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FEMS Microbiology Ecology Sep 2022Like other seafood products, tuna is highly perishable and sensitive to microbial spoilage. Its consumption, whether fresh or canned, can lead to severe food poisoning...
Like other seafood products, tuna is highly perishable and sensitive to microbial spoilage. Its consumption, whether fresh or canned, can lead to severe food poisoning due to the activity of specific microorganisms, including histamine-producing bacteria. Yet, many grey areas persist regarding their ecology, conditions of emergence, and proliferation in fish. In this study, we used 16S rRNA barcoding to investigate postmortem changes in the bacteriome of fresh and brine-frozen yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), until late stages of decomposition (i.e. 120 h). The results revealed that despite standard refrigeration storage conditions (i.e. 4°C), a diverse and complex spoilage bacteriome developed in the gut and liver. The relative abundance of spoilage bacterial taxa increased rapidly in both organs, representing 82% of the bacterial communities in fresh yellowfin tuna, and less than 30% in brine-frozen tuna. Photobacterium was identified as one of the dominant bacterial genera, and its temporal dynamics were positively correlated with histamine concentration in both gut and liver samples, which ultimately exceeded the recommended sanitary threshold of 50 ppm in edible parts of tuna. The results from this study show that the sanitary risks associated with the consumption of this widely eaten fish are strongly influenced by postcapture storage conditions.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Food Microbiology; Histamine; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salts; Tuna
PubMed: 36124730
DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac110 -
Scientific Reports May 2017Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are known to alleviate mitochondrial oxidative damage that is associated with a variety of diseases. Here, we showed that SkQ1, a...
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are known to alleviate mitochondrial oxidative damage that is associated with a variety of diseases. Here, we showed that SkQ1, a decyltriphenyl phosphonium cation conjugated to a quinone moiety, exhibited strong antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium sp. and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Photobacterium phosphoreum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in submicromolar and micromolar concentrations. SkQ1 exhibited less antibiotic activity towards Escherichia coli due to the presence of the highly effective multidrug resistance pump AcrAB-TolC. E. coli mutants lacking AcrAB-TolC showed similar SkQ1 sensitivity, as B. subtilis. Lowering of the bacterial membrane potential by SkQ1 might be involved in the mechanism of its bactericidal action. No significant cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells was observed at bacteriotoxic concentrations of SkQ1. Therefore, SkQ1 may be effective in protection of the infected mammals by killing invading bacteria.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; HeLa Cells; Humans; Mitochondria; Mycobacterium; Photobacterium; Plastoquinone; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 28469140
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00802-8 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jan 2018Major concerns surround the use of antimicrobial agents in farm-raised fish, including the potential impacts these uses may have on the development of...
Major concerns surround the use of antimicrobial agents in farm-raised fish, including the potential impacts these uses may have on the development of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in fish and the aquatic environment. Currently, some antimicrobial agents commonly used in aquaculture are only partially effective against select fish pathogens due to the emergence of resistant bacteria. Although reports of ineffectiveness in aquaculture due to resistant pathogens are scarce in the literature, some have reported mass mortalities in larvae caused by resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and streptomycin. Genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance have been described in aquaculture environments and are commonly found on mobile genetic elements which are recognized as the primary source of antimicrobial resistance for important fish pathogens. Indeed, resistance genes have been found on transferable plasmids and integrons in pathogenic bacterial species in the genera , , , , and . Class 1 integrons and IncA/C plasmids have been widely identified in important fish pathogens ( spp., spp., spp., spp., and spp.) and are thought to play a major role in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance determinants in the aquatic environment. The identification of plasmids in terrestrial pathogens ( serotypes, , and others) which have considerable homology to plasmid backbone DNA from aquatic pathogens suggests that the plasmid profiles of fish pathogens are extremely plastic and mobile and constitute a considerable reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes for pathogens in diverse environments.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Fish Diseases; Fisheries; Fishes; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 29372680
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0017-2017 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) pose unique challenges in microbial community management since they rely on a stable community with key target groups, both in...
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) pose unique challenges in microbial community management since they rely on a stable community with key target groups, both in the RAS environment and in the host (in this case, ). Our goal was to determine how much of the sole microbiome is inherited from the egg stage, and how much is acquired during the remainder of the sole life cycle in an aquaculture production batch, especially regarding potentially probiotic and pathogenic groups. Our work comprises sole tissue samples from 2 days before hatching and up to 146 days after hatching (-2 to 146 DAH), encompassing the egg, larval, weaning, and pre-ongrowing stages. Total DNA was isolated from the different sole tissues, as well as from live feed introduced in the first stages, and 16S rRNA gene was sequenced (V6-V8 region) using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The output was analysed with the DADA2 pipeline, and taxonomic attribution with SILVAngs version 138.1. Using the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index, both age and life cycle stage appeared to be drivers of bacterial community dissimilarity. To try to distinguish the inherited (present since the egg stage) from the acquired community (detected at later stages), different tissues were analysed at 49, 119 and 146 DAH (gill, intestine, fin and mucus). Only a few genera were inherited, but those that were inherited accompany the sole microbiome throughout the life cycle. Two genera of potentially probiotic bacteria ( and ) were already present in the eggs, while others were acquired later, in particularly, forty days after live feed was introduced. The potentially pathogenic genera and were inherited from the eggs, while and seemed to be acquired at 49 and 119 DAH, respectively. Significant co-occurrence was found between and both and . On the other hand, significantly negative correlations were detected between and , , and . Our work reinforces the importance of life cycle studies, which can contribute to improve production husbandry strategies. However, we still need more information on this topic as repetition of patterns in different settings is essential to confirm our findings.
