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Journal of Neonatal-perinatal Medicine 2020This study was conducted to determine the relationship between pica and anemia, gastrointestinal disorders, as well as pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between pica and anemia, gastrointestinal disorders, as well as pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women.
METHODOLOGY
This study was a prospective study carried out between January 2016 and June 2017 and was performed on 226 pregnant women who attended four different health care centers to receive routine prenatal care. Sampling was done considering the inclusion criteria, in two steps: cluster sampling and random sampling. Data collection was done using a researcher-made checklist. The significance level was set at p = 0.05.
RESULTS
The average age of the participants was 26.10±6.27. The prevalence of pica in pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters was 9.3, 8, and 2.1%, respectively. The most common pica craving among pregnant women was for ice and frozen materials (68.2%). There was a statistically significant relationship between gastrointestinal disorders and anemia with pica (p < 0.001). There was also a significant relationship between birth weights of babies born to mothers with pica and those without pica (p = 0.005).
CONCLUSION
Pica in pregnant women had a significant relationship with gastrointestinal disorders and anemia during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. Thus, in addition to providing healthcare services, health care professionals should consider patients' pica practices and make the necessary interventions.
Topics: Adult; Anemia; Birth Weight; Checklist; Comorbidity; Correlation of Data; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pica; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Trimesters; Prenatal Care; Prevalence; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 32925111
DOI: 10.3233/NPM-190257 -
European Journal of Pharmacology Oct 2015Intermittent subcutaneous injection of teriparatide, an active fragment of human parathyroid hormone, is clinically used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Patients...
Intermittent subcutaneous injection of teriparatide, an active fragment of human parathyroid hormone, is clinically used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Patients suffer from nausea, which is one of the side effects teriparatide induces; however, the etiology of teriparatide-induced nausea remains unknown. We have reported pica, kaolin ingestion behavior, can be used as an assessment of nausea-related response in rats. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of teriparatide-induced pica and the abilities of anti-emetic drugs to inhibit teriparatide-induced pica. Male and female adolescent (4-week-old), young (8-week-old), and adult (30-week-old) naive rats, and ovariectomized (OVX: 17-week-old) and sham-operated (17-week-old) rats subcutaneously received teriparatide (0.4 mg/kg, n=4), and their kaolin and food intakes were monitored for 24 h after the injection. Among the tested rats, we found that OVX rats, rather than male, female, and sham-operated rats, showed marked teriparatide-induced pica (0 mg/kg: 0.17±0.07 g, 0.4 mg/kg: 6.18±0.91 g). Teriparatide-induced pica in OVX rats was inhibited by intraperitoneal pretreatment with serotonin 5-HT3 (granisetron 0.5 mg/kg), dopamine D2 (prochlorperazine 0.5 mg/kg), neurokinin NK1 (fosaprepitant 1 mg/kg), and histamine H1 (diphenhydramine 10 mg/kg) receptor antagonists to 70%, 11%, 19%, and 59% of that in vehicle-treated control, respectively. These results suggest that teriparatide-induced pica in OVX rats has the potential to reflect teriparatide-induced nausea; 5-HT3, D2, NK1, and H1 receptor activation is involved in the development of this behavior; antagonists of these receptors have the potential to be medical candidates used as treatments for teriparatide-induced nausea in human patients.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Anorexia; Antiemetics; Diphenhydramine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Feeding Behavior; Female; Granisetron; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Kaolin; Male; Morpholines; Nausea; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Ovariectomy; Pica; Prochlorperazine; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; Teriparatide
PubMed: 26189023
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.039 -
Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski : Organ... 2024Aim: To find the causes and factors behind the Pica disorder, which helps in early diagnosis and appropriate treatments..
OBJECTIVE
Aim: To find the causes and factors behind the Pica disorder, which helps in early diagnosis and appropriate treatments..
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-section study was carried out between July 1, 2022, and April 20, 2023, enrolling 300 patients from different provinces of central and south Iraq with Pica disease whose diagnosis depended on specialized physicians according to WHO guidelines. The participants were following up for three to six months in private clinics.
