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Disability and Rehabilitation Aug 2017To synthesise research literature describing elements of community recreation and leisure activities that create meaningful participation experiences for children and... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To synthesise research literature describing elements of community recreation and leisure activities that create meaningful participation experiences for children and youth with disabilities.
METHOD
Database searches of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, SportDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted. Studies describing the experience of participating in a community-based programme or activity from the perspectives of children and youth with a disability aged 0-21 or their parents, and published in English were included. Meta-ethnography was used to synthesise qualitative data, and resulting themes were conceptualised in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Child and Youth version. Consultation with stakeholders occurred throughout the review process.
RESULTS
The search identified 9544 articles, of which 20 were included for review. Ten elements contributing to meaningful participation experiences were identified and organised as follows: person-based elements (n = 5; having fun, experiencing success, belonging, experiencing freedom, developing an identity); environment-focused elements (n = 4; authentic friendships, the opportunity to participate, role models, family support) and activity-related elements (n = 1; learning).
CONCLUSIONS
Elements contributing to meaningful leisure participation are interrelated. This review reveals the substantial contribution that meaningful interactions and relationships have in creating and facilitating positive and engaging experiences. Outcomes of this review may assist professionals in the design of targeted interventions to facilitate leisure participation. Implications for Rehabilitation Elements identified in this review may operate as core components of interventions that aim to optimise participation outcomes in community-based leisure activities. Supportive relationships and the availability of services are specific aspects of the environment that needs to be considered by health professionals to facilitate meaningful participation. Understanding the perspectives of the child is critical for assessing needs, preferences and goals relating to leisure participation in the community.
Topics: Adolescent; Anthropology, Cultural; Child; Disabled Persons; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Friends; Humans; Mental Competency; Patient Participation; Recreation; Social Environment
PubMed: 27442686
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1207716 -
Life Sciences, Society and Policy Jun 2021People with disabilities face attitudinal barriers including prejudice, stereotypes, and low expectations. Many young people without disabilities may doubt that people...
People with disabilities face attitudinal barriers including prejudice, stereotypes, and low expectations. Many young people without disabilities may doubt that people with disabilities can be fulfilling partners in any loving adult relationship. The objective of the present research was to assess the willingness of non-disabled youth to engage in conjugal relationships with persons with disabilities in Wolaita Sodo town, Ethiopia. Both descriptive and explanatory study designs were used and quantitative data were collected. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed to randomly selected 403 (202 females & 201 males) unmarried youth. Data analysis was undertaken using SPSS software in which both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were utilized for data presentation. The result showed that most (85.5%) of the young people without disabilities participated in the survey were not willing to have any type of personal relationships with persons with disabilities and the main reason for 44.2% of these respondents being the fear of reaction from family members. Furthermore, it was found that the level of willingness of youth without disabilities to engage in romantic love and marital relationships was not influenced by the socio-economic status of people with disabilities. Moreover, the result of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the willingness of respondents to have marital and romantic love relationship with persons with disabilities is significantly associated to the sex (OR = 2.376; P < 0.05; 95%CI = 1.210, 4.664), raised-up area (OR = 2.512; P < 0.01; 95%CI = 1.319, 4.783), age (OR = 2.886; P < 0.05; 95%CI = 1.012, 8.228) and the presence of person with disability in the family (OR = 3.945; P < 0.01; 95%CI = 1.648, 9.442) of respondents. The findings of the present research demonstrate that people with disabilities have continued to face stereotypes and discriminations. Such stereotypes extend to assuming them as asexual and unfit to carryout roles that arise from love or marital relationships which violates the rights of PWDs to form their own family and have children. It is therefore, important to raise the awareness of young people about the differences between disability and sexuality and that physical disability has nothing to do with sexuality and relationship formation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Love; Male; Marriage; Sexual Behavior; Sexuality
PubMed: 34154669
DOI: 10.1186/s40504-021-00114-w -
Disability and Rehabilitation.... Nov 2023Assistive Technology (AT) devices provide essential means of mobility, employment, communication, social engagement for older adults and people with different...
PURPOSE
Assistive Technology (AT) devices provide essential means of mobility, employment, communication, social engagement for older adults and people with different disabilities, if prescribed correctly to match users' needs and goals. Regardless of the setting or location, a successful AT service delivery model includes the multidisciplinary collaboration of the people with disabilities and the specialists who have knowledge and expertise in the design and application of AT. In Saudi Arabia, unfortunately, the availability of AT devices is mainly limited to basic mobility and daily living aids such as wheelchairs and seating systems, prosthetics and orthotics, communication devices, low-vision devices, and adapted transportation equipment. The aim of this perspective is to provide clinicians and healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia with a model for the optimisation of the provision of AT devices decision making regarding AT devices for people with disabilities by adhering to a user-centered team approach throughout the service delivery process.
