted in PubMed and Web of Science databases for publications comparing the mucosal microbiome of colorectal cancer patients with that of healthy controls, or with that of non-cancerous mucosal tissues. The primary outcomes were differences in microbial diversity and taxonomy. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Of the 5080 studies identified, 39 were eligible and included in the systematic review. No consistent results were identified for the α- and β-diversity, due to high heterogeneity in reporting and to differences in metrics and statistical approaches, limiting study comparability. Qualitative synthesis of microbial taxonomy identified 12 taxa with strong positive and 18 taxa with strong negative associations with colorectal cancer. , , , , , and were defined as enriched in colorectal cancer. Despite the methodological limitations of the studies, consistent evidence on bacterial taxa associated with colorectal cancer was identified. Prospective studies in large and well-characterized patient populations will be crucial to validate these findings.
PubMed: 35884445
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143385 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2022Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of...
BACKGROUND
Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of colorectal cancer. However, there are still no absolute markers predicting the progression from adenoma to carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in patients with colorectal adenoma and carcinoma and its correlations with clinical characteristics.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 154 patients with CRC, 20 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and 199 healthy controls. To analyze the differences in the intestinal microbiota, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted.
RESULTS
At the genus level, there were four significantly different genera among the three groups, namely Acidaminococcus, Alloprevotella, Mycoplasma, and Sphingobacterium, while Acidaminococcus significantly decreased with the order of Control-AD-CRC ( < 0.05). In addition, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Butyricimonas, Alistipes, and Odoribacter were the key genera in the network of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma-associated bacteria. The top 10 most important species, including , , , , , , , , and , showed the best performance in distinguishing AD from CRC (AUC = 85.54%, 95% CI: 78.83-92.25%). The clinicopathologic features, including age, gender, tumor location, differentiation degree, and TNM stage, were identified to be closely linked to the intestinal microbiome in CRC.
CONCLUSION
Several intestinal bacteria changed along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and might be the potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota characteristics in CRC should account for the host factors.
PubMed: 35935780
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.888340 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The existing diagnostic methods of epilepsy such as history collection and electroencephalogram have great limitations in practice, so more reliable and less difficult...
BACKGROUND
The existing diagnostic methods of epilepsy such as history collection and electroencephalogram have great limitations in practice, so more reliable and less difficult diagnostic methods are needed.
METHODS
By characterizing oral microbiota in patients diagnosed with epilepsy (EPs) and patients whose seizures were under control (EPRs), we sought to discover biomarkers for different disease states. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on 480 tongue swabs [157 EPs, 22 EPRs, and 301 healthy controls (HCs)].
RESULTS
Compared with normal individuals, patients with epilepsy exhibit increased alpha diversity in their oral microbiota, and the oral microbial communities of the two groups demonstrate significant beta diversity differences. EPs exhibit a significant increase in the abundance of 26 genera, including , , and , while the abundance of 14 genera, including , , and , is significantly reduced. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of oral microbial markers in the training cohort and validation cohort was 98.85% and 97.23%, respectively. Importantly, the AUC of the biomarker set achieved 92.44% of additional independent validation sets. In addition, EPRs also have their own unique oral community.
CONCLUSION
This study describes the characterization of the oral microbiome in EP and EPR and demonstrates the potential of the specific microbiome as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for epilepsy.
PubMed: 38107849
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1277022 -
Oncogene Jul 2022The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial signatures in gastric carcinogenesis through a meta-analysis of gastric microbiome from multiple studies. Compositional and ecological profiles of gastric microbes across stages of gastric carcinogenesis were significantly altered. Meta-analysis revealed that opportunistic pathobionts Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Veillonella, Prevotella and Peptostreptococcus were enriched in GC, while commensals Bifidobacterium, Bacillus and Blautia were depleted in comparison to SG. The co-occurring correlation strengths of GC-enriched bacteria were increased along disease progression while those of GC-depleted bacteria were decreased. Eight bacterial taxa, including Veillonella, Dialister, Granulicatella, Herbaspirillum, Comamonas, Chryseobacterium, Shewanella and Helicobacter, were newly identified by this study as universal biomarkers for robustly discriminating GC from SG, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Moreover, H. pylori-positive samples exhibited reduced microbial diversity, altered microbiota community and weaker interactions among gastric microbes. Our meta-analysis demonstrated comprehensive and generalizable gastric mucosa microbial features associated with histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis, including GC associated bacteria, diagnostic biomarkers, bacterial network alteration and H. pylori influence.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Dysbiosis; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Microbiota; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 35680985
DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02377-9 -
Nature Communications Mar 2024Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and...
Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and analyzing such complex datasets poses significant challenges. Most notably, current analysis methods often yield extensive lists of disease-associated features (e.g., species, pathways, or metabolites), without capturing the multi-layered structure of the data. Here, we address this challenge by introducing "MintTea", an intermediate integration-based approach combining canonical correlation analysis extensions, consensus analysis, and an evaluation protocol. MintTea identifies "disease-associated multi-omic modules", comprising features from multiple omics that shift in concord and that collectively associate with the disease. Applied to diverse cohorts, MintTea captures modules with high predictive power, significant cross-omic correlations, and alignment with known microbiome-disease associations. For example, analyzing samples from a metabolic syndrome study, MintTea identifies a module with serum glutamate- and TCA cycle-related metabolites, along with bacterial species linked to insulin resistance. In another dataset, MintTea identifies a module associated with late-stage colorectal cancer, including Peptostreptococcus and Gemella species and fecal amino acids, in line with these species' metabolic activity and their coordinated gradual increase with cancer development. This work demonstrates the potential of advanced integration methods in generating systems-level, multifaceted hypotheses underlying microbiome-disease interactions.
Topics: Humans; Multiomics; Microbiota; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
PubMed: 38521774
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46888-3 -
Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea) Apr 2023Vaginal microbiome composition was demonstrated to be associated with cervical disease. The colonization characteristics of vaginal microbes and their association with...
Vaginal microbiome composition was demonstrated to be associated with cervical disease. The colonization characteristics of vaginal microbes and their association with the different cervical disease status, especially cervical cancer (CC), are rarely investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we characterized the vaginal microbiome of women with different status of cervical diseases, including 22 NV + (normal tissue with HPV infection), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, n = 45), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL, n = 36) and CC (n = 27) using bacterial 16S DNA sequencing. Thirty HPV-negative women with normal tissue were used as the control group. We found that higher diversity of microbiome with gradual depletion of Lactobacillus, especially L. crispatus, was associated with the severity of cervical disease. High-risk HPV16 infection was associated with higher microbiome diversity and depletion of Lactobacillus in high-grade cervical diseases (i.e. HSIL and CC). The CC group was characterized by higher levels of Fannyhessea vaginae, Prevotella, Bacteroides, Finegoldia, Vibrio, Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus, and Dialister. Co-occurrence network analyses showed that negative correlations were exclusively observed between Lactobacillus and other bacteria, and almost all non-Lactobacillus bacteria were positively correlated with each other. In particular, the most diverse and complex co-occurrence network of vaginal bacteria, as well as a complete loss of L. crispatus, was observed in women with CC. Logistic regression model identified HPV16 and Lactobacillus as significant risk and protective factors for CC, respectively. These results suggest that specific Lactobacillus species (e.g. L. crispatus and L. iners) can be used as important markers to target prevention measures prioritizing HPV16-infected women and other hrHPV-infected women for test, vaccination and treat initiatives.
Topics: Female; Humans; Dysbiosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vagina; Lactobacillus; Bacteria; Microbiota; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 37010797
DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00039-3