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Disability and Rehabilitation May 2019Refugees and asylum seekers face many challenges in their pursuit of a safe home. The journey for displaced individuals can be extremely dangerous and many do not... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Refugees and asylum seekers face many challenges in their pursuit of a safe home. The journey for displaced individuals can be extremely dangerous and many do not survive or go missing. Survivors face significant risks of injury, abuse, and torture. Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common and disabling injuries sustained by these populations. This already complex condition can have profound implications on these groups and their families due to factors related to mental health, cultural perspectives, and their ability to navigate healthcare systems.
METHODS
A literature review was performed to investigate the incidence and prevalence of torture and traumatic brain injury in displaced and fleeing populations. Impacts of traumatic brain injury and residency status on outcomes in these individuals were also examined.
RESULTS
The incidence and prevalence of torture and traumatic brain injury among refugees and asylum seekers is significant. These populations may access healthcare systems differently than other groups and as a result may experience a unique health-related outcomes following traumatic brain injury.
CONCLUSIONS
This information should sensitize healthcare providers to a potential history of traumatic brain injury sustained by patients/clients who are refugees or asylum seekers and may serve to guide some clinical encounters. Implications for rehabilitation Traumatic brain injuries are commonly sustained by refugees and asylum seekers. Cultural factors may complicate how refugees and asylum seekers understand, report, and manage these injuries. The above may be worsened by cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes following traumatic brain injury. Rehabilitation providers should be aware of potential traumatic brain injury history during encounters with refugee and asylum seeker populations, especially if a history of torture is suspected.
Topics: Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Culturally Competent Care; Disabled Persons; Humans; Prevalence; Refugees; Survivors; Torture
PubMed: 29284288
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1422038 -
American Journal of Psychoanalysis Dec 2020This paper is a follow-up to an article published in 1989 by Cubbage and Thomas. The purpose of that article was to provide a comprehensive analysis of classical...
This paper is a follow-up to an article published in 1989 by Cubbage and Thomas. The purpose of that article was to provide a comprehensive analysis of classical Freudian concepts such as castration anxiety, narcissism and self-regard, fear of the loss of love, secondary gain, the death instinct, and ego strength as they related to the treatment and personality development of persons with disabilities. Despite a rigorous review of the literature, an important paper of Freud's with direct and significant implications for persons with congenital or other early-life disabilities was inadvertently overlooked. The purpose of the present paper is to correct that oversight and to provide an almost verbatim synopsis and rehabilitation treatment implications of Freud's (1916) comments on "Exceptions," a character designation that includes persons with congenital or other early-life disabilities that are viewed by the patient as having occurred through no fault of his or her own.
Topics: Adult; Congenital Abnormalities; Disabled Persons; Freudian Theory; Humans; Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic
PubMed: 33268886
DOI: 10.1057/s11231-020-09272-w -
Disability and Rehabilitation 2015This systematic review examines the literature to identify the context and extent of implementation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and... (Review)
Review
The use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to understand the health and functioning experiences of people with chronic conditions from the person perspective: a systematic review.
PURPOSE
This systematic review examines the literature to identify the context and extent of implementation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model to understand the experience of health and functioning in persons with chronic conditions from the person perspective.
METHOD
The literature search was conducted through five electronic databases between 2001 and December 2012. Reference lists of included papers were also searched. Articles in which the ICF was used to understand the health and functioning experience of adults with chronic conditions from the person-perspective were included. Data were extracted and analysed to identify the year of publication, geographical location, health condition, context of ICF use, authors' remarks and identified limitations of the ICF.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven qualitative and mixed-methods studies were included representing 18 countries and a range of chronic conditions. The ICF was found to be used to elicit and analyse people's narratives, with the majority of studies reporting that the ICF provides a comprehensive analysis of experiences and needs from the person perspective. Some limitations to its use and the need to classify the "personal factors" component were reported.
CONCLUSION
The ICF has been used to provide a comprehensive understanding of health and functioning in persons with chronic conditions from the person perspective, although there are currently relatively few studies which have used the ICF in this context. Limitations regarding its use were reported which should be considered by users of the model and during its revision process.
IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION
The ICF encourages a bio-psycho-social and person-centred approach to healthcare and may provide a useful tool for guiding clinical assessment and encouraging clinicians to consider the multitude of factors which impact health, which may result in more specific and individualised treatment targeted at individual needs. Using a common framework that can be understood across health disciplines may enhance interdisciplinary communication and collaboration, improving health care delivery. The ICF may be used to compare perspectives of individuals and their health professionals and to identify people's needs that are not adequately being addressed, which may have significant implications for improving healthcare provided and overall health outcomes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic Disease; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Female; Health Personnel; Health Status; Humans; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 24986707
DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2014.935875 -
Rehabilitation Psychology Aug 2020Objective/Purpose: The objective of this article is to provide information about the ways in which the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may affect the ongoing... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Objective/Purpose: The objective of this article is to provide information about the ways in which the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may affect the ongoing public health issue of violence against people with disabilities and how rehabilitation psychologists and other providers can address these concerns in their practice.
METHOD
This article reviews the literature on violence against people with disabilities as well as emerging literature on the COVID-19 pandemic and its social and medical consequences.
