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Developmental Cell Mar 2020The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium...
The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium formation, lineage heterogeneity, and functional cross-talk with other cell types in the heart, are currently lacking. In this study, we investigated epicardial heterogeneity and the functional diversity of discrete epicardial subpopulations in the developing zebrafish heart. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered three epicardial subpopulations with specific genetic programs and distinctive spatial distribution. Perturbation of unique gene signatures uncovered specific functions associated with each subpopulation and established epicardial roles in cell adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis as a mechanism for recruitment of leukocytes into the heart. Understanding which mechanisms epicardial cells employ to establish a functional epicardium and how they communicate with other cardiovascular cell types during development will bring us closer to repairing cellular relationships that are disrupted during cardiovascular disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Lineage; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Pericardium; RNA-Seq; Single-Cell Analysis; Transcriptome; Zebrafish
PubMed: 32084358
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.023 -
JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology Dec 2021The pericardium of the human heart has received increased attention in recent times due to interest in the epicardial approach for cardiac interventions to treat cardiac... (Review)
Review
The pericardium of the human heart has received increased attention in recent times due to interest in the epicardial approach for cardiac interventions to treat cardiac arrhythmias refractory to conventional endocardial approaches. To support further clinical application of this technique, it is fundamental to appreciate the living anatomy of the pericardial space, as well as its relationships to the surrounding structures. The anatomy of the pericardial space, however, is extremely difficult regions to visualize. This is due to its complex 3-dimensionality, and the "potential" nature of the space, which becomes obvious only when there is collection of pericardial fluid. This potential space, which is bounded by the epicardium and pericardium, can now be visualized by special techniques as we now report, permitting appreciation of its living morphology. Current sources of knowledge are limited to the dissection images, surgical images, and/or illustrations, which are not necessarily precise or sufficient to provide relevant comprehensive anatomical knowledge to those undertaking the epicardial approach. The authors demonstrate, for the first time to their knowledge, the 3-dimensional living anatomy of the pericardial space relative to its surrounding structures. They also provide correlative anatomy of the left sternocostal triangle as a common site for subxiphoid access. The authors anticipate their report serving as a tool for education of imaging and interventional specialists.
Topics: Humans; Pericardium; Thorax
PubMed: 34949433
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.09.008 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Oct 2022
Topics: Catheter Ablation; Cryosurgery; Epicardial Mapping; Humans; Pericardium; Tachycardia, Ventricular
PubMed: 34883084
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.10.048 -
JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology Jul 2020
Topics: Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Catheter Ablation; Endocardium; Pericardium; Swine
PubMed: 32703567
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.04.026 -
Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.) Jan 2017The transverse pericardial sinus is a uniquely located structure subdivided into many parts. However, discrepancies still exist on the nomenclature and divisions. As... (Review)
Review
The transverse pericardial sinus is a uniquely located structure subdivided into many parts. However, discrepancies still exist on the nomenclature and divisions. As noninvasive diagnostic technology such as CT and MR imaging improve, the transverse pericardial sinus and constituent recesses are visualized with more clarity, increasing the risk for misinterpretation. In this review, we will explore the anatomy of the transverse pericardial sinus and associated recesses with the goal of heightening awareness regarding the differential diagnosis between normal and pathological states as seen on CT. In addition, the inconsistencies of the right lateral superior aortic recess are also addressed. Last, we describe the clinical and surgical significance of the transverse pericardial sinus. Clin. Anat. 30:61-70, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topics: Humans; Pericardium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27578603
DOI: 10.1002/ca.22778 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is related to atrial fibrillation. The association between EAT volume and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) remains unclear. Our... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is related to atrial fibrillation. The association between EAT volume and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of EAT volume on the risk of frequent PVCs and burden levels of PVCs.
METHODS
This observational study retrospectively recruited consecutive patients who had consultation between 2019 and 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Frequent PVC patients ( = 402) and control patients ( = 402) undergoing non-contrast computed tomography (CT) were enrolled. We selected evaluation criteria for the conduct of a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to investigate factors related to frequent PVCs. Furthermore, the determinants of EAT volume and the burden levels of PVCs were evaluated.
