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Nursing Standard (Royal College of... Oct 2023Attending to one's personal hygiene is a private and ritualistic act that is linked to self-expression and is important for one's well-being and self-esteem. Providing...
Attending to one's personal hygiene is a private and ritualistic act that is linked to self-expression and is important for one's well-being and self-esteem. Providing effective support with personal hygiene to patients can demonstrate thoughtfulness and sensitivity to their individual needs. Nurses in all fields of nursing may encounter patients who identify as transgender, but many nurses have expressed concerns about their lack of knowledge and confidence in that area of care. This article discusses the use of gender-affirming language and the factors to consider when supporting transgender patients with their personal hygiene as part of personalised, equitable and inclusive nursing care.
Topics: Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism; Self Concept; Surveys and Questionnaires; Hygiene; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 37599637
DOI: 10.7748/ns.2023.e12110 -
Scientific Data Jun 2022Generic emotion prediction models based on physiological data developed in the field of affective computing apparently are not robust enough. To improve their...
Generic emotion prediction models based on physiological data developed in the field of affective computing apparently are not robust enough. To improve their effectiveness, one needs to personalize them to specific individuals and incorporate broader contextual information. To address the lack of relevant datasets, we propose the 2nd Study in Bio-Reactions and Faces for Emotion-based Personalization for AI Systems (BIRAFFE2) dataset. In addition to the classical procedure in the stimulus-appraisal paradigm, it also contains data from an affective gaming session in which a range of contextual data was collected from the game environment. This is complemented by accelerometer, ECG and EDA signals, participants' facial expression data, together with personality and game engagement questionnaires. The dataset was collected on 102 participants. Its potential usefulness is presented by validating the correctness of the contextual data and indicating the relationships between personality and participants' emotions and between personality and physiological signals.
Topics: Emotions; Facial Expression; Humans; Personality
PubMed: 35672378
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01402-6 -
Psychiatry 2023While recovery from psychosis is possible, recovery is a multidimensional construct driven by various factors. One relevant factor to recovery from psychosis that has... (Review)
Review
While recovery from psychosis is possible, recovery is a multidimensional construct driven by various factors. One relevant factor to recovery from psychosis that has often been overlooked in the psychotherapy literature is the importance of facing loss and processing grief in relation to psychosis. A review of the existing empirical literature on grief associated with psychosis was conducted. Clinicians with significant therapeutic experience working with persons with psychosis reviewed cases to examine the losses the patients had suffered and how they responded to these losses. The clinicians considered essential principles that are relevant when helping patients with psychosis integrate loss and process grief. Persons who have experienced psychosis often experience the loss of role functioning, interpersonal relationships, cognition, and self-concept. However, when these losses are not fully integrated into the person's identity, it can result in either more losses due to denial and metacognitive impairments or increased hopelessness and depression due to internalized stigma. Five elements in psychotherapy of psychosis were identified that can facilitate the integration of loss and processing of grief: understand the personal experience of the psychotic episode, attend to feelings of grief and the primary loss, explore the meaning of psychotic symptoms and identity implications, integrate psychotic vulnerabilities into the sense of self, and foster realistic hope in the face of an uncertain future. Psychotherapy can enable persons with psychosis to make meaning of their losses, process their grief, integrate their psychotic vulnerability into their sense of self, and develop realistic hope.
Topics: Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Grief; Psychotherapy; Self Concept; Emotions
PubMed: 36688824
DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2022.2161261 -
Experimental Psychology Mar 2019Recent studies have shown that preference judgments can vary considerably from one person to another and when these data are averaged the results can be misleading. In...
Recent studies have shown that preference judgments can vary considerably from one person to another and when these data are averaged the results can be misleading. In the current study, we examine individual differences in aesthetic preference for randomized visual patterns. In Experiment 1, we start with a structured checkerboard and progressively randomize its alternating black and white squares by 10% increments. In Experiment 2, we begin with a structured square array of vertical line segments and progressively randomize line orientation. In both experiments, there were strong differences in responding with most participants favoring either ordered or randomized versions. We found differences in Big-Five trait scores across these groupings. Individuals who scored high on extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness all preferred random patterns. Preference results for openness and neuroticism varied across the experiments. Explanations for predicted and obtained trait outcomes are provided.