RESULTS
The COVID-19 pandemic magnifies existing issues and barriers facing people with disabilities who are experiencing interpersonal violence. These issues include reliance on the perpetrator for care and assistance, barriers to reporting abuse and seeking help, fear of retaliation and other negative consequences if abuse is reported, emotional abuse related to disability, and exacerbation of secondary physical and mental health sequalae of abuse.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS
The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences enhance the already increased risk for abuse among people with disabilities. Providers who work with individuals with disabilities should address these issues at both the individual client and systems levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Disabled Persons; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Violence
PubMed: 32804531
DOI: 10.1037/rep0000347 -
American Journal of Public Health Jul 2017
Topics: Adult; Disabled Persons; Humans; Policy; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 28590856
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303859 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Aug 2019When health providers become involved in impairment evaluation, they inevitably encounter administrative systems that adjudicate disability determinations. Those...
When health providers become involved in impairment evaluation, they inevitably encounter administrative systems that adjudicate disability determinations. Those determinations take place in varied systems, each with its own terminology and processes, which can lead to confusion and frustration. Understanding historical and administrative context reduces potential for iatrogenic harm due tocaused by needless disability. The key to better health outcomes for patients involved in disability benefit systems is to understand the health benefits of work, advocate for the best health interests of patients rather than for specific administrative outcomes, and to communicate clearly and objectively with both patients and benefit administrators.
Topics: Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Employment; Health Communication; Humans; Insurance, Disability; Patient Advocacy
PubMed: 31227126
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2019.03.001 -
Psychiatria Danubina Dec 2023Intellectual Abilities, as defined in the twelfth edition of the classification manual of the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, are a...
Intellectual Abilities, as defined in the twelfth edition of the classification manual of the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, are a fundamental part of the rehabilitation process, also understood as functional rehabilitation or the rehabilitation of specific more or less complex functions, in a paradoxical game of mirrors even in the rehabilitation of intellectual functions themselves. Intellectual Disability changes the rules of the game, all the more radically the more severe it is, exacerbating the importance of multidimensional assessment of residual abilities and impaired functions on the basis of which to define realistic goals and choose the tools of rehabilitation and the ways of implementing therapeutic programs in a team effort that consists of the professionals, family and care givers, as well as the disabled person to the extent that he or she is able to actively participate in conducting his or her own rehabilitation.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Disabled Persons; Intellectual Disability; Cognition; Medicine
PubMed: 37994074
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Child Neurology Aug 2014The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) utilizes domains of body functions and structures, activities and participation, as well as... (Review)
Review
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) utilizes domains of body functions and structures, activities and participation, as well as environmental and personal factors to fully encapsulate the concepts of health and disability. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health provides a rich and holistic understanding of functioning that is particularly valuable in the setting of childhood disability and rehabilitation. With applicability that enhances a nuanced understanding of each child within their family, school, and community, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health also ensures facile and meaningful communication between professionals. Use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health promotes improved treatment plans for individual children and for larger programmatic decisions. This article demonstrates how the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health has reinvented the language and understanding of childhood disability and rehabilitation.
Topics: Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Humans; International Classification of Diseases
PubMed: 24850572
DOI: 10.1177/0883073814533595 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Oct 2016The meaning of "disability" has shifted with changes in public policy. Half a century ago, Congress was convinced that narrow determinations of disability are easy for...
The meaning of "disability" has shifted with changes in public policy. Half a century ago, Congress was convinced that narrow determinations of disability are easy for physicians to make. But with the advent of universal civil rights protection against disability discrimination in the US, deciding whether particular individuals are disabled became increasingly contentious, until Congress intervened. What should now be addressed in each case is not whether the functionally compromised person is severely disabled enough to exercise a right, but whether mitigating interventions and reasonable accommodations can together achieve equitable access for that person.
Topics: Civil Rights; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Public Policy; Social Discrimination; Social Justice; United States
PubMed: 27780027
DOI: 10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.10.pfor2-1610 -
Advances in Health Sciences Education :... May 2024How medical students, their teachers, and school administrators understand disability appears connected to ongoing, unequal access to medical education for disabled...
How medical students, their teachers, and school administrators understand disability appears connected to ongoing, unequal access to medical education for disabled people. The stigmatization of disability within medical education affects students' disability disclosures, yet few studies have explored how understandings of disability influence inclusion practices beyond individual student actions. This paper develops the concept of legibility, derived from a constructivist grounded theory study that examined disability inclusion at four U.S. medical schools through interviews with 19 disabled students and 27 school officials (faculty and administrators). With two dimensions (recognition and assessment of possibility), legibility demonstrates that knowing disability is relational, contextual, and equivocal. Drawing from the field of disability studies, the paper argues that the current paradigm of disability inclusion demands that students' disability experiences be highly legible to themselves and others, yet increased legibility comes with potential risk due to prevalent ableism. While individual interactions can shift understandings of disability towards greater inclusivity, systemic action that embeds liberating discourses of disability into medical education is needed.
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Grounded Theory; Students, Medical; Male; Female; Education, Medical; United States; Interviews as Topic; Adult
PubMed: 37479819
DOI: 10.1007/s10459-023-10268-1