METHOD
The policy, human, activity, assistance, technology, and environment (PHAATE) model is used as a conceptual framework and guideline for this paper.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The PHAATE components could serve as a guideline for a wide range of stakeholders in Saudi Arabia (e.g., researchers, product developers, practitioners, clinicians, third-party reimbursement entities, consumers, and educators) when developing service delivery systems.IMPLICATION FOR REHABILITATIONDespite the support and funding resources of AT devices by the Saudi government, there is still the needs to increase awareness and knowledge about AT application and services, as well as optimal service delivery models of AT devices.AT service delivery provision models such as PHAATE model may help clinicians and other medical professionals in Saudi Arabia to make informed decisions about the provision of AT device services.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Saudi Arabia; Self-Help Devices; Disabled Persons; Wheelchairs; Health Personnel
PubMed: 34847331
DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2021.2008027 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Aug 2019Impairment reflects a "a significant deviation, loss, or loss of use of any body structure or body function in an individual with a health condition, disorder, or...
Impairment reflects a "a significant deviation, loss, or loss of use of any body structure or body function in an individual with a health condition, disorder, or disease" and is not synonymous with disability, which refers to "activity limitations and/or participation restrictions in an individual with a health condition, disorder, or disease." The American Medical Association Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment are the most widely used standard to assess impairment. Future research could use empirical evidence on the relationship between impairment ratings and earnings losses to improve the ability of the Guides to predict the economic consequences of a disabling injury.
Topics: Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Humans; Societies, Medical; Terminology as Topic; United States
PubMed: 31227129
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2019.03.003 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Jul 2021When disability is defined by behavior, researchers and clinicians struggle to identify appropriate measures to assess clinical progress. Some choose the reduction or...
When disability is defined by behavior, researchers and clinicians struggle to identify appropriate measures to assess clinical progress. Some choose the reduction or elimination of diagnostic traits, implicitly defining typical appearance as the goal of service provision. Such an approach often interferes with more meaningful, person-centered goals; causes harm to people with disabilities; and is unnecessary for dealing with traits that are intrinsically harmful or personally distressing, such as self-injury. Disability stakeholders should reevaluate outcome measures that seek to eliminate disability-related traits that are stigmatized but not harmful. Using autism and the emergent neurodiversity movement as a case study, this article explores ethical challenges in selecting outcome measures in behaviorally defined disability diagnoses.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Disabled Persons; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
PubMed: 34351268
DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2021.569 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Jul 2017Disability has a profound impact, both on those who live with it and on society that responds to the needs of people experiencing disability. Society has a primary...
Disability has a profound impact, both on those who live with it and on society that responds to the needs of people experiencing disability. Society has a primary obligation to respond to the impact of disability. Rehabilitation has an essential role to play here; but its relationship to disability embodies a broader social ambiguity about what it means to experience disability. On the one hand, disability is a mark of a minority group persons with disabilities, which has, historically, been socially disadvantaged. On the other, disability is a matter of how health conditions and associated impairments interact with the physical and social world to create limits on what people can do or become. However, just as health problems are universal over the life course, so too is disability. Everyone experiences disability. This paper explores the historical underpinnings of these two perspectives on disability, in particular how they impact on rehabilitation practice and policy. After surveying the social consequences of these perspectives, the paper attempts to reconcile them in order to enhance the overall effectiveness and relevance of the social response to disability.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans
PubMed: 28661547
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2251 -
Disability and Health Journal Oct 2020With population aging, there is a growing need to measure and monitor the wellbeing of older people, including older people with disabilities.
BACKGROUND
With population aging, there is a growing need to measure and monitor the wellbeing of older people, including older people with disabilities.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the extent of wellbeing for individuals age 60+ in the U.S. overall and across disability status, this paper develops a measure of wellbeing at older ages that is multidimensional and disability inclusive.
METHODS
Rates of multidimensional wellbeing among American older adults overall and among older adults with disabilities were estimated using multivariate regression analysis and data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics matched with the 2013 Disability and Use of Time Supplement. Multidimensional wellbeing was defined as the simultaneous achievement of outcomes in five dimensions: material wellbeing, health status, personal activities, social connections/relationships, and economic security.
