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Journal of Functional Biomaterials Dec 2022Multiple-pathogen periodontal disease necessitates a local release and concentration of antibacterial medication to control inflammation in a particular location of the...
Multiple-pathogen periodontal disease necessitates a local release and concentration of antibacterial medication to control inflammation in a particular location of the mouth cavity. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively load and deliver medicine/antibiotics to treat numerous complex bacterial infections. This study developed chlorhexidine (CHX)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membranes with controlled release properties as periodontal dressings to prevent or treat oral disorders. Electrostatic spinning was adopted to endow the nanofiber membranes with a high porosity, hydrophilicity, and CHX loading capability. The release of CHX occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. The CHX/PCL nanofiber membranes exhibited good biocompatibility with human periodontal ligament stem cells, with cell viability over 85% in each group via CCK-8 assay and LIVE/DEAD staining; moreover, the good attachment of the membrane was illustrated by scanning electron microscopy imaging. Through the agar diffusion assay, the nanofiber membranes with only 0.075 wt% CHX exhibited high antibacterial activity against three typical oral infection-causing bacteria: , , and . The results indicated that the CHX/PCL nanofiber holds great potential as a periodontal dressing for the prevention and treatment periodontal disorders associated with bacteria.
PubMed: 36547540
DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040280 -
Journal of Natural Science, Biology,... 2018The aim was to compare the gingival tissue response following placement of a light cure dressing (Barricaid) and a non-eugenol periodontal dressing (Coe-Pak) after...
AIM
The aim was to compare the gingival tissue response following placement of a light cure dressing (Barricaid) and a non-eugenol periodontal dressing (Coe-Pak) after periodontal flap procedure. This was carried out by evaluating plaque deposition underneath both the dressings, healing response and the patient preference for each.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 12 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis requiring surgery in at least two different quadrants were enrolled for this split-mouth study. After periodontal flap surgery, Coe-Pak was placed in the quadrant assigned to Group I and Barricaid was placed in the other quadrant assigned to Group II. Clinical parameters were recorded on day 7 and day 14. Patient comfort and pain levels were also evaluated by a questionnaire.
RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences in wound healing and the clinical gingival parameters between two groups. The only significant difference was found in the plaque attached underneath the dressing, with Coe-Pak showing greater plaque accumulation than Barricaid. Seventy five (75) % of the patients preferred Barricaid over Coe-Pak, based on its appearance and taste.
CONCLUSION
The non-eugenol dressing seemed to retain more plaque on its undersurface than light-cure dressing. However, this did not have much influence on the healing outcome and clinical gingival parameters, which were optimal and comparable in both groups. The greater number of patients showed a preference for light cure dressing, based on its superior esthetics and taste.
PubMed: 29456396
DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_75_17 -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Nov 2014The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal dressing on post-operative pain and swelling after surgical crown lengthening. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal dressing on post-operative pain and swelling after surgical crown lengthening.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A blind, randomized, clinical trial was carried out with 36 patients. Following surgical crown lengthening, the individuals were randomly allocated to the periodontal dressing group (PDG) and control group (CG, non-placement of periodontal dressing). Pain and discomfort were analyzed using a visual analog scale (VAS), verbal scale (VS) and the number of analgesics consumed in 7 days post-operatively. Post-operative infection, stability of the gingival margin and type of healing were also evaluated.
RESULTS
The PDG had a significantly higher percentage of responses of 'strong pain' on the VS in the first day post-operatively (33.3% vs 5.3%, p = 0.03) and greater pain on the first and second days post-operatively based on the VAS. Moreover, a significant difference between groups was found regarding gingival swelling after 7 days. However, gingival recession was found in 57.8% of the sites in the CG and only 5.5% of sites in the PDG. No change in condition was found among individuals with conjunctive tissue/bone exposure in the CG in the immediate post-operative period and 80% of the patients in the PDG had healing by first intention after 7 days.
CONCLUSION
The use of periodontal dressing seems to be preferable following surgical crown lengthening with connective tissue/bone exposure. However, adequate post-operative analgesic strategies should be employed due to the possibility of intense pain in the first 24 hours.
