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Vestnik Otorinolaringologii 2023The relevance of the problem of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pharynx is due to the significant prevalence of this pathology. Among all forms of chronic... (Review)
Review
The relevance of the problem of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pharynx is due to the significant prevalence of this pathology. Among all forms of chronic pharyngitis, the most adverse effect on the quality of life is observed in chronic athrophic pharyngitis. According to the literature, in this category of patients there are no clear criteria for assessing the functional state and morphological picture of the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Most of the described signs of atrophic pharyngitis are insufficienyly informative, which necessitates further improvement of existing and possible search for new diagnostic methods. Many of the modern methods of treatment do not provide a lasting effect due to the presence of only a local effect on the altered mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall, without taking into account the changes that are caused by a violation of trophic processes in the tissue, which necessitates the search for new effective methods of treating this disease.The review article outlines modern ideas about the methods of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pharyngitis, presents promising areas in the treatment of patients with atrophic pharyngitis. In foreign countries, the term «chronic tonsillopharyngitis» is most often used. Due to the existing difference in terminology, the predominant part of the material on the problem of chronic pharyngitis is presented by domestic literature sources.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Mucous Membrane; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 37450392
DOI: 10.17116/otorino20228803156 -
JAMA May 2024
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pharyngitis; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes; Penicillins
PubMed: 38696184
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.3326 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Mar 2021Pharyngitis is one of the most common diagnoses for antibiotic prescriptions worldwide. Antibiotics should be prescribed for bacterial pharyngitis to reduce its...
INTRODUCTION
Pharyngitis is one of the most common diagnoses for antibiotic prescriptions worldwide. Antibiotics should be prescribed for bacterial pharyngitis to reduce its complications. The aims of this study were to assess antibiotic prescriptions for pharyngitis cases, and their relationship with physicians' knowledge regarding its diagnosis and management.
METHODOLOGY
A cross-sectional study was conducted. First, prescriptions for pharyngitis cases using the modified Centor criteria was evaluated at primary care centers in Saudi Arabia. Second, physicians' knowledge of the modified Centor score and the diagnosis and management of pharyngitis was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire.
RESULTS
Out of 104 pharyngitis cases, 79% (n = 82) were prescribed antibiotics, of which 28% were evidence-based prescriptions. First-line antibiotics were prescribed in 34% of patients, and second-line (broad-spectrum) antibiotics such as amoxicillin/clavulanate were prescribed in half of the patients. The main significant predictors of antibiotic prescriptions were age < 3 years (odds ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.97), tonsillar exudate (odds ratio, 21.14; 95% CI, 2.88 to 155.09), and throat erythema (odds ratio, 9.30; 95% CI, 1.18 to 73.41). Overall, physicians (n = 29) had adequate knowledge about the modified Centor score and the management of pharyngitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Most prescribed antibiotics for pharyngitis were unnecessarily prescribed; the majority being broad-spectrum antibiotics. Despite physicians' adequate knowledge of the modified Centor score and the management of pharyngitis, their practice failed to demonstrate that. Induction of the Saudi Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in the primary care centers, accessibility to diagnostic tools, and educational programs may help in reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Stewardship; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pharyngitis; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Saudi Arabia; Young Adult
PubMed: 33839717
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.12822 -
American Family Physician Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Pharyngitis; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38648823
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatrics International : Official... Jan 2022Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease occurring in children. Although PFAPA is the most...
BACKGROUND
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease occurring in children. Although PFAPA is the most common periodic fever syndrome found in children, there are only a few studies defining the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of treatment strategies among Japanese children. This study aimed to clarify the demographic characteristics and clinical features of patients with PFAPA syndrome and to evaluate treatment efficacy.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of children with PFAPA who visited Saitama Children's Medical Center between January and December 2019. We also evaluated treatment strategies and their efficacy; abortive treatment with corticosteroids, prophylaxis with cimetidine or colchicine, and surgical management with tonsillectomy.
RESULTS
A total of 100 Japanese children (61% male) with PFAPA were included. Median age of onset was 3 years, median duration of fever episodes was 5 days, and median interval between episodes was 4 weeks. The symptoms (frequencies) were pharyngitis (89%), exudate on tonsils (71%), cervical adenitis (50%), and aphthous stomatitis (49%). Approximately 37% of patients took prednisolone for aborting fever attacks, showing a 100% response; 93% were treated with cimetidine, showing an 79.6% response, and 18% were treated with colchicine, showing a 66.7% response. Only one patient underwent tonsillectomy.