RESULTS
Results: 92.4% of the patients were female, and 41% of patients were under 20 years old, with low ferritin, HB, and vitamin D levels (80% of cases), and these markers showed a negative correlation with the number of Pica. Chowing of ice and clay were the common types of Pica, which represent about 30% each, while 34% of cases had multiple types, which had signs and symptoms of fever, palpitation, vomiting, abdominal pain, paleness, headaches, and hair loss. Six-month flows were better than three months.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: Pica was a disorder that could lead to behavior and emotional abnormalities that caused the patients to eat some things that were eaten by healthy people. This may be, as concluded from our results, due to reduced levels of ferritin, hemoglobin (Hb), and vitamin D that caused these psychological problems.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Young Adult; Ferritins; Middle Eastern People; Pica; Retrospective Studies; Vitamin D; Vitamins
PubMed: 38642359
DOI: 10.36740/Merkur202402112 -
Journal of Pharmacological Sciences Oct 2022Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, which may affect adherence to...
Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, which may affect adherence to continuous therapy. Since Rikkunshi-To, a Japanese herbal medicine, activates the ghrelin signaling pathway and promotes gastrointestinal function, it is administered to prevent gastrointestinal symptoms. We herein investigated whether donepezil-induced gastrointestinal side effects in mice are ameliorated by Rikkunshi-To and if its therapeutic efficacy is mediated by ghrelin. Since pica behavior, the ingestion of kaolin, correlates with nausea and vomiting in humans, donepezil was intraperitoneally administered with or without Rikkunshi-To daily to mice, and food and kaolin intakes were monitored. The effects of donepezil on intestinal motility and a ghrelin receptor antagonist on donepezil-induced pica behavior, anorexia, and changes in intestinal motility were examined in mice treated with Rikkunshi-To. Pica behavior and anorexia were significantly induced by donepezil and significantly inhibited by Rikkunshi-To. Intestinal motility was significantly suppressed by donepezil and promoted by Rikkunshi-To. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of Rikkunshi-To were antagonized by the ghrelin receptor antagonist. The present results support the therapeutic efficacy of Rikkunshi-To against donepezil-induced gastrointestinal side effects.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anorexia; Donepezil; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ghrelin; Humans; Kaolin; Medicine, Kampo; Mice; Nausea; Pica; Receptors, Ghrelin; Vomiting
PubMed: 36055750
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.08.001 -
Acta Neurochirurgica Jul 2022The vidian canal (VC) is normally a reliable anatomical landmark for locating the petrous internal carotid artery (pICA). This study determined the influence of...
Localisation of the petrous internal carotid artery relative to the vidian canal on computed tomography: a case-control study evaluating the impact of petroclival chondrosarcoma.
BACKGROUND
The vidian canal (VC) is normally a reliable anatomical landmark for locating the petrous internal carotid artery (pICA). This study determined the influence of petroclival chondrosarcoma on the relationship between the VC and pICA.
METHODS
Nine patients (3 males, 6 females; median age 49) with petroclival chondrosarcoma, and depiction of the pICA on contrast-enhanced CT, were retrospectively studied. CT-based measurements were performed by two observers, both in the presence of the petroclival chondrosarcoma (case) and on the contralateral control side. The antero-posterior (AP) and craniocaudal (CC) measurements from the posterior VC to the pICA, whether the pICA was in the trajectory of the VC, and the coronal relationship of the pICA anterior genu with the VC were recorded.
RESULTS
Chondrosarcoma usually displaced the pICA anteriorly (8/9 cases) and superiorly (6/9 cases) relative to the normal side with mean AP and CC measurements of 3.9 mm v 7.2 mm (p = 0.054) and 4.4 mm v 1.4 mm (p = 0.061). The VC trajectory less frequently intersected the pICA cross-section in the presence of chondrosarcoma however it was in the line of the eroded dorsal VC in one case. The anterior genu of the pICA was displaced more laterally by chondrosarcoma but usually remained superior to the VC.