RESULTS
Among all older adults, 33% experience multidimensional wellbeing. However, only 4-18% of older adults with disabilities experience wellbeing. Wellbeing varies across the dimensions of wellbeing for this subpopulation. Persons with disabilities experience as much wellbeing as persons without disabilities in terms of health insurance status and social connections/relationships. In contrast, for material wellbeing, health status and personal activities, older persons with disabilities less often experience wellbeing.
DISCUSSION
This paper brings to light a disability gap in the experience of wellbeing among older adults in the U.S. There is a need for research which can inform the development of policies and practices that will enhance wellbeing for older people with disabilities, including material wellbeing, health and personal activities.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Disabled Persons; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; United States
PubMed: 32354618
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100926 -
Medical Law Review May 2023How can caregivers' interests be balanced with disability rights in decisions about whether to sterilise an intellectually disabled person? This question is considered...
How can caregivers' interests be balanced with disability rights in decisions about whether to sterilise an intellectually disabled person? This question is considered in the context of Singapore, a commonwealth country that lacks a test case. Singapore has a lesser-known history of eugenics, and has struck an uneasy compromise between communitarian values and obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in recent years. This article provides an overview of Singaporean law under the Voluntary Sterilisation Act 1974 and the Mental Capacity Act 2008, and compares this with the law in Canada, England and Wales, and Australia. This article also situates the CRPD in the context of Singapore's dualist view of international law and communitarian approach to disability policy. It argues that CRPD rights to bodily integrity can be presumptively upheld in best interests determinations on sterilisation, while caregivers' interests can be accommodated in a relational understanding of best interests. A decisional framework along these lines is proposed.
Topics: Humans; Human Rights; Sterilization, Reproductive; Caregivers; Disabled Persons; Persons with Mental Disabilities; United Nations
PubMed: 36166703
DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fwac036 -
Journal of Child Psychology and... Jul 2017Numerous style guides, including those issued by the American Psychological and the American Psychiatric Associations, prescribe that writers use only person-first...
Numerous style guides, including those issued by the American Psychological and the American Psychiatric Associations, prescribe that writers use only person-first language so that nouns referring to persons (e.g. children) always precede phrases referring to characteristics (e.g. children with typical development). Person-first language is based on the premise that everyone, regardless of whether they have a disability, is a person-first, and therefore everyone should be referred to with person-first language. However, my analysis of scholarly writing suggests that person-first language is used more frequently to refer to children with disabilities than to refer to children without disabilities; person-first language is more frequently used to refer to children with disabilities than adults with disabilities; and person-first language is most frequently used to refer to children with the most stigmatized disabilities. Therefore, the use of person-first language in scholarly writing may actually accentuate stigma rather than attenuate it. Recommendations are forwarded for language use that may reduce stigma.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Research Personnel; Social Stigma; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 28621486
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12706 -
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation Dec 2017Purpose This article reviews existing literature on positive psychology, supported decision-making (SDM), employment, and disability. It examines interventions and... (Review)
Review
Purpose This article reviews existing literature on positive psychology, supported decision-making (SDM), employment, and disability. It examines interventions and assessments that have been empirically evaluated for the enhancement of decision-making and overall well-being of people with disabilities. Additionally, conceptual themes present in the literature were explored. Methods A systematic review was conducted across two databases (ERIC and PsychINFO) using various combination of keywords of 'disabilit*', work rehabilitation and employment terms, positive psychology terms, and SDM components. Seven database searches were conducted with diverse combinations of keywords, which identified 1425 results in total to be screened for relevance using their titles and abstracts. Database search was supplemented with hand searches of oft-cited journals, ancestral search, and supplemental search from grey literature. Results Only four studies were identified in the literature targeting SDM and positive psychology related constructs in the employment and job development context. Results across the studies indicated small to moderate impacts of the assessment and interventions on decision-making and engagement outcomes. Conceptually there are thematic areas of potential overlap, although they are limited in the explicit integration of theory in supported decision-making, positive psychology, disability, and employment. Conclusion Results suggest a need for additional scholarship in this area that focuses on theory development and integration as well as empirical work. Such work should examine the potential utility of considering positive psychological interventions when planning for SDM in the context of career development activities to enhance positive outcomes related to decision-making, self-determination, and other positive psychological constructs.
Topics: Counseling; Decision Making; Disabled Persons; Employment; Humans; Occupational Health Services; Social Learning; Work Capacity Evaluation
PubMed: 29119422
DOI: 10.1007/s10926-017-9740-z