PubMed: 37434707
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1188876 -
PloS One 2020Vermicompost application has been shown to promote plant growth, alter the rhizosphere microbiome, and suppress plant pathogens. These beneficial properties are often...
Vermicompost application has been shown to promote plant growth, alter the rhizosphere microbiome, and suppress plant pathogens. These beneficial properties are often attributed to the activity of vermicompost-associated microorganisms. However, little is known about the microbial shifts that occur in the rhizosphere after vermicompost application. To better understand the impact of vermicompost treatments on the assembly of rhizosphere bacterial communities, 16S rDNA communities of vermicompost and rhizospheres of each peat- and soil-grown tomatoes were profiled after conventional fertigation, irrigation without additional nutrients, and addition of three different vermicompost-extracts. The full dataset consisted of 412 identified genera, of which 317 remained following stringent quality filtration. Tomato rhizosphere microbiome responses to treatments were complex and unique between peat and soil growth substrates. Direct colonization of vermicompost-origin taxa into rhizospheres was limited, with genera Photobacterium and Luteimonas colonizing peat rhizospheres, genera Truepera, Phenylobacterium, and Lysinibacillus colonizing soil rhizospheres, and genus Pelagibius appearing in both soil and peat rhizospheres. Further patterns of differential abundance and presence/absence between treatments highlight vermicompost-mediated effects on rhizosphere microbiome assembly as an interplay of rhizosphere medium, direct colonization of vermicompost-origin taxa and vermicompost-induced shifts in the rhizosphere microbial community. This exploratory analysis is intended to provide an initial look at 16S community composition of vermicompost and the effects of vermicompost treatment on the rhizosphere microbiome assembly to highlight interactions of potential merit for subsequent investigations.
Topics: Bacteria; Composting; Solanum lycopersicum; Rhizosphere
PubMed: 32251438
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230577 -
Animal Microbiome May 2022Invertebrates are a very attractive subject for studying host-microbe interactions because of their simple gut microbial community and host diversity. Studying the...
BACKGROUND
Invertebrates are a very attractive subject for studying host-microbe interactions because of their simple gut microbial community and host diversity. Studying the composition of invertebrate gut microbiota and the determining factors is essential for understanding their symbiotic mechanism. Cephalopods are invertebrates that have similar biological properties to vertebrates such as closed circulation system, an advanced nervous system, and a well-differentiated digestive system. However, it is not currently known whether their microbiomes have more in common with vertebrates or invertebrates. This study reports on the microbial composition of six cephalopod species and compares them with other mollusk and marine fish microbiomes to investigate the factors that shape the gut microbiota.
RESULTS
Each cephalopod gut consisted of a distinct consortium of microbes, with Photobacterium and Mycoplasma identified as core taxa. The gut microbial composition of cephalopod reflected their host phylogeny, the importance of which was supported by a detailed oligotype-level analysis of operational taxonomic units assigned to Photobacterium and Mycoplasma. Photobacterium typically inhabited multiple hosts, whereas Mycoplasma tended to show host-specific colonization. Furthermore, we showed that class Cephalopoda has a distinct gut microbial community from those of other mollusk groups or marine fish. We also showed that the gut microbiota of phylum Mollusca was determined by host phylogeny, habitat, and diet.
CONCLUSION
We have provided the first comparative analysis of cephalopod and mollusk gut microbial communities. The gut microbial community of cephalopods is composed of distinctive microbes and is strongly associated with their phylogeny. The Photobacterium and Mycoplasma genera are core taxa within the cephalopod gut microbiota. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that cephalopod and mollusk gut microbiomes reflect host phylogeny, habitat, and diet. It is hoped that these data can contribute to future studies on invertebrate-microbe interactions.