CONCLUSION
Petroclival chondrosarcoma variably influences the anatomical relationship between the VC and the pICA, hence requiring an individualised approach. The pICA is usually anterosuperiorly displaced, and the anterior genu remains superior to the VC, however it may be located in the line of the canal.
Topics: Carotid Artery, Internal; Case-Control Studies; Chondrosarcoma; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Petrous Bone; Pica; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35612666
DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05254-2 -
Neurosurgical Review Dec 2023We aimed to investigate the efficacy of our multimodal strategies and propose a treatment algorithm for ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAs). This...
We aimed to investigate the efficacy of our multimodal strategies and propose a treatment algorithm for ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAs). This study included 41 patients treated at a single institution between 2015 and 2022. The treatment modalities were justified based on the collateral circulation and aneurysm location related to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Treatment outcomes and complications of each treatment group were analyzed. The association between the collateral blood flow and the postoperative vertebrobasilar ischemia (VBI) was also investigated. There were 17 post-PICA, 10 PICA-involved, 7 pre-PICA, and 7 non-PICA types. Reconstruction techniques included flow diversion devices (n = 11) and stent-assisted coiling (n = 3). Deconstruction techniques included coil trapping (n=17) and microsurgical parent artery occlusion with (n = 8) or without PICA revascularization (n = 2). Five (18.5%) of the deconstruction group had postoperative VBI. Overall favorable outcomes in both groups were observed in 70.7% of patients with a mean follow-up time of 21.5 months. Poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade (IV-V) was identified as a predictor of unfavorable outcomes (p = 0.003). In addition, the VA/BA ratio > 0.22, the presence of collateral blood flow from the posterior communicating artery (PcomA), and a contralateral VA diameter > 2.5 mm were associated with a lower risk of postoperative VBI. In summary, the proposed strategic treatment in this study is pragmatic, yielding satisfactory results where a deconstructive technique should be used with caution, particularly when there is a flow mismatch or the absence of collateral PcomA in the vertebrobasilar circulation.
Topics: Humans; Vertebral Artery; Vertebral Artery Dissection; Vascular Surgical Procedures; Treatment Outcome; Combined Modality Therapy; Aortic Dissection; Intracranial Aneurysm; Embolization, Therapeutic; Retrospective Studies; Aneurysm, Ruptured
PubMed: 38040929
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02226-7 -
Stroke and Vascular Neurology Aug 2022Surgical treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms is challenging because many are nonsaccular and atherosclerotic. We report our tailored...
BACKGROUND
Surgical treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms is challenging because many are nonsaccular and atherosclerotic. We report our tailored approach to PICA aneurysms, which is based on angioarchitecture supplemented by high-resolution vessel wall MRI (HR-VW MRI) findings.
METHODS
From March 2010 to September 2020, 27 patients with 29 PICA aneurysms underwent surgical treatment in our institution. Since October 2016, HR-VW MRI has been used for aneurysmal wall assessment. Clinical characteristics, radiological data and surgical outcomes were analysed.
RESULTS
Nineteen proximal PICA aneurysms (vertebral artery (VA), P1, P2 and P3) were treated using the far-lateral approach. Ten distal PICA aneurysms (P4, P5) were treated using the suboccipital midline approach. Direct clipping or clip reconstruction was achieved in 19 aneurysms. Ten were trapped in conjunction with extracranial-intracranial or intracranial-intracranial bypass, including three occipital artery-PICA reimplantations, three PICA-VA reimplantations, two PICA-PICA side-to-side anastomoses, one PICA-PICA reimplantation and one PICA-PICA reanastomosis. All aneurysms were eventually completely obliterated and all bypasses remained patent. At the last follow-up, 26 patients (96.2%) achieved a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score <3). Eight patients underwent HR-VW MRI. Among these, the six aneurysms with focal wall enhancement required bypass and the two with negative enhancement were successfully clipped.
CONCLUSION
PICA aneurysms have a higher frequency of complex features such as large or giant size and fusiform or dissecting morphology. Favourable outcomes were achieved with individualised microsurgical strategies based on angioarchitecture. HR-VW MRI may be used as a promising technique to predict aneurysmal atherosclerosis.
