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History of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment for esophageal and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Digestive Endoscopy : Official Journal... May 2022
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esophageal Neoplasms; Humans; Pharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 34170053
DOI: 10.1111/den.14062 -
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Dec 2022Different surgical techniques have been proposed for parapharyngeal space tumors, including transcervical, transparotid, trans-mandibular, infratemporal, and transoral.... (Review)
Review
Different surgical techniques have been proposed for parapharyngeal space tumors, including transcervical, transparotid, trans-mandibular, infratemporal, and transoral. The choice of the correct approach depends on the size, localization and nature of the tumor. The transoral approach can be used for benign prestyloid masses, such as tumors of the deep lobe of the parotid gland. It guarantees a short hospitalization without skin scars. The narrowed access represents the main limitation of this technique. This review will summarize and analyze the current knowledge about the transoral approach to parotid lesions. Thirty-seven studies were included in a qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The novelty of this review is the quantitative analyses of the clinical data reported in the included studies.
Topics: Humans; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Parotid Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Hospitalization
PubMed: 36547154
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120740 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Oct 2022Changes in the epidemiology of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal (LOCP) cancers have been reported in the United States. This study aimed to examine recent trends in LOCP...
BACKGROUND
Changes in the epidemiology of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal (LOCP) cancers have been reported in the United States. This study aimed to examine recent trends in LOCP cancer mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2019.
METHODS
National mortality data were extracted from CDC WONDER, 1999-2019. International Classification of Diseases Codes, 10th Revision-C00-C14, were used to identify decedents of malignant neoplasms of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx. LOCP cancer mortality trends were assessed by fitting a Joinpoint regression model overall, and by race/ethnicity, sex, age, and US Census Region. Annual Percentage Changes (APC) were derived to estimate variations in mortality trends over time.
RESULTS
The age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for LOCP cancers was 2.5 per 100 000 (95% CI: 2.5-2.5), equivalent to 180 532 deaths during 1999-2019. Overall mortality trends have stabilized since 2009 (APC = 0.3; 95% CI: -0.1, 0.7), but an examination by subtype revealed rising mortality trends from cancers of the lip and oral cavity (APC = 1.2; 95% CI: 0.7, 1.6) and pharynx (APC = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.7, 4.8), and declining trends in malignancies of other and ill-defined areas of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (APC = -2.7; 95% CI: -3.4, -2.0). Trend variations were also noted by sex, age, US Census Region, and race/ethnicity.
CONCLUSIONS
There are differential trends in mortality from LOCP cancers in the United States. Investigating the biological, individual, and contextual factors related to LOCP cancers would guide effective public health intervention efforts.
Topics: Humans; Incidence; Lip; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Pharynx; United States
PubMed: 35998115
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13345 -
Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie Mar 2017
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Narrow Band Imaging; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 28420018
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-124128 -
Acta Oto-laryngologica Feb 2022Evidence from observational studies shows that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)] is a risk factor to Oral...
BACKGROUND
Evidence from observational studies shows that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)] is a risk factor to Oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OC&PC) [comprising Oral cavity cancer (OCC) and Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC)], but it is unclear whether these diseases have potential causality.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to explore the causal relationship between IBD and OC&PC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A mendelian randomized (MR) study was performed to estimate the causal relationship between IBD and OC&PC.
RESULTS
The potential causal relationship was statistically significant between IBD and OCC (OR = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.27, = .02), UC and OCC (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27, = .03), respectively. There was a universal null effect of IBD on OC&PC (IBD: OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 0.93-1.10, = .74; UC: OR = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.92-1.10, = .94; CD: OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 0.94-1.09, = .69), and IBD on OPC (IBD: OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.81-1.06, = 0.26; UC: OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.79-1.03, = .12; CD: OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.94-1.15, = .44).
CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE
MR analyses support new evidence indicating there may be a positive causal effect of IBD (including UC) on OCC. Further investigation of the potential biological mechanisms is necessary.
Topics: Colitis, Ulcerative; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Mouth Neoplasms; Pharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 35195051
DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2022.2035431 -
Esophagus : Official Journal of the... Jul 2022Pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with a high likelihood of metachronous carcinogenesis, which is known to have a poor prognosis. This study aimed...
BACKGROUND
Pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with a high likelihood of metachronous carcinogenesis, which is known to have a poor prognosis. This study aimed to identify comprehensive risk evaluation indicators for metachronous carcinogenesis after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of superficial PSCC.
METHODS
The risk of metachronous carcinogenesis was evaluated in 144 patients with superficial PSCC (with no history of PSCC or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) who underwent initial ESD from 2008 to 2020. Multiple lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs) in the background pharyngeal and esophageal epithelium were evaluated as endoscopic indicators. The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score was analyzed as a serum marker.
RESULTS
The median follow-up period was 4.3 years. The coincidence rate for pharyngeal and esophageal LVL grade was 55%. The cumulative 3-year metachronous PSCC rate was 18.9%. The cumulative 3-year second metachronous PSCC rate was 43.9%. Forward stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified pharyngeal LVL grade and a lower HALP score as significant independent predictors. Pharyngeal LVL grade was superior to esophageal LVL grade as a predictor of metachronous PSCC. A lower HALP score was significantly associated with younger age in forward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with a history of superficial PSCC remain at risk for metachronous carcinogenesis over time, and long-term follow-up is imperative. Comprehensive evaluation of endoscopic features with a novel serum marker, namely, the HALP score, can help predict metachronous carcinogenesis.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 35099639
DOI: 10.1007/s10388-022-00907-8 -
Bundesgesundheitsblatt,... Aug 2021Lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers (ICD-10: C00-C14) describe a heterogeneous group of tumors with strong variations in incidence, mortality, and survival by entity.