Topics: Adult; Beauty; Female; Humans; Individuality; Judgment; Male; Personality; Young Adult
PubMed: 30895912
DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000432 -
Journal of the American Psychoanalytic... Jun 2017This study investigated mother-infant communication in relation to Blatt's measures of adult personality organization, namely, interpersonal relatedness and...
This study investigated mother-infant communication in relation to Blatt's measures of adult personality organization, namely, interpersonal relatedness and self-definition, defining the higher ends of these two measures as dependency and self-criticism, respectively. A nonclinical sample of 126 mother-infant dyads provided the data. An evaluation of maternal self-criticism and dependency was made six weeks postpartum; four months postpartum, mother-infant self- and interactive contingencies during face-to-face play were studied and analyzed in conjunction with the earlier evaluation. Self- and interactive contingencies were defined by the predictability within, and between, the behaviors of each partner. This approach assesses the process of relating from moment to moment within a dyad. Self-contingency measures the degree of stability/variability of one person's ongoing rhythms of behavior; interactive contingency measures the likelihood that one person's behavior is influenced by the behavior of the partner. Infant and mother facial affect, gaze, and touch, and infant vocal affect, were coded second by second from split-screen videotape. Maternal self-criticism and dependency had strikingly different effects on mother-infant communication. Self-critical mothers showed lowered attention and emotion coordination, staying more "separate" from infants in these realms, compromising infant interactive efficacy. This finding is consistent with Blatt and colleagues' descriptions of self-critical individuals as preoccupied with self-definition, compromising relatedness. Dependent mothers and their infants showed reciprocal emotional vigilance, consistent with Blatt and colleague's description of dependent individuals as "empty" and "needy" of emotional supplies from their partner. The study documents that the influence of the mother's personality organization operates through both infant and maternal contributions, a co-created process rather than a direct unilateral transmission from mother to infant.
Topics: Communication; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Self-Assessment
PubMed: 28899193
DOI: 10.1177/0003065117709004 -
Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin Jul 2024There are substantive theoretical questions about whether personal affect romantic relationship functioning. The current research tested the association between...
There are substantive theoretical questions about whether personal affect romantic relationship functioning. The current research tested the association between personal values and romantic relationship quality while considering potential mediating mechanisms related to pro-relational attitudes, communal strength, intrinsic relationship motivation, and entitlement. Across five studies using different measures of value priorities, we found that the endorsement of self-transcendence values (i.e., benevolence, universalism) was related to higher romantic relationship quality. The findings provided support for the mediating roles of pro-relational attitudes, communal strength, and intrinsic relationship motivation. Finally, a dyadic analysis in our fifth study showed that self-transcendence values mostly influence a person's own relationship quality but not that of their partner. These findings provide the first evidence that personal values are important variables in romantic relationship functioning while helping to map the mechanisms through which this role occurs.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Interpersonal Relations; Adult; Social Values; Young Adult; Sexual Partners; Motivation; Attitude; Adolescent; Love
PubMed: 36942922
DOI: 10.1177/01461672231156975 -
Psychiatria Danubina 2021Our God image not only determines the nature of our relationship with God, it also influences our personality, actions, self-concept, mindset and social relations. It...
