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Acta Orthopaedica Belgica Dec 2023Fractures of the phalanges may result in a challenging complication known as malrotation, which can adversely affect the functionality of the fingers during flexion,...
Fractures of the phalanges may result in a challenging complication known as malrotation, which can adversely affect the functionality of the fingers during flexion, leading to scissoring. The standard surgical approach for correcting this condition involves open corrective osteotomy and derotation, often at the level of the metacarpal, which includes the use of different techniques for osteotomy and fixation. However, postoperative complications such as finger stiffness and hardware irritation are common. To overcome these limitations, we present a novel and minimally invasive corrective osteotomy technique for malunited proximal phalanx fractures with rotational malalignment, which offers several advantages, such as accelerated rehabilitation and no prominent hardware.
Topics: Humans; Osteotomy; Fractures, Bone; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Fingers; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 38205762
DOI: 10.52628/89.4.12008 -
Croatian Medical Journal Aug 2023To assess the quantity and quality of incident reports on medical devices by health care professionals from 2012 to 2021 and evaluate the effect of reporting on...
AIM
To assess the quantity and quality of incident reports on medical devices by health care professionals from 2012 to 2021 and evaluate the effect of reporting on manufacturers' post-market surveillance.
METHODS
Eighty-five incident reports were scored according to a self-developed evaluation system, and categorized as excellent, good, medium, qualified, and unqualified. The completeness of data in critical fields was assessed. For each report, the type and city of the reporter, and medical device risk class were extracted to calculate the frequency of report occurrence per risk class and outcomes for reportable reports.
RESULTS
The number of reports received from health care professionals was low; the highest number of reports in a year was 17. The majority of reports were deemed as unqualified (61.18%) and only 4.71% as excellent. Still, 67.65% of incident reports importantly affected the manufacturer's post-market surveillance, either as added information that contributes to risk monitoring or directly triggering a field safety corrective action.
CONCLUSION
The number of total reports and reports per year shows extensive underreporting in Croatia, and the quality of the provided reports is insufficient.
Topics: Humans; Croatia; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Health Personnel; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 37654038
DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2023.64.265 -
ACS Omega Jan 2019β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) forms a host-guest inclusion complex with many organic and amphiphilic compounds found in pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetic, food, and personal...
β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) forms a host-guest inclusion complex with many organic and amphiphilic compounds found in pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetic, food, and personal care systems. Therefore, grafting of β-CD onto a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) offers a possible strategy to use functionalized CNC to complex with surface-active molecules. We have successfully grafted β-CD onto CNCs in a stepwise manner using cyanuric chloride as the linker. The structure of β-CD-grafted CNC (CNC-CD) was characterized by UV-vis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the grafting ratio of β-CD was determined by the phenolphthalein inclusion protocol. Ionic surfactants induced the aggregation of CNC-CDs by forming inclusion complexes with β-CDs on the surface of CNC. The interactions of amphiphilic compounds with CNC-CD were examined by surface tensiometry, conductometric and potentiometric titration, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Mechanisms describing the complex formation between surfactants and CNC-CD were proposed, where an improved understanding of CD interactions with surfactants and lipids would enable better strategies for drug encapsulation and delivery with CDs.
PubMed: 31459458
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02534 -
Analytical Chemistry Dec 2014Rapid and simple acid-base titration was accomplished using a novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). The μPAD was fabricated by wax printing and...
Rapid and simple acid-base titration was accomplished using a novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). The μPAD was fabricated by wax printing and consisted of ten reservoirs for reaction and detection. The reaction reservoirs contained various amounts of a primary standard substance, potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHPth), whereas a constant amount of phenolphthalein was added to all the detection reservoirs. A sample solution containing NaOH was dropped onto the center of the μPAD and was allowed to spread to the reaction reservoirs where the KHPth neutralized it. When the amount of NaOH exceeded that of the KHPth in the reaction reservoirs, unneutralized hydroxide ion penetrated the detection reservoirs, resulting in a color reaction from the phenolphthalein. Therefore, the number of the detection reservoirs with no color change determined the concentration of the NaOH in the sample solution. The titration was completed within 1 min by visually determining the end point, which required neither instrumentation nor software. The volumes of the KHPth and phenolphthalein solutions added to the corresponding reservoirs were optimized to obtain reproducible and accurate results for the concentration of NaOH. The μPADs determined the concentration of NaOH at orders of magnitude ranging from 0.01 to 1 M. An acid sample, HCl, was also determined using Na2CO3 as a primary standard substance instead of KHPth. Furthermore, the μPAD was applicable to the titrations of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, and ammonia solutions. The μPADs were stable for more than 1 month when stored in darkness at room temperature, although this was reduced to only 5 days under daylight conditions. The analysis of acidic hot spring water was also demonstrated in the field using the μPAD, and the results agreed well with those obtained by classic acid-base titration.