PubMed: 35527289
DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00184-x -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology May 2019spp. are ubiquitous marine bacteria with high metabolism flexibility and genome plasticity. Previous studies have revealed the dynamics of planktonic vibrios in...
spp. are ubiquitous marine bacteria with high metabolism flexibility and genome plasticity. Previous studies have revealed the dynamics of planktonic vibrios in relation to environmental forces, such as temperature and salinity. However, little is known about ecology in benthic environments. Here, we elucidate the abundance, diversity, and spatial distribution of spp. in sediments of the Chinese marginal seas, with a wide spatial range from north to south covering the Yellow Sea (YS), East China Sea (ECS), and South China Sea (SCS). Quantitative analysis showed that spp. were most abundant in the SCS (∼9.04 × 10 copies/g) compared to the YS (∼1.00 × 10 copies/g) and ECS (∼8.86 × 10 copies/g). community compositions derived from Illumina sequencing of -specific 16S rRNA genes varied significantly between sampling areas, which was reflected by a strong distance-decay pattern. The spatial distribution of was governed by a joint effect of spatial and environmental factors (especially temperature, salinity, and SiO), and their respective pure effects explained only a small fraction of the community variation. Moreover, we identified the most prominent operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that were partitioned in these sea areas. Whereas OTU20 and were prevalent in the YS, and , and , , and were prevalent in the ECS and SCS, respectively. Our study demonstrated clear spatial heterogeneity of spp. in sediments of the Chinese marginal seas, laying a foundation for fully understanding the marine ecology and the ecological roles of the species. is an important component of natural marine microbial populations in terms of pathogenicity and roles in carbon cycling. Compared to the marine pelagic environment, our knowledge of the diversity and distribution pattern of spp. in sediment is limited. Here, we show higher abundance in Chinese marginal seas than in other studied sediments. There was a clear spatial differentiation of abundance and community composition in different sea areas. The benthic community displayed a strong distance-decay pattern across a wide spatial range, which was formed under the combined effects of spatial and environmental factors. These results provide deep insights into the ecological dynamics of and its environmental controls, facilitating a more comprehensive understanding of the marine ecology.
Topics: Biodiversity; China; Geologic Sediments; Oceans and Seas; Vibrio
PubMed: 30877118
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03064-18 -
The Journal of Hand Surgery Sep 2022Photobacterium damsela is a gram-negative bacterium that is known to cause infection, most commonly in marine animals and rarely in humans. Photobacterium damsela...
Photobacterium damsela is a gram-negative bacterium that is known to cause infection, most commonly in marine animals and rarely in humans. Photobacterium damsela typically results in skin and soft tissue infections in humans and has been associated with necrotizing fasciitis in several case reports. After an initially benign presentation, P damsela necrotizing fasciitis often progresses rapidly to multiorgan failure and death. Here, we present a fatal case of P damsela necrotizing fasciitis after a minor cut while scaling a fish with a discussion of current literature and treatment strategies.
Topics: Animals; Arm; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Photobacterium; Soft Tissue Infections
PubMed: 34602337
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.07.033 -
The Science of the Total Environment Dec 2022Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging nanomaterials with widespread applications for their superior properties. However, the potential health and environmental...
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging nanomaterials with widespread applications for their superior properties. However, the potential health and environmental risks of MOFs still need further understanding. In this work, we investigated the toxicity of a typical cobalt-based MOF (ZIF-67) with varied primary particle sizes (100, 200, 400, 700 and 1200 nm) to Photobacterium Phosphoreum T3 strain, a kind of luminescent bacteria. The luminescence inhibition rate of all ZIF-67 nanoparticles (NPs) reached 40 % and higher at the concentration of 5 mg/L, exhibiting strong toxicity. Combined cellular assays and gene expression analysis confirmed that the general bioactivity inhibition and oxidative damage were induced mainly by ZIF-67 NPs, rather than Co released from the ZIF-67 NPs. Additionally, the toxicity of ZIF-67 NPs demonstrated an evident size-dependent effect. For ZIF-67 smaller than 400 nm, the toxicity increased with the particle size decreased, while the trend was not significant when the particle size was larger than 400 nm. A potential explanation for this phenomenon is the smaller NPs (100 and 200 nm) may enter the cytoplasm, accumulating in the cytoplasm and causing more severe toxicity. Furthermore, Co released from the ZIF-67 NPs was not the primary contributor to the toxic effect of ZIF-67 NPs which was verified by the toxicity results and the variation of toxicity-related indicators. These findings provided insight into the better design and safer use of MOFs, and it also implied the potential environmental risk of the MOF's cannot be ignored, especially for the bioapplication.
Topics: Cobalt; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Photobacterium; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 36037900
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158317 -
Biochemistry. Biokhimiia Jun 2015The scientific basis for producing luminescent biosensors containing free and immobilized luminescent bacteria is discussed. Modern technologies for engineering target... (Review)
Review
The scientific basis for producing luminescent biosensors containing free and immobilized luminescent bacteria is discussed. Modern technologies for engineering target objects, procedures used to immobilize bacteria in different carriers, as well as procedures for integral and specific biodetection of toxins are presented. Data regarding generation and application of biomonitoring for ecotoxicants derived from natural and genetically engineered photobacterial strains are analyzed. Special attention is given to immobilization of photobacteria in polyvinyl alcohol-containing cryogel. The main physicochemical, biochemical, and technological parameters for stabilizing luminescence in immobilized bacteria are described. Results of the application of immobilized photobacterial preparations both during discrete and continuous biomonitoring for different classes of ecotoxicants are presented.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Luminescent Proteins; Photobacterium
PubMed: 26531018
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297915060085