RESULTS
Patients with PVCs had a significantly larger EAT volume than control patients. EAT volume was significantly larger in male PVC patients with BMI ≥24 kg/m, diabetes mellitus, and E/A ratio <1. EAT volume was independently associated with PVCs. Moreover, the larger EAT volume was an independent predictor for the high burden level of PVCs. We revealed that the risk of high PVC burden level was increased with the rising of EAT volume by restricted cubic splines.
CONCLUSIONS
EAT volume was larger in frequent PVC patients than in control patients, regardless of other confounding factors. A large EAT volume was independently associated with high burden levels of PVCs. EAT volume may be a new mechanism to explain the pathogenesis of PVCs.
Topics: Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Ventricular Premature Complexes; Atrial Fibrillation; Pericardium
PubMed: 37822598
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219890 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Nov 2015Previous studies have demonstrated that moderate alcohol consumption is cardioprotective and reduces postoperative pericardial adhesions; however, the mechanism is not...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have demonstrated that moderate alcohol consumption is cardioprotective and reduces postoperative pericardial adhesions; however, the mechanism is not fully understood. Using proteomic analysis, we sought to objectively investigate the effects of daily moderate alcohol consumption in the pericardium and myocardium in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.
METHODS
Fourteen swine underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Animals were supplemented with 90 mL of ethanol daily (ETOH) or 80 g of sucrose of equal caloric value (SUC). After 7 weeks, the ischemic myocardium and pericardium were harvested for proteomics analysis.
RESULTS
Pericardial proteomics analysis yielded 397 proteins, of which 23 were unique to SUC and 52 were unique to ETOH. Of the 322 common proteins, 71 were statistically significant and 23 were characterized (p < 0.05). Alcohol supplementation increased structural proteins, and decreased immune protease inhibitors and coagulation proteins in the pericardium (p < 0.01). Myocardial proteomics analysis yielded 576 proteins, of which 32 were unique to SUC and 21 were unique to ETOH. Of the 523 common proteins, 85 were significant, and 32 were characterized (p < 0.05). Alcohol supplementation decreased cardiac remodeling proteins, cell death proteins and motor proteins, and increased metabolic proteins (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that daily moderate alcohol consumption affects numerous pathways that contribute to cardioprotection, including cardiac remodeling, metabolism, and cell death. Our findings reveal the biosignature of myocardial and pericardial protein expression in the setting of chronic myocardial ischemia and daily moderate alcohol consumption.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Pericardium; Proteomics; Swine; Swine, Miniature
PubMed: 26242211
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.040 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Jan 2017
Topics: Fontan Procedure; Pericardium; Prostheses and Implants
PubMed: 27751578
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.09.043 -
Revista Espanola de Cardiologia... Dec 2014
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Chest Pain; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Pericardium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25432713
DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.02.016 -
Cardiovascular Journal of Africa 2020Gossypibomas are uncommon but important complications of surgery. This case report is of a gossypiboma found accidentally 31 years after heart surgery. A 41-year-old man...
Gossypibomas are uncommon but important complications of surgery. This case report is of a gossypiboma found accidentally 31 years after heart surgery. A 41-year-old man had lost 5 kg in the previous three months and suffered from intermittent epigastric discomfort. A computed tomography scan incidentally revealed a well-defined mass in the right lower anterior mediastinum. Given his history of previous cardiac surgery to repair a ventricular septal defect, the possibility of gossypiboma could not be excluded. Elective excision of the mass was performed through a median sternotomy, and a 5-cm ovoid mass consisting of a thrombus and gauze was removed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient's clinical findings were normal, with no abnormal findings on transthoracic echocardiogram performed one year later.
Topics: Adult; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Foreign Bodies; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular; Humans; Male; Pericardium; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31815276
DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2019-068