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BMC Microbiology Apr 2024Gastric cancer is one of the global health concerns. A series of studies on the stomach have confirmed the role of the microbiome in shaping gastrointestinal diseases....
BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer is one of the global health concerns. A series of studies on the stomach have confirmed the role of the microbiome in shaping gastrointestinal diseases. Delineation of microbiome signatures to distinguish chronic gastritis from gastric cancer will provide a non-invasive preventative and treatment strategy. In this study, we performed whole metagenome shotgun sequencing of fecal samples to enhance the detection of rare bacterial species and increase genome sequence coverage. Additionally, we employed multiple bioinformatics approaches to investigate the potential targets of the microbiome as an indicator of differentiating gastric cancer from chronic gastritis.
RESULTS
A total of 65 patients were enrolled, comprising 33 individuals with chronic gastritis and 32 with gastric cancer. Within each group, the chronic gastritis group was sub-grouped into intestinal metaplasia (n = 15) and non-intestinal metaplasia (n = 18); the gastric cancer group, early stage (stages 1 and 2, n = 13) and late stage (stages 3 and 4, n = 19) cancer. No significant differences in alpha and beta diversities were detected among the patient groups. However, in a two-group univariate comparison, higher Fusobacteria abundance was identified in phylum; Fusobacteria presented higher abundance in gastric cancer (LDA scored 4.27, q = 0.041 in LEfSe). Age and sex-adjusted MaAsLin and Random Forest variable of importance (VIMP) analysis in species provided meaningful features; Bacteria_caccae was the most contributing species toward gastric cancer and late-stage cancer (beta:2.43, se:0.891, p:0.008, VIMP score:2.543). In contrast, Bifidobacterium_longum significantly contributed to chronic gastritis (beta:-1.8, se:0.699, p:0.009, VIMP score:1.988). Age, sex, and BMI-adjusted MasAsLin on metabolic pathway analysis showed that GLCMANNANAUT-PWY degradation was higher in gastric cancer and one of the contributing species was Fusobacterium_varium.
CONCLUSION
Microbiomes belonging to the pathogenic phylum Fusobacteria and species Bacteroides_caccae and Streptococcus_anginosus can be significant targets for monitoring the progression of gastric cancer. Whereas Bifidobacterium_longum and Lachnospiraceae_bacterium_5_1_63FAA might be protection biomarkers against gastric cancer.
Topics: Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Gastritis; Feces; Metagenome; Bacteria; Aged; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Adult
PubMed: 38658841
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03219-2 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024There exists a bidirectional relationship between oral health and general well-being, with an imbalance in oral symbiotic flora posing a threat to overall human health.... (Review)
Review
There exists a bidirectional relationship between oral health and general well-being, with an imbalance in oral symbiotic flora posing a threat to overall human health. Disruptions in the commensal flora can lead to oral diseases, while systemic illnesses can also impact the oral cavity, resulting in the development of oral diseases and disorders. and , known as pathogenic bacteria associated with periodontitis, play a crucial role in linking periodontitis to accompanying systemic diseases. In periodontal tissues, these bacteria, along with their virulence factors, can excessively activate the host immune system through local diffusion, lymphatic circulation, and blood transmission. This immune response disruption contributes to an imbalance in osteoimmune mechanisms, alveolar bone resorption, and potential systemic inflammation. To restore local homeostasis, a deeper understanding of microbiota-host interactions and the immune network phenotype in local tissues is imperative. Defining the immune network phenotype in periodontal tissues offers a promising avenue for investigating the complex characteristics of oral plaque biofilms and exploring the potential relationship between periodontitis and associated systemic diseases. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying - and -induced alveolar bone resorption, as well as the immunophenotypes observed in host periodontal tissues during pathological conditions.
Topics: Humans; Periodontitis; Alveolar Bone Loss; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Inflammation; Fusobacterium nucleatum
PubMed: 38455060
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1254516 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2023Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in the world; the main treatment for CRC is immunosuppressive therapy, but this therapy is only effective for a...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in the world; the main treatment for CRC is immunosuppressive therapy, but this therapy is only effective for a small percentage of CRC patients, so there is an urgent need for a treatment with fewer side effects and higher efficacy. This study demonstrated that with increased abundance in CRC can regulate the autophagy process and disrupt normal intestinal microbiota by producing hydrogen sulfide, factors that may be involved in the development and progression of CRC. This study may provide a reference for future CRC treatment options that are efficient and have fewer side effects.
Topics: Humans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Hydrogen Sulfide; Autophagy
PubMed: 37889013
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02292-23 -
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &... Jan 2022() activates oncogenic signaling pathways and induces inflammation to promote colorectal carcinogenesis.
BACKGROUND
() activates oncogenic signaling pathways and induces inflammation to promote colorectal carcinogenesis.
METHODS
We characterized and its subspecies in colorectal tumors and examined associations with tumor characteristics and colorectal cancer-specific survival. We conducted deep sequencing of , , and bacterial genes in tumors from 1,994 patients with colorectal cancer and assessed associations between presence and clinical characteristics, colorectal cancer-specific mortality, and somatic mutations.