Topics: Adult; Alveolectomy; Analgesics; Connective Tissue; Crown Lengthening; Edema; Female; Gingival Recession; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Operative Time; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Periodontal Dressings; Postoperative Complications; Single-Blind Method; Surgical Flaps; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Wound Healing
PubMed: 25139226
DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.942878 -
Human & Experimental Toxicology 2022Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing.
AIM
This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation.
METHODS
First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation.
RESULTS
Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53.
CONCLUSION
High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Mice; Zinc Oxide
PubMed: 35099326
DOI: 10.1177/09603271221080237 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2018Since its first use for the reconstruction of tissue defects in the oral cavity in 1985, human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been widely studied in the field of oral... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Since its first use for the reconstruction of tissue defects in the oral cavity in 1985, human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been widely studied in the field of oral surgery. Despite the growing number of publications in this field, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis concerning its clinical applications, outcome assessments, and relevance in oral surgery. The aim of this review is to provide a thorough understanding of the potential use of hAM for soft and hard tissue reconstruction in the oral cavity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic electronic and a manual literature search of the MEDLINE-PubMed database and Scopus database was completed. Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes (PICO) technique was used to select the relevant articles to meet the objective. Studies using hAM for oral reconstruction, and conducted on human subjects, were included in this survey.
RESULTS
A total of 17 articles were analyzed. Five areas of interest were identified as potential clinical application: periodontal surgery, cleft palate and tumor reconstruction, prosthodontics and peri-implant surgery. Overall, periodontal surgery was the only discipline to assess the efficacy of hAM with randomized clinical trials. The wide variability of preservation methods of hAM and the lack of objective measurements were observed in this study.
CONCLUSION
hAM is already used in the field of oral surgery. Despite this, there is weak clinical evidence demonstrating convincingly the benefit of hAM in this area compared to standard surgery.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Several studies now suggest the interest of hAM for periodontal tissue repair. Due to its biological and mechanical properties, hAM seems to be a promising treatment for wound healing in various areas of oral reconstruction. However, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
Topics: Amnion; Biological Dressings; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Oral Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 29682688
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2457-3 -
Brazilian Oral Research Mar 2018The aim of this study is to evaluate the action of paramonochlorophenol associated with Furacin followed by calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing in the control of...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the action of paramonochlorophenol associated with Furacin followed by calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing in the control of inflammatory root resorption in cases of immediate tooth replantation with delayed endodontic treatment. A total of 28 incisors of 3 male dogs were extracted and replanted after 15 minutes, and randomly divided into 3 groups: Group I (n = 8) - endodontic treatment was performed before the extraction and replantation; Group II (n = 10) - endodontic treatment was performed 30 days after replantation and the root canal was filled with CH dressing; Group III (n = 10) - endodontic treatment was performed 30 days after replantation and root canals received temporary medication of paramonochlorophenol-Furacin followed by CH dressing. The animals were euthanized 90 days after replantation. The histomorphological events analyzed at the epithelial reattachment site were the intensity and extent of acute and chronic inflammatory processes, periodontal ligament (PDL) organization, the intensity and extent of acute and chronic inflammatory processes in the PDL space, root resorption, bone tissue, and ankylosis. Data were submitted to the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for group comparison (α = 5%). In Groups I, II and III the periodontal ligament was regenerated and most of the resorption areas were repaired by newly formed cementum. The depth and extent of root resorption were significantly higher in Group II than in Group III. The use of paramonochlorophenol-furacin followed by CH dressing was more effective in controlling inflammatory root resorption after immediate tooth replantation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Calcium Hydroxide; Chlorophenols; Dogs; Male; Medical Illustration; Nitrofurazone; Periodontal Ligament; Random Allocation; Reproducibility of Results; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Therapy; Root Resorption; Time Factors; Tooth Replantation; Tooth Root; Tooth, Nonvital; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29513885
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107/2018.vol32.0007 -
Journal of Advanced Periodontology &... 2023Polylactic-co-glycolic acid and zinc oxide (PLGA-ZnO) nanocomposite has been investigated for its antibacterial properties, which could be beneficial for adding to wound...
BACKGROUND
Polylactic-co-glycolic acid and zinc oxide (PLGA-ZnO) nanocomposite has been investigated for its antibacterial properties, which could be beneficial for adding to wound dressings after periodontal surgery. However, its cytotoxicity against human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) remains unclear and should be evaluated.