PubMed: 25423320
DOI: 10.1021/ac5039384 -
Chemosphere Oct 2023The presence of dyes in contaminated water poses substantial dangers to the health of both humans and aquatic life. A process called precipitation polymerization was...
The presence of dyes in contaminated water poses substantial dangers to the health of both humans and aquatic life. A process called precipitation polymerization was used to create unique cross-linked hexa-chlorocyclotriphosphazene-co-phenolphthalein (Hex-CCP-co-PPT) microspheres for the purpose of this research. Advanced methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermogravimetry (DTG) were used to characterise these microspheres. In a simulated solution, the performance of Hex-CCP-co-PPTs as a sorbent for removing MB dye was investigated, and the results showed an unprecedentedly high removal rate of 88.4% for MB. Temperature of 25 °C, a Hex-CCP-co-PPTs dose of 40 mg, an MB concentration of 20 ppm, an MB solution volume of 20 mL, a contact time of 40 min, and a pH of 9 were found to be the optimal experimental conditions. According to the results of the kinetic and adsorption analyses, the PSO and Langmuir adsorption models are the best ones to use. These models favour the chemi-sorption nature and mono-layered adsorption of MB in comparison to Hex-CCP-co-PPTs. Importantly, the thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the process of removing MB by utilizing Hex-CCP-co-PPTs was endothermic and occurred spontaneously. These findings highlight the potential application of Hex-CCP-co-PPT microspheres in Algal Membrane Bioreactors (AMBRs) for the efficient and sustainable removal of dye from wastewater. This would contribute to the protection of ecosystems as well as the public's health.
Topics: Humans; Wastewater; Coloring Agents; Microspheres; Ecosystem; Methylene Blue; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Thermodynamics; Adsorption; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37499806
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139637 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023This paper presents comprehensive research of the advantages and applicability of various concrete carbonation detection methods. Employing a combination of...
This paper presents comprehensive research of the advantages and applicability of various concrete carbonation detection methods. Employing a combination of Phenolphthalein indicator (PI), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray phase analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Quantitative calcium carbonate analysis (CA), a detailed comparison to determine the carbonation depth in the partial carbonation zone of concrete specimens is conducted. Among the quantitative analysis methods, CA measures CaCO content based on chemical reactions, while TGA obtains the concentration distribution of Ca(OH) and CaCO. Among qualitative analysis methods, XRD tested the intensity distribution of Ca(OH) and CaCO, while FTIR traced the characteristic peaks of C-O functional groups in a specific spectral range to determine the depth of carbonation of concrete. Results indicate that the depth of carbonation values measured by CA, TGA, XRDA, and FTIR are 2-3 times higher than those measured by PI. This research may provide valuable insights for the design of carbonation detection in concrete.
PubMed: 37968286
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47443-8 -
F1000Research 2023Dental caries is a major non-communicable disease of public health concern caused due to freely available dietary sugars. We aimed to compare the sugar content and...
Dental caries is a major non-communicable disease of public health concern caused due to freely available dietary sugars. We aimed to compare the sugar content and erosive potential with duration of use and drug classes of orodispersible tablets (ODTs). We conducted an evaluation of the total sugar content (TSC), Potential of Hydrogen (pH), solubility, and Titratable Acidity (TA) of commonly prescribed 62 ODTs. TA was measured by titrating the samples with known amount of. 0.1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with phenolphthalein indicator and pH was determined by digital pH meter. TSC was evaluated by phenol sulphuric acid. Solubility was assessed by filtration. Out of the 62 ODTs, majority were Antimicrobials (n=30). One-quarter of the ODTs (26%) had a mean pH below ≤5.5. No significant difference was seen in the mean pH with respect to different drug classes (p=0.082) and duration of use of ODTs. A significant difference was seen in the mean percentage solubility with respect to drug classes (p<0.001). Antimicrobials had the least percentage of solubility as compared to other drug classes. Antiemetics and proton pump inhibitors (24.33 ± 17.34) had significantly higher mean percentage sugar content than Antimicrobials (23.25 ± 17.16). No significant difference was seen in the mean TSC with respect to various drug classes (p=0.718) and between the duration of use of drugs (P=0.568) respectively. No significant difference was seen in the mean percentage TA with respect to drug class (p=0.123) and duration of use of drugs (p=0.424). Overall, we can conclude that one in four ODT formulations had a pH below 5.5 (critical pH). Only one ODT formulation did not have a sugar content. No difference was seen in the mean pH, sugar content, and TA with respect to duration of use of drugs and drug classes.