Topics: Cerebellum; Cerebral Revascularization; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Vertebral Artery
PubMed: 35387894
DOI: 10.1136/svn-2021-001115 -
Journal of Pharmacological Sciences May 2016We examined the effects of volatile anesthetics on pica, which can be used to assess nausea and vomiting in rats. We found that inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane...
We examined the effects of volatile anesthetics on pica, which can be used to assess nausea and vomiting in rats. We found that inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane significantly induced pica in female but not male rats. Among the female rats, young rats (8 weeks old) were more susceptible to its induction than adult rats (20 weeks old) with ovariectomy or sham-surgery. Anti-emetic drugs that are used to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) inhibited the pica. These results suggest that sevoflurane-induced pica in young female rats has the potential to be an animal model of PONV in humans.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Antiemetics; Eating; Female; Kaolin; Male; Methyl Ethers; Pica; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Rats, Wistar; Sevoflurane
PubMed: 27156008
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.03.015 -
Journal of Exposure Science &... Nov 2014Soil and dust ingestion by children may be important pathways of exposure to environmental contaminants. Contaminated soil and dust may end up on children's hands and... (Review)
Review
Soil and dust ingestion by children may be important pathways of exposure to environmental contaminants. Contaminated soil and dust may end up on children's hands and objects, because they play close to the ground. These contaminants can be ingested by children, because they have a tendency to place objects, including their fingers, in their mouths. Assessing exposure through this pathway requires information about the amount of soil and dust ingested by children. Estimates of soil and dust ingestion and information on the prevalence of the behavior have been published in the literature, but research in this area is generally limited. Three methodologies have been used to quantify soil and dust ingestion rates. In this paper, these are referred to as the tracer element method, the biokinetic model comparison method, and the activity pattern method. This paper discusses the information available on the prevalence of soil and dust ingestion behavior, summarizes the three methodologies for quantifying soil and dust ingestion, and discusses their limitations. Soil ingestion data derived from studies that use these methodologies are also summarized. Although they are based on different estimation approaches, the central tendency estimates of soil and dust ingestion derived from the three methodologies are generally comparable.
Topics: Adolescent; Biomarkers; Child; Child Behavior; Child, Preschool; Dust; Eating; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Infant; Pica; Soil
PubMed: 24691008
DOI: 10.1038/jes.2014.17 -
Head & Neck Nov 2022Performing a nasopharyngectomy via a transoral approach has been reported; however, defining landmarks to facilitate this approach has not been addressed. This study...
BACKGROUND
Performing a nasopharyngectomy via a transoral approach has been reported; however, defining landmarks to facilitate this approach has not been addressed. This study aims to explore anatomical landmarks to aid in performing a nasopharyngectomy via the transoral corridor.
METHODS
An endoscopic transoral nasopharyngectomy was performed on six cadaveric specimens (12 sides). Related anatomical landmarks were defined, and the strategy to preserve the parapharyngeal internal carotid artery (pICA) was explored.
RESULTS
An endoscopic transoral nasopharyngectomy was successfully achieved in all 12 sides. Utilizing the pterygoid hamulus as a landmark, the cartilaginous ET and attachments could be adequately exposed. Identification of the pICA is a prerequisite prior to Eustachian tube (ET) transection. The sphenoidal spine and the petrotympanic fissure could be sufficiently revealed in all 12 sides, which aided in transection of the cartilaginous ET without pICA injury. The ET and the prevertebral contents could be adequately removed via the transoral corridor.
CONCLUSION
The pterygoid hamulus, sphenoidal spine and petrotympanic fissure serve as reliable landmarks for performing a transoral nasopharyngectomy. Identification of the pICA is a prerequisite prior to transection of the ET to avoid pICA injury.
Topics: Cadaver; Endoscopy; Humans; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Pharyngectomy; Pica
PubMed: 35818842
DOI: 10.1002/hed.27148