Our God image not only determines the nature of our relationship with God, it also influences our personality, actions, self-concept, mindset and social relations. It acts within and through us. Although everyone has a God image - regardless of whether one is a believer or not - the ways in which we experience God's relation to us are manifold. It is not unusual that even believers of the same congregation give accounts of diverse God images. Schema is a widely used term in psychology. Schemas describe cognitive structures that filter, encode and interpret the stimuli affecting the person. They can influence the perception of reality, which later impacts the behavior and mood of the individual and in severe cases can result in pathology. The factors influencing the God image and early maladaptive schemas both have proven roots in early childhood and are impacted by the child-parent relationship. Our research focuses on examining the connection between maladaptive schemas and the God image and their relation to parental influence.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Parent-Child Relations; Personality; Personality Disorders; Self Concept
PubMed: 35026810
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Medical Education Feb 2019Given the influence that personality can have on empathy, this study explores the relationship between empathy and personality, using three different measures of... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Given the influence that personality can have on empathy, this study explores the relationship between empathy and personality, using three different measures of empathy, and taking into account gender and specialty preference.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study. One hundred and ten medical students completed the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Empathy Quotient, and the NEO-FFI Big Five personality model. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess the association between personality traits and empathy.
RESULTS
Empathy scales showed weak and moderate correlation with personality. The strongest correlations were observed between IRI-Fantasy and Openness, and between IRI-Personal Distress and Neuroticism. Gender and specialty preference can modify this relationship. The extreme groups of Empathy Quotient had significant differences in most personality traits.
CONCLUSIONS
This study confirmed that empathy is related to personality. Using three empathy scales allows personalizing the evaluation of different empathy models and its relation with personality. These results can help to design programs to study if some personalized intervention strategies could improve the empathy in medical students.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Empathy; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Psychological; Personality Assessment; Reproducibility of Results; Sex Factors; Specialization; Students, Medical; Young Adult
PubMed: 30764878
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1485-2 -
Journal of Personality Apr 2020The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of the overlap between trait emotional intelligence (EI) and personality. This overlap was examined using the HEXACO...
OBJECTIVE
The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of the overlap between trait emotional intelligence (EI) and personality. This overlap was examined using the HEXACO personality framework at both the domain and the facet levels, and through varying methods of deriving a general factor of personality (GFP).
METHOD
A sample of 1,370 Australian adults (51% male, age in years M = 45.5, SD = 11.7, range: 21-71) completed the 200-item HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Modified Assessing Emotions Scale measure of self-reported Trait EI.
RESULTS
The strongest domain correlations with Total EI emerged for Extraversion (r = .67) followed by Openness (r = .39), Conscientiousness (r = .35), and Agreeableness (r = .26). Large adjusted multiple correlations were obtained when predicting Total EI from HEXACO domains (.74) and facets (.81). The correlations of the GFP and Total EI ranged from .53 to .64 depending on how the GFP was operationalized.
CONCLUSION
Trait EI is largely captured by the HEXACO personality framework, whereby Extraversion or the GFP provides a rough initial approximation, but composites of domains and facets provide progressively better representations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Emotional Intelligence; Extraversion, Psychological; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Young Adult
PubMed: 31152439
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12493 -
Journal of Personality Aug 2024We investigated how these motivations combined within individuals to form unique profiles, and how these different profiles relate to personality traits and team...
OBJECTIVE
We investigated how these motivations combined within individuals to form unique profiles, and how these different profiles relate to personality traits and team behaviors.
BACKGROUND
Dominance, prestige, and leadership motives each play a key role in shaping social success or failure in gaining social rank and influence.
METHOD
We used latent profile analysis across two samples (engineering student project teams, N = 1088; working adults, N = 466) to identify profile configurations and how such profiles related to important outcomes.
RESULTS
We identified qualitatively distinct profiles: ultra-dominance profile (prominent dominance motive with high prestige and leadership motives); prestigious leadership profile (moderately high prestige and leadership motives, low dominance motive); and weak social power motive profile (low on all three motives). Individuals with the prestigious leadership profile were more likely to emerge as leaders, compared to those with a weak social power motive profile. People with an ultra-dominance profile scored higher on narcissism and tended to perceive themselves as leaders, despite not being deemed more leader-like by teammates.
CONCLUSION
Using a person-centered approach allowed us to identify three power motive profiles across independent samples and generate insights into how these profiles manifest different social behaviors and outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Leadership; Male; Female; Adult; Personality; Motivation; Young Adult; Social Dominance; Power, Psychological; Middle Aged
PubMed: 37680053
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12882