RESULTS
, which was present in 10.3% of tumors, was detected in a higher proportion of right-sided and advanced-stage tumors, particularly subspecies . Presence of was associated with higher colorectal cancer-specific mortality (HR, 1.97; = 0.0004). This association was restricted to nonhypermutated, microsatellite-stable tumors (HR, 2.13; = 0.0002) and those who received chemotherapy [HR, 1.92; confidence interval (CI), 1.07-3.45; = 0.029). Only subspecies , the main subspecies detected (65.8%), was associated with colorectal cancer-specific mortality (HR, 2.16; = 0.0016), subspecies and were not (HR, 1.07; = 0.86). Additional adjustment for tumor stage suggests that the effect of on mortality is partly driven by a stage shift. Presence of was associated with microsatellite instable tumors, tumors with exonuclease domain mutations, and mutations, and suggestively associated with mutations.
CONCLUSIONS
, and particularly subspecies , was associated with a higher colorectal cancer-specific mortality and specific somatic mutated genes.
IMPACT
Our findings identify the subspecies as negatively impacting colorectal cancer mortality, which may occur through a stage shift and its effect on chemoresistance.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34737207
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0463 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Gut microbiome alteration was closely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous studies had demonstrated the bacteria composition changes but lacked virome...
Gut microbiome alteration was closely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous studies had demonstrated the bacteria composition changes but lacked virome profiles, trans-kindom interactions, and reliable diagnostic model explorations in CRC. Hence, we performed metagenomic sequencing to investigate the gut microbiome and microbial interactions in adenoma and CRC patients. We found the decreased microbial diversity in CRC and revealed the taxonomic alterations of bacteria and viruses were highly associated with CRC at the species level. The relative abundance of oral-derived species, such as , , , and , increased. At the same time, butyrate-producing and anti-inflammatory microbes decreased in adenoma and CRC by non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Despite that, the relative abundance of and increased, whereas some phages, including and , decreased along with CRC development. Gut bacteria was negatively associated with viruses in CRC and healthy control by correlation analysis (P=0.017 and 0.002, respectively). Viruses were much more dynamic than the bacteria as the disease progressed, and the altered microbial interactions were distinctively stage-dependent. The degree centrality of microbial interactions decreased while closeness centrality increased along with the adenoma to cancer development. was the key bacteriophage that enriched in healthy controls and positively associated with butyrate-producing bacteria. Diagnostic tests based on bacteria by random forest confirmed in independent cohorts showed better performance than viruses for CRC. In conclusion, our study revealed the novel CRC-associated bacteria and viruses that exhibited specific differences and intensive microbial correlations, which provided a reliable diagnostic panel for CRC.
Topics: Bacteria; Colorectal Neoplasms; Feces; Fusobacterium; Humans; Viruses
PubMed: 34307189
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.657867 -
European Review For Medical and... Jul 2021The human being has evolved in close symbiosis with its own ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria. After the intestinal microbiome, that... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The human being has evolved in close symbiosis with its own ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria. After the intestinal microbiome, that of the oral cavity is the largest and most diversified. Its importance is reflected not only in local and systemic diseases, but also in pregnancy since it would seem to influence the placental microbiome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a literature review of articles published in PubMed about Fusobacterium Nucleatum and both its implications with systemic and oral health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, flavors perception and its interference in the oral-nasal mucosal immunity.
RESULTS
It is in maintaining the microbiome's homeostasis that the Fusobacterium nucleatum, an opportunistic periodontal pathogen of the oral cavity, plays a crucial role both as a bridge microorganism of the tongue biofilm, and in maintaining the balance between the different species in the oral-nasal mucosal immunity also by taste receptors interaction. It is also involved in the flavor perception and its detection in the oral microbiome of children from the first days of life suggests a possible physiological role. However, the dysbiosis can determine its pathogenicity with local and systemic consequences, including the pathogenesis of respiratory infections.
CONCLUSIONS
It is interesting to evaluate its possible correlation with Sars-CoV-2 and the consequences on the microflora of the oral cavity, both to promote a possible broad-spectrum preventive action, in favor of all subjects for whom, by promoting the eubiosis of the oral microbiome, a defensive action could be envisaged by the commensals themselves but, above all, for patients with specific comorbidities and therefore already prone to oral dysbiosis.
Topics: COVID-19; Female; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; Mouth; Pregnancy
PubMed: 34286500
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202107_26251 -
FASEB Journal : Official Publication of... Jan 2024Bacterial infection is the main cause of pulpitis. However, whether a dominant bacteria can promote the progression of pulpitis and its underlying mechanism remains...