BACKGROUND
Lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers (ICD-10: C00-C14) describe a heterogeneous group of tumors with strong variations in incidence, mortality, and survival by entity.
OBJECTIVES
This work provides a detailed overview of epidemiologic measures for these tumor entities, taking into account heterogeneity in age, sex, location, and stage.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Incidence and mortality data for Germany for the years 1999-2016 were extracted from the interactive database of the Center for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD). Age and stage distributions and five-year relative survival were calculated on the pooled ZfKD data set (diagnosis years 1999-2017).
RESULTS
In 2016, overall incidence and mortality for all entities were 17.6 and 7.0 per 100,000 men and 6.5 and 1.8 per 100,000 women, respectively. The five-year relative survival in 2015-2017 was 53 and 63%, respectively. There were marked differences in survival as well as age and stage distributions between entities. Trend analyses showed an increase in age at diagnosis, particularly in male patients, and no change in stage distributions. However, five-year relative survival increased from 45% (men) and 59% (women) in 1999-2002 to 52% and 63% in 2013-2017.
CONCLUSION
The marked heterogeneity of the studied tumors highlights the need to differentiate the analysis by sex and entity for meaningful interpretation of epidemiologic metrics. With the expansion of clinical cancer registration in Germany, additional analyses including other important clinical factors will be possible in the future.
Topics: Female; Germany; Humans; Incidence; Male; Mouth Neoplasms; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Registries
PubMed: 34212206
DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03368-z -
BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care Dec 2020To explore the relationships between swallowing functional outcomes and nutritional status in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy (RT).
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationships between swallowing functional outcomes and nutritional status in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy (RT).
METHODS
This longitudinal study included 122 patients. Data were collected at three time points: baseline (T), the third week of RT (T) and the completion of RT (T). The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events was used to assess the symptom of dysphagia and other toxicities; the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) was used to assess the patient-perceived swallowing functional outcomes; the nutritional status was evaluated by the weight ratio and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The generalised estimating equation (GEE) was used to measure the correlation of MDADI with the weight ratio or PG-SGA and also to analyse the influential factors of swallowing functional outcomes.
RESULTS
The participants' acute dysphagia rates were 5.7% at T, 69.7% at T and 77.9% at T. The swallowing functional outcomes worsen over RT (p<0.001) and were associated with weight ratio (β=0.032, p=0.008) and PG-SGA (β=-0.115, p<0.001). GEE models showed that patients with cancer of the pharynx region, advanced stage, chemoradiotherapy and high RT dose perceived worse swallowing functional outcomes. Oral mucositis, pharynx mucositis and salivary gland inflammation were positively correlated with swallowing functional outcomes, and the pharynx mucositis presented the highest absolute value of β.
CONCLUSION
The swallowing functional outcomes were negatively correlated with nutritional status. Healthcare professionals should identify early on the population at higher risk and focus on multiple toxicities, especially the management of pharynx mucositis, to improve nutritional status.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chemoradiotherapy; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Mucositis; Nutritional Status; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Radiation Dosage; Radiotherapy; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 32404303
DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002216 -
Otolaryngologia Polska = the Polish... 2015TNM system is a universally recognized cancer classification. It's based on the assessment of anatomical extent of tumor (T), nodal (N) and distant metastases (M). The... (Review)
Review
TNM system is a universally recognized cancer classification. It's based on the assessment of anatomical extent of tumor (T), nodal (N) and distant metastases (M). The first edition of TNM was published in 1968 and has since been updated several times. Relevant characteristics that affect prognosis prognosis, such as depth of invasion, tumor volume, surgical margin infiltration, and the number of involved nodes as well as the presence of extracapsular spread (such data should be determined by the pathologist and included in pTNM staging – ed. note) are not included in the TNM classification. Following a discussion on most recent classification updates we will discuss the factors, which in our opinion and in concordance with the most recent literature, deserve special consideration and influence management of oral carcinomas.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mouth Neoplasms; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Pharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 26388356
DOI: 10.5604/00306657.1160919 -
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &... Mar 2023As human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) oral cavity and pharynx cancer (OCPC) incidence increases significantly, our objective was to determine whether selected...
BACKGROUND
As human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) oral cavity and pharynx cancer (OCPC) incidence increases significantly, our objective was to determine whether selected sociodemographic and clinical factors were associated with HPV+ OCPCs overall and by oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal sites.
METHODS
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program data were used in this study. Specifically, univariate and logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between HPV+ and HPV- OCPC cases and age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status, factors of neighborhood socioeconomic status (i.e., nSES/Yost index) and rurality/urbanity, first malignancy status, histology, reporting source, stage at diagnosis, and OCPC anatomic site. The same approach was used to identify risk factors for HPV positivity for oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal OCPCs separately.
RESULTS
In all OCPCs, cases that were male, <80 years old, lived in the four highest nSES categories, diagnosed with a non-"gum and other mouth" OCPC (ref = hypopharynx), not locally staged at diagnosis, and a first malignancy had higher odds of being HPV+. Cases that were American Indian/Alaska Native and Asian or Pacific Islander (ref = White), Spanish-Hispanic-Latino ethnicity, non-married/partnered, and not reported by a hospital/clinic had lower odds of being HPV+. Associations were maintained in oropharyngeal OCPCs and only age and race remained significant for non-oropharyngeal OCPCs.
CONCLUSIONS
Sociodemographic and clinical differences in HPV+ and HPV- OCPC, overall and for (non)oropharyngeal, cases exist.
IMPACT
Identification of OCPC and (non)oropharyngeal risk factors for HPV positivity may assist in discovering high-risk groups that should receive enhanced public health efforts to reduce the U.S. OCPC burden.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Mouth Neoplasms; Incidence; SEER Program
PubMed: 36525654
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0774