METHODS
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. These metallic nanoparticles were incorporated into the PLGA matrix by the solvent/non-solvent process. The nanomaterial was evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. HGF cells were acquired from the National Cell Bank and categorized into four groups: ZnO, PLGA, ZnO-PLGA, and control. The cells were exposed to different ZnO (1, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µg/mL) and PLGA (0.2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 µg/mL) concentrations for 24 and 48 hours. The cytotoxicity was tested using the MTT assay. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25, and <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
ZnO nanoparticles exhibited significant toxicity at≥40 µg/mL concentrations after 24 hours. Cell viability decreased significantly at all the tested concentrations after 48 hours of exposure. PLGA-ZnO cell viability in 24 hours was similar to the control group for all the concentrations up to 80 µg/mL.
CONCLUSION
ZnO nanoparticles could be toxic against HGF in high concentrations and with prolonged exposure. Therefore, incorporating ZnO nanoparticles into a biocompatible polymer such as PLGA could be a beneficial strategy for reducing their toxicity.
PubMed: 37645553
DOI: 10.34172/japid.2023.010 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2019The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has proven an immense role in angiogenesis and epithelization in a wound healing process. The present study aims to ascertain PRF's...
BACKGROUND
The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has proven an immense role in angiogenesis and epithelization in a wound healing process. The present study aims to ascertain PRF's beneficial role in wound healing after depigmentation surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 12 systemically healthy controls included were divided into two groups after scalpel depigmentation procedure. PRF was prepared according to Choukroun's standard protocol. Using split-mouth design after depigmentation, one group received PRF membrane, and in second group non-eugenol periodontal dressing was placed. The participants were evaluated for visual analog scale (VAS), healing index (HI) on 3 and 5 day. Epithelization test using toluidine blue and histological examination employing punch biopsy was done on the 5 day.
RESULTS
On statistical scale, VAS, HI, epithelization test, and histological findings were statistically significant in the two study groups. PRF group proved better epithelization test and inflammatory cell infiltration was less in PRF group which confirmed superior wound healing in the group.
CONCLUSION
PRF membrane postdepigmentation provided satisfactory patient comfort and enhanced the wound healing cascade.
PubMed: 31367132
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_688_18 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2022This study aims to evaluate, over 12 months of clinical and radiographic follow-ups, the performance and outcomes of Biodentine™ pulpotomy in stage I primary molars.
AIM
This study aims to evaluate, over 12 months of clinical and radiographic follow-ups, the performance and outcomes of Biodentine™ pulpotomy in stage I primary molars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total number of 20 stage I primary molars requiring pulpotomy were selected from eight healthy patients aged between 34 and 45 months. Patients presenting a negative attitude toward dental treatment on the dental chair were scheduled for dental treatments under general anesthesia.Pulpotomy with Biodentine™ as a pulp-dressing material was performed on all selected molars. The patients were called back at 1 and 3 months for clinical follow-ups, then at 6 and 12 months for clinical and radiographic follow-ups. Data were tabulated according to follow-up intervals and occurrence of any changes in root maturation, pulp canal obliteration (PCO), periodontal ligament space (PLS), and bone or root lesion.
RESULTS
No statistically significant differences were recorded at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. There was a statistically significant increase in number of roots with closed apices from six roots at 6 months to 50 roots at 12 months ( < 0.0005) and the PCO was present in all 50 roots at 12 months, after it was present in 36 roots only at 6 months ( = 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
This is the first randomized clinical trial that evaluates the performance of Biodentine™ as a pulp-dressing agent in stage I primary molar pulpotomy over 12 months of follow-up. Contrary to previous studies, the present work highlights the continued root formation and apical closure (AC) in pulpotomized immature primary molars.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Nasrallah H, Noueiri BE. Biodentine™ Pulpotomy in Stage I primary Molars: A 12-month Follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(6):660-666.
PubMed: 36866133
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2400 -
Human & Experimental Toxicology Dec 2021Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing.
AIM
This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation.
METHODS
First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation.
RESULTS
Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53.
CONCLUSION
High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.
Topics: Cell Proliferation; Gingiva; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Zinc Oxide
PubMed: 34797187
DOI: 10.1177/09603271211058063