Bacterial infection is the main cause of pulpitis. However, whether a dominant bacteria can promote the progression of pulpitis and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We provided a comprehensive assessment of the microbiota alteration in pulpitis using 16S rRNA sequencing. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most enriched in pulpitis and played a pathogenic role accelerating pulpitis progression in rat pulpitis model. After odontoblast-like cells cocultured with F. nucleatum, the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and autophagy were activation. There was a float of STING expression during F. nucleatum stimulation. STING was degraded by autophagy at the early stage. At the late stage, F. nucleatum stimulated mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction and then mtDNA escape into cytosol. mtDNA, which escaped into cytosol, caused more cytosolic mtDNA binds to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). The release of IFN-β was dramatically reduced when mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway inhibited. STING mice showed milder periapical bone loss and lower serum IFN-β levels compared with wildtype mice after 28 days F. nucleatum-infected pulpitis model establishment. Our data demonstrated that F. nucleatum exacerbated the progression of pulpitis, which was mediated by the STING-dependent pathway.
Topics: Mice; Rats; Animals; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Signal Transduction; Pulpitis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Nucleotidyltransferases; DNA, Mitochondrial
PubMed: 38085169
DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301648R -
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi =... Nov 2020With the development of multi-omics and high throughput sequencing technology, studies have shown that the disorder of microbiota is related to various cancers.... (Review)
Review
With the development of multi-omics and high throughput sequencing technology, studies have shown that the disorder of microbiota is related to various cancers. Nevertheless, the research on the relationship between upper digestive tract cancer or precancerous lesions and gastrointestinal microecology is still less. , one of the oral symbiotic bacteria, is also an opportunistic pathogen, which can promote the formation of tumor microenvironment and can be used as a new biomarker for the early detection and early diagnosis of cancer. In this study, by searching CNKI, Wanfang data, PubMed and Embase databases, it was found that the abundance of in cancer tissues is higher than that in paracancerous tissues and associated with poor prognosis. The research of relationship between and precancerous lesions needs to be carried out urgently. In addition, the types of specimens, sequencing technology, strain subtypes, carcinogenic mechanism and other directions still need to be explored.
Topics: Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans
PubMed: 33297665
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191102-00776 -
Archives of Microbiology Jul 2021While the impact of oral microbiome dysbiosis on autoimmune diseases has been partially investigated, its role on bullous diseases like Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is a...
While the impact of oral microbiome dysbiosis on autoimmune diseases has been partially investigated, its role on bullous diseases like Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is a totally unexplored field. This study aims to present the composition and relative abundance of microbial communities in both healthy individuals and patients with oral PV lesions. Ion Torrent was used to apply deep sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to oral smear samples of 15 healthy subjects and 15 patients. The results showed that the most dominant phyla were Firmicutes (55.88% controls-c vs 61.27% patients-p, p value = 0.002), Proteobacteria (9.17%c vs 12.33%p, p value = 0.007) and Fusobacteria (3.39%c vs 4.09%p, p value = 0.03). Alpha diversity showed a significant difference in the number of genera between patients and controls (p value = 0.04). Beta diversity showed statistical differences in the microbial community composition between two groups. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Gemella haemolysans and Parvimonas micra were statistically abundant in patients. We noticed the characteristic fetor coming out of oral PV lesions. Most of anaerobic bacteria responsible for oral halitosis are periopathogenic. Though, only F. nucleatum and P. micra were differentially abundant in our patients. Especially, F. nucleatum has been reported many times as responsible for bad breath. Furthermore, Streptococcus salivarius and Rothia mucilaginosa, species mostly associated with clean breath, were found in relative abundance in the healthy group. Consequently, the distinct malodor observed in PV patients might be attributed either to the abundance of F. nucleatum and P. micra and/or to the lower levels of S. salivarius and R. mucilanginosa in oral lesions.
Topics: Dysbiosis; Firmicutes; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gemella; Halitosis; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Micrococcaceae; Middle Aged; Mouth; Pemphigus; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Young Adult
PubMed: 33634320
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02199-5 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2016Fusobacteria are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and are amplified during colorectal carcinogenesis. Compared to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of...
Fusobacteria are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and are amplified during colorectal carcinogenesis. Compared to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of carcinogenesis, serrated neoplasm has distinct clinical features and a different molecular background. We aimed to compare the gut microbiome between tubular adenoma (TA) and sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P). Patients with TA, SSA/P, or CRC were recruited. Three pieces of colorectal mucosal tissue were obtained from each patient by endoscopic biopsy. 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) were performed. Among 26 enrolled patients, 8, 10, and 8 had TA, SSA/P, and CRC, respectively. The relative abundance of Fusobacteria did not differ significantly between the TA and SSA/P groups (4.3% and 1.9%, P = 0.739) but was higher in the CRC group (33.8%) than in the TA or SSA/P group, respectively (TA vs. CRC, P = 0.002, false discovery rate [FDR] = 0.023; SSA/P vs. CRC, P < 0.001, FDR = 0.001). PICRUSt revealed that most functions in the TA metagenome were similar to those in the SSA/P metagenome. The gut microbiome, including relative abundance of Fusobacteria, did not differ between TA and SSA/P, suggesting that Fusobacteria may contribute to both the serrated pathway and the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Carcinogenesis; Cluster Analysis; Colorectal Neoplasms; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Fusobacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Metagenome; Middle Aged; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 27125587
DOI: 10.1038/srep25271