CONCLUSIONS
Among Japanese children with PFAPA, 28% of them were ≥5 years with a male predominance. Pharyngitis is the most frequent symptom associated with fever. Cimetidine is suitable for initial therapy because of its safety and efficacy.
Topics: Child; Cimetidine; Colchicine; Female; Fever; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Japan; Lymphadenitis; Lymphadenopathy; Male; Pharyngitis; Prednisolone; Retrospective Studies; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Syndrome; Tonsillectomy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36134651
DOI: 10.1111/ped.15294 -
Clinical Pediatrics Oct 2020Pharyngitis is commonly diagnosed in the emergency department (ED) and accounts for substantial antibiotic burden in pediatrics. This study describes ED patterns of...
Pharyngitis is commonly diagnosed in the emergency department (ED) and accounts for substantial antibiotic burden in pediatrics. This study describes ED patterns of group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis diagnosis and antibiotic prescribing patterns. This was a secondary data analysis of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment for GAS and non-GAS (viral) pharyngitis were reported in all ages and specifically examined in children <3 years of age from 2010 to 2015. GAS pharyngitis was diagnosed in 29% of visits for children with pharyngitis; however, 60% of patients with any pharyngitis received antibiotics. Twenty percent of children <3 years were diagnosed with GAS pharyngitis, yet over half were given antibiotics. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were commonly prescribed. Antibiotic treatment of pharyngitis, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, remains high when compared with the known prevalence of GAS pharyngitis. Diagnosis and treatment of GAS pharyngitis in patients <3 years persists despite recommendations against testing.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Stewardship; Child; Child, Preschool; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Male; Pharyngitis; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 32501119
DOI: 10.1177/0009922820927042 -
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) Aug 2019Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is the most common cause of a periodic fever in childhood. The exact pathogenesis... (Review)
Review
AIM
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is the most common cause of a periodic fever in childhood. The exact pathogenesis and the aetiology of PFAPA are still unknown.
METHODS
We conducted a non-systematic review of published articles about PFAPA syndrome and summarised the evidence for diagnostic criteria and treatment options for PFAPA.
RESULTS
The first proposed diagnostic criteria for PFAPA, in addition to periodic fever, included aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis or cervical lymphadenitis in children younger than five years at the beginning of the symptoms. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and leucocyte counts increase in most patients during episodes. Recent research reveals that tonsillectomy provides an immediate and long-lasting cure for PFAPA, even in the absence of classic criteria of aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis or cervical adenitis and in children older than five years.
CONCLUSION
We suggest that PFAPA can be diagnosed in children with at least five regularly occurring fever episodes without any other explanation, even in the absence of aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis or cervical lymphadenitis and also in children older than five years.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Fever; Humans; Lymphadenitis; Pharyngitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Syndrome
PubMed: 30901126
DOI: 10.1111/apa.14792 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2019Chronic pharyngitis is a common disease, which has a long duration and a wide range of onset. It is easy to misdiagnose by mistaking it with other diseases, such as...
Chronic pharyngitis is a common disease, which has a long duration and a wide range of onset. It is easy to misdiagnose by mistaking it with other diseases, such as chronic tonsillitis, by using common diagnostic methods. In order to reduce costs and avoid misdiagnosis, the search for an affordable and rapid diagnostic method is becoming more and more important for chronic pharyngitis research. Speech disorder is one of the typical symptoms of patients with chronic pharyngitis. This paper introduces a convolutional neural network model for diagnosis based on the typical symptom of speech disorder. First of all, the voice data is converted into a speech spectrogram, which can better output the speech characteristic information and lay a foundation for computer diagnosis and discrimination. Second, we construct a deep convolutional neural network for the diagnosis of chronic pharyngitis through the design of the structure, the design of the network layer, and the description of the function. Finally, we perform a parameter optimization experiment on the convolutional neural network and judge the recognition efficiency of chronic pharyngitis. The results show that the convolutional neural network has a high recognition rate for patients with chronic pharyngitis and has a good diagnostic effect.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Neural Networks, Computer; Pharyngitis
PubMed: 31091759
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101688 -
Annals of Emergency Medicine May 2022
Topics: Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Pharyngitis
PubMed: 35461578
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.11.002 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Feb 2015
Topics: Female; Fusobacterium Infections; Humans; Male; Pharyngitis; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 25686170
DOI: 10.7326/M14-2899