Topics: Humans; Sugars; Dental Caries; Tablets; Solubility
PubMed: 37089132
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130786.2 -
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi =... Jul 2021To study the characteristics of gut microbiota and its association with the activity of β-glucuronidase (β-GD) in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
OBJECTIVE
To study the characteristics of gut microbiota and its association with the activity of β-glucuronidase (β-GD) in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
METHODS
A total of 50 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who were admitted in January to December, 2018, were enrolled as the hyperbilirubinemia group, and 30 neonates without hyperbilirubinemia were enrolled as the control group. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing method was used to compare gut microbiota between the two groups. The phenolphthalein-glucuronic acid substrate method was used to measure the activity of β-GD in the intestinal tract of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia before and after treatment.
RESULTS
The comparison of the distribution of gut microbiota at the genus level showed a significant difference in the abundance of 52 bacteria between the hyperbilirubinemia and control groups before treatment ( < 0.05), as well as a significant difference in the abundance of 42 bacteria between the hyperbilirubinemia group on day 3 after treatment and the control group on day 3 after enrollment ( < 0.05). After treatment, the hyperbilirubinemia group had significant reductions in the content of and in the intestinal tract ( < 0.05) and the activity of β-GD in feces ( < 0.05). The activity of β-GD in feces was positively correlated with the abundance of and before and after treatment in the neonates with hyperbilirubinemia (=0.5948-0.7245, < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
There are differences in gut microbiota between the neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and those without hyperbilirubinemia. The activity of β-GD in feces is positively correlated with the abundance of and in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Gut microbiota may affect the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by regulating the activity of β-GD. The determination and analysis of gut microbiota and β-GD activity may have certain clinical significance for the early assessment of the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Topics: Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucuronidase; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal; Infant, Newborn; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34266523
DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2102039 -
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Dec 2023The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is faced with long lists of chemicals that require hazard assessment. The present study is part of a larger effort to...
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is faced with long lists of chemicals that require hazard assessment. The present study is part of a larger effort to develop in vitro assays and quantitative structure-activity relationships applicable to untested chemicals on USEPA inventories through study of estrogen receptor (ER) binding and estrogen-mediated gene expression in fish. The present effort investigates metabolic activation of chemicals resulting in increased estrogenicity. Phenolphthalin (PLIN) was shown not to bind rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ER (rtER) in a competitive binding assay, but vitellogenin (Vtg) expression was induced in trout liver slices exposed to 10 and 10 M PLIN. Phenolphthalein (PLEIN), a metabolite of PLIN, was subsequently determined to be formed when slices were exposed to PLIN. It binds rtER with a relative binding affinity to 17β-estradiol of 0.020%. Slices exposed to PLEIN expressed Vtg messenger RNA (mRNA) at 10 , 10 , and 10 M, with no detectable PLIN present. Thus, Vtg expression noted in PLIN slice exposures was explained by metabolism to PLEIN in trout liver slices. A second model chemical, 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA), was not shown to bind rtER but did induce Vtg mRNA production in tissue slices at 10 , 10 , and 10 M in amounts nearly equal to reference estradiol induction, thus indicating metabolic activation of MDA. A series of experiments were performed to identify a potential metabolite responsible for the observed increase in activity. Potential metabolites hydroxylamine-MDA, nitroso-MDA, azo-MDA, and azoxy-MDA were not observed. However, acetylated MDA was observed and tested in both ER-binding and tissue slice Vtg induction assays. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2747-2757. © 2023 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Activation, Metabolic; Xenobiotics; Estradiol; Vitellogenins; Oncorhynchus mykiss; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 37712519
DOI: 10.1002/etc.5748 -
International Journal of Analytical... 2019There has been an increasing interest in the search for colour indicators of natural origin for titrimetric analysis. This is due to some challenges associated with the...
There has been an increasing interest in the search for colour indicators of natural origin for titrimetric analysis. This is due to some challenges associated with the currently used synthetic ones. This study evaluates and validates the acid-base indicator property of plumbagin isolated from Linn. Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) was isolated from the roots of Linn using silica gel chromatography and characterized using spectroscopic methods in comparison with those reported in the literature. Its acid-base indicator property was evaluated alongside phenolphthalein and methyl orange, after it was found to exhibit a sharp change in colour at various pH ranges. The plumbagin indicator was successfully used to assay ibuprofen powder and tablets (400 mg) using the British Pharmacopoeia (2013) method. Data obtained were analyzed statistically by Student's -test and one-way ANOVA in GraphPad Prism (version 5.01, 2010). Analysis of the use of the plumbagin indicator in acid-base titrations between strong acids and strong bases and between weak acids and strong bases has been evaluated and validated according to the ICH guidelines. Plumbagin use in ibuprofen powder and tablets has also been verified. Plumbagin has been validated for use as an indicator suitable for different acid-base titrations and the analysis of ibuprofen.
PubMed: 31531024
DOI: 10.1155/2019/4061927